18753 lines
1.0 MiB
18753 lines
1.0 MiB
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<Module>
|
||
<Scene>Test</Scene>
|
||
<Type>All</Type>
|
||
<Name>头面颈部解剖虚拟仿真训练系统</Name>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<FSM name="状态机1">
|
||
<State name="初始状态">
|
||
<Enter>
|
||
<Action type="Parallel">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!--<Action type="Log" value="初始状态"></Action>-->
|
||
|
||
</Action>
|
||
</Enter>
|
||
</State>
|
||
|
||
</FSM>
|
||
|
||
<!--<Device>
|
||
<Name>骨骼</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/frontal_bone/frontal_bone</Path>
|
||
<Tip>骨骼</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>-->
|
||
<!--<Device>
|
||
<Name>骨骼</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe</Path>
|
||
<Tip>骨骼</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>动脉</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai</Path>
|
||
<Tip>动脉</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>骨链接</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie</Path>
|
||
<Tip>骨链接</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>静脉</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai</Path>
|
||
<Tip>静脉</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>肌肉</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou</Path>
|
||
<Tip>肌肉</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>淋巴</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa</Path>
|
||
<Tip>淋巴</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>皮肤</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_PiFu</Path>
|
||
<Tip>皮肤</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>气管</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan</Path>
|
||
<Tip>气管</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>神经</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing</Path>
|
||
<Tip>神经</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Device>
|
||
<Name>中枢</Name>
|
||
<HighLight color="255,255,255"/>
|
||
<Path>Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu</Path>
|
||
<Tip>中枢</Tip>
|
||
<Icon>工具/骨刀.png</Icon>
|
||
</Device>-->
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body3D>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头部" path="Ren_NEW" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="骨骼" icon="整体结构-guge.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe" isShow="true" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颅骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones" >
|
||
<Body name="筛骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/Ethmoid_bone" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="筛骨" audio="YinPin301-400/筛骨.mp3" englishName="Ethmoid" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/Ethmoid_bone/Ethmoid_bone" tip="筛骨:为最脆弱的含气骨。
|
||
位于两眶之间，参与构成鼻腔上部、鼻腔外侧壁和鼻中隔。此骨额状切面呈巾字形，分三部:①筛板:是多孔的水平骨板，构成鼻腔的顶，板的前份有向上伸出的骨嵴称鸡冠;②垂直板:自筛板中线下垂，居正中矢状位，构成骨性鼻中隔上部;③筛骨迷路;位于垂直板两侧由菲薄骨片围成许多小腔，称筛窦。
|
||
迷路内侧壁具有两个卷曲小骨片，即上鼻甲和中鼻甲。迷路外侧壁骨质极薄，构成眶的内侧壁，称眶板。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="垂直板" audio="YinPin301-400/垂直板.mp3" englishName="Ethmoid,perpendicular plate" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/Ethmoid_bone/Perpendicular_plate" tip="垂直板:自筛板中线下垂，居正中矢状位，构成骨性鼻中隔上部。
|
||
垂直板上部有许多细沟或细管，有神经通过。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/frontal_bone" >
|
||
<Body name="额骨" audio="YinPin301-400/额骨.mp3" englishName="Frontal" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/frontal_bone/frontal_bone" tip="额骨:位于颅的前上方，分三部:①额鳞:是瓢形或贝壳形的扁骨，内含空腔称额窦;②眶部:为后伸的水平位薄骨板，构成眶上壁，③鼻部:位于两侧眶部之间，呈马蹄铁形，缺口处为筛切迹。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额窦" audio="YinPin301-400/额窦,左.mp3" englishName="Frontal sinus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/frontal_bone/Frontal_sinus" tip="额窦:居眉弓深面，左右各一，窦口向后下，开口于中鼻道前部。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧额窦" audio="YinPin301-400/额窦,右.mp3" englishName="Frontal sinus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/frontal_bone/Frontal_sinus1" tip="额窦:居眉弓深面，左右各一，窦口向后下，开口于中鼻道前部。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞骨" audio="YinPin301-400/颞骨,左.mp3" englishName="Temporal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/left_temporal_bone" tip="题骨:参与构成颅底和颅腔侧壁，形状不规则，以外耳门为中心分三部;①鳞部:位于外耳门前上方，呈鳞片状，内面有脑回的压迹和脑膜中动脉沟，外面光滑，前下部有伸向前的突，与颧骨的题突构成颧弓，颧突根部下面的深窝称下颌窝，窝前缘的横行突起，称关节结节。②鼓部:位于下颌窝后方，为弯曲的骨片。从前、下、后三面围绕外耳道。③岩部(锥部):呈三棱锥形，尖指向前内，对着蝶骨体，底与颞鳞、乳突部相接。
|
||
岩部前面朝向颅中窝，中央有弓状隆起，隆起外侧较薄的部分，称鼓室盖，近尖端处有光滑的三叉神经压迹。后面中央部有一大孔，即内耳门，通入内耳道。
|
||
下面凹凸不平，中央有颈动脉管外口，向前内通入颈动脉管。此管先垂直上行，继而折向前内，开口于岩部尖，称颈动脉管内口。颈动脉管外口后方的深窝是颈静脉窝，后外侧的细长骨突，为茎突。岩部后份肥厚的突起，位于外耳门后方，称乳突，内有许多腔隙称乳突小房，茎突根部后方的孔为茎乳孔。" >
|
||
" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕骨" audio="YinPin301-400/枕骨.mp3" englishName="Occipital" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/occipital_bone" tip="枕骨:位颅的后下部，呈勺状。前下部有枕骨大孔。枕骨借此孔分为四部。前为基底部，后为枕鳞，两侧为侧部。侧部的下方有椭圆形关节面，称枕髁。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧顶骨" audio="YinPin301-400/顶骨,左.mp3" englishName="Parietal,L " path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/Parietal_bone" tip="顶骨:外隆内凹，呈四边形，位颅顶中部，左右各一。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧顶骨" audio="YinPin301-400/顶骨,右.mp3" englishName="Parietal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/Parietal_bone1" tip="顶骨:外隆内凹，呈四边形，位颅顶中部，左右各一。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞骨" audio="YinPin301-400/颞骨,右.mp3" englishName="Temporal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/Right_temporal_bone" tip="题骨:参与构成颅底和颅腔侧壁，形状不规则，以外耳门为中心分三部;①鳞部:位于外耳门前上方，呈鳞片状，内面有脑回的压迹和脑膜中动脉沟，外面光滑，前下部有伸向前的突，与颧骨的题突构成颧弓，颧突根部下面的深窝称下颌窝，窝前缘的横行突起，称关节结节。②鼓部:位于下颌窝后方，为弯曲的骨片。从前、下、后三面围绕外耳道。③岩部(锥部):呈三棱锥形，尖指向前内，对着蝶骨体，底与颞鳞、乳突部相接。
|
||
岩部前面朝向颅中窝，中央有弓状隆起，隆起外侧较薄的部分，称鼓室盖，近尖端处有光滑的三叉神经压迹。后面中央部有一大孔，即内耳门，通入内耳道。
|
||
下面凹凸不平，中央有颈动脉管外口，向前内通入颈动脉管。此管先垂直上行，继而折向前内，开口于岩部尖，称颈动脉管内口。颈动脉管外口后方的深窝是颈静脉窝，后外侧的细长骨突，为茎突。岩部后份肥厚的突起，位于外耳门后方，称乳突，内有许多腔隙称乳突小房，茎突根部后方的孔为茎乳孔。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="蝶骨" audio="YinPin301-400/蝶骨.mp3" englishName="Sphenoid" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Cranial_bones/sphenoid_bone" tip="蝶骨:形似蝴蝶，居颅底中央，分体、大翼、小翼和翼突四部。①体:为中间部的立方形骨块，内含蝶窦，窦分隔为左右两半，分别向前开口于蝶筛隐窝。体上面呈马鞍状，称蝶鞍，中央凹陷为垂体窝。②大翼:由体两侧发出，向上方扩展，分为凹陷的大脑面、前内侧的眶面和外下方的题面。颞面借颞下嵴，分上下两部:上部是颞窝的一部
|
||
分，下部构成颞下窝的顶，
|
||
大翼根部由前向后外有圆孔、卵圆孔和棘孔，分别通过重要的神经和血
|
||
管。
|
||
③小翼:为三角形薄板，从体的前上份发出
|
||
上面是颅前窝的后部，下面构成眶上壁的后部。小翼与体的交界处有视神经管。
|
||
小翼与大翼间的裂隙为眶上裂。④翼突:从体与大翼连接处下垂，向后敞开成为内侧板和外侧板，根部矢状方向贯通的细管，称翼管，向前通入翼腭窝。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面部骨骼" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="舌骨" audio="YinPin301-400/舌骨.mp3" englishName="Hyoid bone" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Hyoid_bone" tip="舌骨:居下颌骨下后方，呈马蹄铁形。中间部称体，向后外延伸的长突为大角，向上的短突为小角。大角和体都可在体表扪到。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下鼻甲" audio="YinPin301-400/下鼻甲,右.mp3" englishName="Inferior nasal concha,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Inferior_nasal_concha" tip="下鼻甲:为薄而卷曲的小骨片，附着于上颌体和腭骨垂直板的鼻面上。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下鼻甲" audio="YinPin301-400/下鼻甲,左.mp3" englishName="Inferior nasal concha，L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Inferior_nasal_concha1" tip="下鼻甲:位于鼻腔外侧壁最下方，由下鼻甲骨覆以黏膜构成的结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧泪骨" audio="YinPin301-400/泪骨,左.mp3" englishName="Lacrimal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Lacrimal_bone" tip="泪骨:为方形小骨片，位眶内侧壁的前份。
|
||
前接上颌骨，后连筛骨迷路眶板。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧泪骨" audio="YinPin301-400/泪骨,右.mp3" englishName="Lacrimal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Lacrimal_bone1" tip="泪骨:为方形小骨片，位眶内侧壁的前份。
|
||
前接上颌骨，后连筛骨迷路眶板。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左上颌骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Left_maxilla" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上颌骨" audio="YinPin301-400/上颌骨,左.mp3" englishName="Maxilla,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Left_maxilla/Maxilla" tip="上颌骨:成对，构成颜面的中央部，几乎与全部面颅骨相接，可分:1体和4突:上颌体:内含上颌窦，分前面、颞下面、眶面及鼻面前面上份有眶下孔，孔下方凹陷，称尖牙窝。颞下面朝向后外，中部有几个小的牙槽孔。
|
||
眶面构成眶的下壁，有矢状位的眶下沟，向前下连于眶下管。鼻面构成鼻腔外侧壁，后份有大的上领窦裂孔，通入上颌窦，前份有纵行的泪沟。
|
||
额突突向上方，接额骨、鼻骨和泪骨。颧突伸向外侧，接颧骨。牙槽突由体向下伸出，其下缘有牙槽，容纳上颌牙根。腭突由体向内水平伸出，于中线与对侧腭突结合，组成骨腭的前份。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腭突" audio="YinPin301-400/腭突,左.mp3" englishName="Palatine tonsil,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Left_maxilla/Palatine_process" tip="腭突:由体向内水平伸出，于中线与对侧腭突结合，组成骨腭的前份。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颧骨" audio="YinPin301-400/颧骨,左.mp3" englishName="Zygomatic,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Left_temporal_bone" tip="颧骨:位于额骨和上颌骨之间，近似萎形的成对的骨。分为颊、颞、眶3面，前上、前下、后上、后下、后内5缘及额碟、颞、上颌3个突起。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下颌骨" audio="YinPin301-400/下颌骨.mp3" englishName="Mandible" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Mandible" tip="下颌骨:为面颅骨最大者，分一体两支:①下颌体为弓状板，有上、下
|
||
两缘及内、外两面。
|
||
下缘圆钝，为下颌底，上缘构成牙槽弓，有容纳下牙根的牙槽。体外面
|
||
正中凸向前为颏隆凸。
|
||
前外侧面有颏孔。内面正中有二个小棘，称颏棘，为肌肉附着处。
|
||
其下外方有一椭圆形浅窝，称二腹肌窝。
|
||
②下颌支是由体后方上耸的方形骨板，未端有两个突起，前方的称冠突，为颞肌附着处，后方的称髁突，两突之间的凹陷为下颌切迹髁突上端的膨大为下颌头，与下颌窝相关节，头下方较细处是下颌颈。下领支后缘与下颌底相交处，称下颌角。下颔支内面中央有下颌孔，孔的前缘有伸向上后的骨突，称下颌小舌。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻骨" audio="YinPin301-400/鼻骨,左.mp3" englishName="Nasal，L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Nasal_bone" tip="鼻骨:两侧上颌骨额突之间成对的长方形骨板。
|
||
构成鼻腔上壁的一部分。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻骨" audio="YinPin301-400/鼻骨,右.mp3" englishName="Nasal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Nasal_bone1" tip="鼻骨:两侧上颌骨额突之间成对的长方形骨板。
|
||
构成鼻腔上壁的一部分。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭骨" audio="YinPin301-400/腭骨,左.mp3" englishName="Palatine" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Palatine_bone" tip="腭骨:成对，呈L形，位于上颌骨腭突与蝶骨翼突之间，分为水平板和垂直板两部，水平板组成骨腭的后份，垂直板构成鼻腔外侧壁的后份。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭骨" audio="YinPin301-400/腭骨,右.mp3" englishName="Palatine" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Palatine_bone1" tip="腭骨:成对，呈L形，位于上颌骨腭突与蝶骨翼突之间，分为水平板和垂直板两部，水平板组成骨腭的后份，垂直板构成鼻腔外侧壁的后份。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上颌骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Right_maxilla" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上颌骨" audio="YinPin301-400/上颌骨,右.mp3" englishName="Maxilla,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Right_maxilla/Maxilla" tip="上颌骨:成对，构成颜面的中央部，几乎与全部面颅骨相接，可分:1体和4突:上颌体:内含上颌窦，分前面、颞下面、眶面及鼻面前面上份有眶下孔，孔下方凹陷，称尖牙窝。颞下面朝向后外，中部有几个小的牙槽孔。
|
||
眶面构成眶的下壁，有矢状位的眶下沟，向前下连于眶下管。鼻面构成鼻腔外侧壁，后份有大的上领窦裂孔，通入上颌窦，前份有纵行的泪沟。
|
||
额突突向上方，接额骨、鼻骨和泪骨。颧突伸向外侧，接颧骨。牙槽突由体向下伸出，其下缘有牙槽，容纳上颌牙根。腭突由体向内水平伸出，于中线与对侧腭突结合，组成骨腭的前份。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腭突" audio="YinPin301-400/腭突,右.mp3" englishName="Palatine process,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Right_maxilla/Palatine_process" tip="腭突:由体向内水平伸出，于中线与对侧腭突结合，组成骨腭的前份。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颧骨" audio="YinPin301-400/颧骨,右.mp3" englishName="Zygomatic,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Right_temporal_bone" tip="颧骨:位于额骨和上颌骨之间，近似萎形的成对的骨。分为颊、颞、眶3面，前上、前下、后上、后下、后内5缘及额碟、颞、上颌3个突起。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="牙齿" englishName="teeth" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth" >
|
||
<Body name="下牙弓" englishName="Mandible" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch" >
|
||
<Body name="左侧中切牙(下牙弓)" audio="" englishName="Central_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Central_incisor" tip="口腔中位于牙弓中线两侧的牙齿，上下颌各有两颗，左右对称。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中切牙(下牙弓)" englishName="Central incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Central_incisor1" tip="位于上颌尖牙之后，上颌第二前磨牙之前，左右各一颗。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧侧切牙(下牙弓)" englishName="Lateral_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Lateral_incisor" tip="侧切牙是位于中切牙旁边的牙齿，上下左右共 4 颗">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧侧切牙(下牙弓)" englishName="Lateral_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Lateral_incisor1" tip="侧切牙是位于中切牙旁边的牙齿，上下左右共 4 颗">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧尖牙(下牙弓)" englishName="Canine" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Canine" tip="在口腔中，位于侧切牙和第一前磨牙之间，上颌和下颌部位各有 1 颗，左右对称，共 4 颗">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧尖牙(下牙弓)" englishName="Canine" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Canine1" tip="在口腔中，位于侧切牙和第一前磨牙之间，上颌和下颌部位各有 1 颗，左右对称，共 4 颗">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧第一前磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一前磨牙（下）,左.mp3" englishName="Premolar first,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/First_premolar" tip="第一前磨牙由于其位置和形态特点，容易发生龋齿、牙髓炎等口腔疾病。其咬合面的沟、窝、点隙较多，食物容易残留，若不注意口腔卫生，细菌滋生，就容易导致牙齿硬组织破坏。此外，上颌第一前磨牙的双根结构在拔牙或根管治疗时需要特别注意，避免牙根折断或遗漏根管。而下颌第一前磨牙因牙冠向舌侧倾斜，在修复治疗或正畸治疗中也有其独特的解剖特点需要考虑。同时，第一前磨牙也是口腔检查和诊断中的重要观察对象，其形态、颜色、位置等变化可能提示一些全身性疾病或口腔局部病变。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第一前磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一前磨牙（下）,右.mp3" englishName="Premolar first,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/First_premolar1" tip="第一前磨牙由于其位置和形态特点，容易发生龋齿、牙髓炎等口腔疾病。其咬合面的沟、窝、点隙较多，食物容易残留，若不注意口腔卫生，细菌滋生，就容易导致牙齿硬组织破坏。此外，上颌第一前磨牙的双根结构在拔牙或根管治疗时需要特别注意，避免牙根折断或遗漏根管。而下颌第一前磨牙因牙冠向舌侧倾斜，在修复治疗或正畸治疗中也有其独特的解剖特点需要考虑。同时，第一前磨牙也是口腔检查和诊断中的重要观察对象，其形态、颜色、位置等变化可能提示一些全身性疾病或口腔局部病变。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第二前磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二前磨牙（下）,左.mp3" englishName="Premolar second,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Second_premolar" tip="第二前磨牙是位于第一前磨牙远中的牙齿，上下左右共 4 颗" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第二前磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二前磨牙（下）,右.mp3" englishName="Premolar second,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Second_premolar1" tip="第二前磨牙是位于第一前磨牙远中的牙齿，上下左右共 4 颗" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧第一磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一磨牙（下）,左.mp3" englishName="Molar,first,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/First_molar" tip="位于上颌骨牙弓的中部，在第二乳磨牙的后方，是上颌牙弓中体积最大的牙齿。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第一磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一磨牙（下）,右.mp3" englishName="Molar,first,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/First_molar1" tip="位于上颌骨牙弓的中部，在第二乳磨牙的后方，是上颌牙弓中体积最大的牙齿。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第二磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二磨牙（下）,左.mp3" englishName="Molar,second" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Second_molar" tip="第二磨牙是口腔中位于第一磨牙远中的牙齿，上下左右共 4 颗">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第二磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二磨牙（下）,右.mp3" englishName="Molar,second" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Second_molar1" tip="第二磨牙是口腔中位于第一磨牙远中的牙齿，上下左右共 4 颗，">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第三磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第三磨牙（下）,左.mp3" englishName="Molar,third,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Third_molar" tip="第三磨牙是口腔中最后萌出的牙齿，也被称为智齿，位于牙列的最后方，上下左右各 1 颗，在第二磨牙的远中。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第三磨牙(下牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第三磨牙（下）,右.mp3" englishName="Molar,third,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Lower_dental_arch/Third_molar1" tip="第三磨牙是口腔中最后萌出的牙齿，也被称为智齿，位于牙列的最后方，上下左右各 1 颗，在第二磨牙的远中。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上牙弓" englishName="Upper_dental_arch" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch" >
|
||
<Body name="左侧中切牙(上牙弓)" englishName="Central_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Central_incisor" tip="位于牙弓的前端，上下颌各有 2 颗，分别称为上颌中切牙和下颌中切牙，是口腔中最先萌出的恒牙。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中切牙(上牙弓)" englishName="Central_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Central_incisor1" tip="位于牙弓的前端，上下颌各有 2 颗，分别称为上颌中切牙和下颌中切牙，是口腔中最先萌出的恒牙。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧侧切牙(上牙弓)" englishName="Lateral_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Lateral_incisor" tip="侧切牙位于中切牙的远中，上下颌各有 2 颗，分别称为上颌侧切牙和下颌侧切牙。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧侧切牙(上牙弓)" englishName="Lateral_incisor" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Lateral_incisor1" tip="侧切牙位于中切牙的远中，上下颌各有 2 颗，分别称为上颌侧切牙和下颌侧切牙。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧尖牙(上牙弓)" englishName="Canine" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Canine" tip="位于口腔前部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别位于侧切牙和第一前磨牙之间。上颌犬齿位于上颌侧切牙远中，下颌犬齿位于下颌侧切牙远中。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧尖牙(上牙弓)" englishName="Canine" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Canine1" tip="位于口腔前部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别位于侧切牙和第一前磨牙之间。上颌犬齿位于上颌侧切牙远中，下颌犬齿位于下颌侧切牙远中。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第一前磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一前磨牙（上）,左.mp3" englishName="Premolar first,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/First_premolar" tip="位于牙弓的中部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第一前磨牙和下颌第一前磨牙，位于尖牙远中、第二前磨牙近中。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第一前磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一前磨牙（上）,右.mp3" englishName="Premolar first,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/First_premolar1" tip="位于牙弓的中部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第一前磨牙和下颌第一前磨牙，位于尖牙远中、第二前磨牙近中。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第二前磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二前磨牙（上）,左.mp3" englishName="Premolar second,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Second_premolar" tip="位于牙弓的中部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第二前磨牙和下颌第二前磨牙，介于第一前磨牙和第一磨牙之间。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第二前磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二前磨牙（上）,右.mp3" englishName="Premolar second,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Second_premolar1" tip="位于牙弓的中部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第二前磨牙和下颌第二前磨牙，介于第一前磨牙和第一磨牙之间。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧第一磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一磨牙（上）,左.mp3" englishName="Molar,first,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/First_molar" tip="第一磨牙位于牙列的中部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第一磨牙和下颌第一磨牙。上颌第一磨牙在第二前磨牙的远中，而下颌第一磨牙则在第二前磨牙的远中，是恒牙中最早萌出的磨牙。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第一磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第一磨牙（上）,右.mp3" englishName="Molar,first,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/First_molar1" tip="第一磨牙位于牙列的中部，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第一磨牙和下颌第一磨牙。上颌第一磨牙在第二前磨牙的远中，而下颌第一磨牙则在第二前磨牙的远中，是恒牙中最早萌出的磨牙。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第二磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二磨牙（上）,左.mp3" englishName="Molar,second，L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Second_molar" tip="上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第二磨牙和下颌第二磨牙，位于第一磨牙的远中、第三磨牙的近中。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧第二磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第二磨牙（上）,右.mp3" englishName="Molar,second,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Second_molar1" tip="上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第二磨牙和下颌第二磨牙，位于第一磨牙的远中、第三磨牙的近中。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第三磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第三磨牙（上）,左.mp3" englishName="Molar,third,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Third_molar" tip="位于牙列的最后方，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第三磨牙和下颌第三磨牙。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第三磨牙(上牙弓)" audio="YinPin301-400/第三磨牙（上）,右.mp3" englishName="Molar,third,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/teeth/Upper_dental_arch/Third_molar1" tip="位于牙列的最后方，上下左右共 4 颗，分别称为上颌第三磨牙和下颌第三磨牙。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="犁骨" audio="YinPin301-400/犁骨.mp3" englishName="Vomer" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/skull/Facial_Bones/Vomer" tip="犁骨:位于左、右鼻腔之间矢状位四边形的扁平薄骨板。
|
||
构成鼻中隔的下部及后部。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="躯干骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肋" englishName="Rib" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左肋" englishName="Left_rib" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Left_rib" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第一肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第一肋,左.mp3" englishName="First rib,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Left_rib/First_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第二肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第二肋,左.mp3" englishName="Second rib,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Left_rib/Second_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第三肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第三肋,左.mp3" englishName="Third rib,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Left_rib/Third_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第四肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第四肋,左.mp3" englishName="Fourth rib,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Left_rib/Fourth_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右肋" englishName="Right_rib" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Right_rib" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第一肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第一肋,右.mp3" englishName="First rib,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Right_rib/First_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第二肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第二肋,右.mp3" englishName="Second rib,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Right_rib/Second_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第三肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第三肋,右.mp3" englishName="Third rib,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Right_rib/Third_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第四肋" audio="YinPin301-400/第四肋,右.mp3" englishName="Fourth rib,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Rib/Right_rib/Fourth_rib" tip="肋由肋骨与肋软骨组成，共12对。
|
||
第1-7对肋前端直接与胸骨连接，称真肋。第8-12对肋不直接与胸骨相连称假肋；其中第1对肋与胸骨柄间为软骨结合，第2对肋至第7对肋与胸骨构成微动的胸肋关节，而第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接，形成肋弓，第11-12对肋前端游离于腹壁肌层中，称浮肋。
|
||
|
||
肋骨属扁骨，分为体和前、后两端。后端膨大，称肋头，有关节面与胸椎上、下肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋头外侧稍细，称肋颈。颈外侧的粗糙突起，称肋结节，与相应胸椎横突肋凹相关节。
|
||
肋体长而扁，分内、外两面和上、下两缘。内面近下缘处有肋沟，肋间神经和血管走行其中。
|
||
体的后份急转处称肋角。前端稍宽，与肋软骨相接。
|
||
第1肋骨扁宽而短，分上、下面和内、外缘．无肋角和肋沟。内缘前份有前斜角肌结节，为前斜角肌附着处。
|
||
其前、后方分别有锁骨下静脉和锁骨下动脉经过的压迹(沟)。第2肋骨为过渡型。
|
||
第11、17肋骨无肋结节、肋颈及肋角。
|
||
肋软骨位于各肋骨的前端，由透明软骨构成，终生不骨化。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸骨" englishName="Sternum" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Sternum" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸骨柄" audio="YinPin301-400/胸骨柄.mp3" englishName="Manubrium" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/Sternum/Manubrium_of_sternum" tip="骨位于胸前壁正中，前凸后凹，自上而下可分柄、体和剑突三部分。胸骨柄上宽下窄，上缘中份为颈静脉切迹，两侧有锁切迹与锁骨相连结。柄外侧缘上份接第1肋，
|
||
柄与体连接处微向前突，称胸骨角，可在体表扪及，两侧平对第2肋，是计数肋的重要标志。胸骨角向后平对第4胸椎体下缘，胸骨体呈长方形，外侧缘接第2-7肋软骨。剑突扁而薄，形状变化较大，下端游离。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="椎骨" englishName="vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈椎" englishName="Cervical_vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="寰椎" audio="YinPin301-400/寰椎.mp3" englishName="Atlas" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Atlas" tip="第1颈椎又名寰椎，呈环状，无椎体、棘突和关节突，由前弓、后弓及侧块组成。
|
||
前弓较短，后面正中有齿突凹，与枢椎的齿突相关节。侧块连接前后两弓，上面各有一椭圆形关节面，与枕髁相关节;下面有圆形关节面与枢
|
||
椎上关节面相关节。
|
||
后弓较长，上面有横行的椎动脉沟，有椎动脉通过。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枢椎" englishName="C02 Axis" audio="YinPin301-400/枢椎.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Axis" tip="第2颈椎又名枢椎，特点是椎体向上伸出齿突，与椎齿突凹相关节。齿突原为寰椎椎体，发育过程中脱离寰椎而与枢椎椎体融合。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第三颈椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第三颈椎.mp3" englishName="C03 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Third_cervical_vertebra" tip="颈椎:椎体较小，横断面呈椭圆形;上、下关节突的关节面几乎呈水平
|
||
位
|
||
第3-7颈椎体上面侧缘向上突起称椎体钩。体钩与上位体下面的两侧唇缘相接，则形成钩椎关节，又称Luschka关节:如椎体钩过度增生肥大，可使椎间孔狭窄，压迫脊神经，产生颈椎病的症状和体征。颈椎椎孔较大，呈三角形。横突有孔，称横突孔，有椎动脉和椎静脉通过。第6颈椎横突未端前方的结节特别隆起，称颈动脉结节，有颈总动脉经其前方。当头部出血时，可用手指将颈总动脉压于此结节，进行暂时止血。第2-6颈椎的棘突较短，未端分叉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第四颈椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第四颈椎.mp3" englishName="C04 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Fourth_cervical_vertebra" tip="颈椎:椎体较小，横断面呈椭圆形;上、下关节突的关节面几乎呈水平
|
||
位
|
||
第3-7颈椎体上面侧缘向上突起称椎体钩。体钩与上位体下面的两侧唇缘相接，则形成钩椎关节，又称Luschka关节:如椎体钩过度增生肥大，可使椎间孔狭窄，压迫脊神经，产生颈椎病的症状和体征。颈椎椎孔较大，呈三角形。横突有孔，称横突孔，有椎动脉和椎静脉通过。第6颈椎横突未端前方的结节特别隆起，称颈动脉结节，有颈总动脉经其前方。当头部出血时，可用手指将颈总动脉压于此结节，进行暂时止血。第2-7颈椎的棘突较短，未端分叉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第五颈椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第五颈椎.mp3" englishName="C05 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Fifth_cervical_vertebra" tip="颈椎:椎体较小，横断面呈椭圆形;上、下关节突的关节面几乎呈水平
|
||
位
|
||
第3-7颈椎体上面侧缘向上突起称椎体钩。体钩与上位体下面的两侧唇缘相接，则形成钩椎关节，又称Luschka关节:如椎体钩过度增生肥大，可使椎间孔狭窄，压迫脊神经，产生颈椎病的症状和体征。颈椎椎孔较大，呈三角形。横突有孔，称横突孔，有椎动脉和椎静脉通过。第6颈椎横突未端前方的结节特别隆起，称颈动脉结节，有颈总动脉经其前方。当头部出血时，可用手指将颈总动脉压于此结节，进行暂时止血。第2-8颈椎的棘突较短，未端分叉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第六颈椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第六颈椎.mp3" englishName="C06 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Sixth_cervical_vertebra" tip="颈椎:椎体较小，横断面呈椭圆形;上、下关节突的关节面几乎呈水平
|
||
位
|
||
第3-7颈椎体上面侧缘向上突起称椎体钩。体钩与上位体下面的两侧唇缘相接，则形成钩椎关节，又称Luschka关节:如椎体钩过度增生肥大，可使椎间孔狭窄，压迫脊神经，产生颈椎病的症状和体征。颈椎椎孔较大，呈三角形。横突有孔，称横突孔，有椎动脉和椎静脉通过。第6颈椎横突未端前方的结节特别隆起，称颈动脉结节，有颈总动脉经其前方。当头部出血时，可用手指将颈总动脉压于此结节，进行暂时止血。第2-9颈椎的棘突较短，未端分叉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第七颈椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第七颈椎.mp3" englishName="C07 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Cervical_vertebra/Seventh_cervical_vertebra" tip="颈椎:椎体较小，横断面呈椭圆形;上、下关节突的关节面几乎呈水平
|
||
位
|
||
第3-7颈椎体上面侧缘向上突起称椎体钩。体钩与上位体下面的两侧唇缘相接，则形成钩椎关节，又称Luschka关节:如椎体钩过度增生肥大，可使椎间孔狭窄，压迫脊神经，产生颈椎病的症状和体征。颈椎椎孔较大，呈三角形。横突有孔，称横突孔，有椎动脉和椎静脉通过。第6颈椎横突未端前方的结节特别隆起，称颈动脉结节，有颈总动脉经其前方。当头部出血时，可用手指将颈总动脉压于此结节，进行暂时止血。第2-10颈椎的棘突较短，未端分叉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸椎" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Sternum" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第一胸椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第一胸椎.mp3" englishName="T01 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Sternum/First_thoracic_vertebra" tip="胸椎:椎体从上向下逐渐增大，横断面呈心形。
|
||
在椎体两侧面后份的上缘和下缘处，有半圆形浅凹。称上、下肋凹，与肋头相关节。
|
||
在横突末端前面，有横突肋凹与肋结节相关节。关节突的关节面几乎呈冠状位，上关节突关节面朝向后，下关节突的则朝向前。棘突较长，向后下方倾斜，各相邻棘突呈叠瓦状排列。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第二胸椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第二胸椎.mp3" englishName="T02 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Sternum/Second_thoracic_vertebra" tip="胸椎:椎体从上向下逐渐增大，横断面呈心形。
|
||
在椎体两侧面后份的上缘和下缘处，有半圆形浅凹。称上、下肋凹，与肋头相关节。
|
||
在横突末端前面，有横突肋凹与肋结节相关节。关节突的关节面几乎呈冠状位，上关节突关节面朝向后，下关节突的则朝向前。棘突较长，向后下方倾斜，各相邻棘突呈叠瓦状排列。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第三胸椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第三胸椎.mp3" englishName="T03 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Sternum/Third_thoracic_vertebra" tip="胸椎:椎体从上向下逐渐增大，横断面呈心形。
|
||
在椎体两侧面后份的上缘和下缘处，有半圆形浅凹。称上、下肋凹，与肋头相关节。
|
||
在横突末端前面，有横突肋凹与肋结节相关节。关节突的关节面几乎呈冠状位，上关节突关节面朝向后，下关节突的则朝向前。棘突较长，向后下方倾斜，各相邻棘突呈叠瓦状排列。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第四胸椎" audio="YinPin301-400/第四胸椎.mp3" englishName="T04 Vertebra" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/Trunk_bones/vertebra/Sternum/Fourth_thoracic_vertebra" tip="胸椎:椎体从上向下逐渐增大，横断面呈心形。
|
||
在椎体两侧面后份的上缘和下缘处，有半圆形浅凹。称上、下肋凹，与肋头相关节。
|
||
在横突末端前面，有横突肋凹与肋结节相关节。关节突的关节面几乎呈冠状位，上关节突关节面朝向后，下关节突的则朝向前。棘突较长，向后下方倾斜，各相邻棘突呈叠瓦状排列。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上肢骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone" >
|
||
<Body name="左上肢骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Left_upper_limb_bones" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢自由骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Left_upper_limb_bones/Left_free_upper_limb_bones" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧肱骨" audio="YinPin301-400/肱骨,左.mp3" englishName="Humerus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Left_upper_limb_bones/Left_free_upper_limb_bones/Humerus" tip="肱骨：分一体及上、下两端。
|
||
上端有朝向上后内方呈半球形的肱骨头，与肩胛骨的关节盂相关节。头周围的向环状浅沟，称解剖颈。
|
||
肱骨头的外侧和前方有隆起的大结节和小结节，大小结节向下各延伸一嵴，称大结节嵴和小结节嵴。两结节间有一纵沟，称结节间沟。
|
||
上端与体交界处稍细，称外科颈，较易发生骨折。肱骨体上半部呈圆柱形，下半部呈三棱柱形。
|
||
中部外侧面有粗糙的三角肌粗隆，后面中部，有一自内上斜向外下的浅沟，称桡神经沟，桡神经和肱深动脉沿此沟经过，肱骨中部骨折可能伤及桡神经。内侧缘近中点处有开口向上的滋养孔。
|
||
|
||
下端较扁，外侧部前面有半球状的肱骨小头，与桡骨相关节；内侧部有滑车状的肱骨滑车，与尺骨形成关节。滑车前面上方有一窝，称冠突窝；肱骨小头前面上方有一窝，称桡窝；滑车后面上方有一窝，称鹰嘴窝，伸肘时容纳尺骨鹰嘴。
|
||
小头外侧和滑车内侧各有一突起，分别称外上髁和内上髁。内上髁后方有一浅沟，称尺神经沟，尺神经由此经过。
|
||
下端与体交界处，即肱骨内、外上髁稍上方，骨质较薄弱，受暴力可发生肱骨髁上骨折。肱骨大结节和内外上髁都可在体表扪到。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上肢带骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Left_upper_limb_bones/Left_upper_limb_girdle_bones" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧锁骨" audio="YinPin301-400/锁骨,左.mp3" englishName="Clavicle,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Left_upper_limb_bones/Left_upper_limb_girdle_bones/Clavicle" tip="锁骨：呈“～”形弯曲，架于胸廓前上方。
|
||
全长可在体表扪到。内侧端粗大，为胸骨端，有关节面与胸骨柄相关节。
|
||
外侧端扁平，为肩峰端，有小关节面与肩胛骨肩峰相关节。内侧2/3凸向前，呈三棱形，外侧1/3凸向后，呈扁平形。
|
||
两者之间交界处较薄弱，锁骨骨折多发生在此处。锁骨上面光滑，下面粗糙。
|
||
锁骨像—个杠杆，使上肢远离胸壁，以保证上肢的灵活运动。锁骨是唯一直接与躯干相连接的骨，能将应力从上肢传给躯干。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧肩胛骨" audio="YinPin301-400/肩胛骨,左.mp3" englishName="Scapula,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Left_upper_limb_bones/Left_upper_limb_girdle_bones/Scapula" tip="肩胛骨：为三角形扁骨，贴于胸廓后外面，介于第2到第7肋骨之间。
|
||
可分二面、三缘和三个角。腹侧面或肋面与胸廓相对，为一大浅窝，称肩胛下窝。
|
||
背侧面有一横嵴，称肩胛冈。冈上、下方的浅窝，分别称冈上窝和冈下窝。
|
||
肩胛冈向外侧延伸的扁平突起，称肩峰，与锁骨外侧端相接。
|
||
上缘短而薄，外侧份有肩胛切迹，更外侧有突向前的指状突起称喙突。
|
||
内侧缘薄而锐利，因邻近脊柱，故又称脊柱缘。外侧缘肥厚邻近腋窝，称腋缘。
|
||
上角为上缘与脊柱缘会合处，平对第2肋。下角为脊柱缘与腋缘会合处，平对第7肋或第7肋间隙，为计数肋的标志。
|
||
外侧角为腋缘与上缘会合处，最肥厚，朝外侧方的梨形浅窝，称关节盂，与肱骨头相关节。盂上、下方各有一粗糙隆起，分别称盂上结节和盂下结节。
|
||
肩胛冈、肩峰、肩胛骨下角、内侧缘及喙突都可在体表扪到。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Right_upper_limb_bones" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右上肢骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Right_upper_limb_bones/Right_free_upper_limb_bones" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧肱骨" audio="YinPin301-400/肱骨,右.mp3" englishName="Humerus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Right_upper_limb_bones/Right_free_upper_limb_bones/Humerus" tip="肱骨：分一体及上、下两端。
|
||
上端有朝向上后内方呈半球形的肱骨头，与肩胛骨的关节盂相关节。头周围的向环状浅沟，称解剖颈。
|
||
肱骨头的外侧和前方有隆起的大结节和小结节，大小结节向下各延伸一嵴，称大结节嵴和小结节嵴。两结节间有一纵沟，称结节间沟。
|
||
上端与体交界处稍细，称外科颈，较易发生骨折。肱骨体上半部呈圆柱形，下半部呈三棱柱形。
|
||
中部外侧面有粗糙的三角肌粗隆，后面中部，有一自内上斜向外下的浅沟，称桡神经沟，桡神经和肱深动脉沿此沟经过，肱骨中部骨折可能伤及桡神经。内侧缘近中点处有开口向上的滋养孔。
|
||
|
||
下端较扁，外侧部前面有半球状的肱骨小头，与桡骨相关节；内侧部有滑车状的肱骨滑车，与尺骨形成关节。滑车前面上方有一窝，称冠突窝；肱骨小头前面上方有一窝，称桡窝；滑车后面上方有一窝，称鹰嘴窝，伸肘时容纳尺骨鹰嘴。
|
||
小头外侧和滑车内侧各有一突起，分别称外上髁和内上髁。内上髁后方有一浅沟，称尺神经沟，尺神经由此经过。
|
||
下端与体交界处，即肱骨内、外上髁稍上方，骨质较薄弱，受暴力可发生肱骨髁上骨折。肱骨大结节和内外上髁都可在体表扪到。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢带骨" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Right_upper_limb_bones/Right_upper_limb_girdle_bones" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨" audio="YinPin301-400/锁骨,右.mp3" englishName="Clavicle,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Right_upper_limb_bones/Right_upper_limb_girdle_bones/Clavicle" tip="锁骨：呈“～”形弯曲，架于胸廓前上方。
|
||
全长可在体表扪到。内侧端粗大，为胸骨端，有关节面与胸骨柄相关节。
|
||
外侧端扁平，为肩峰端，有小关节面与肩胛骨肩峰相关节。内侧2/3凸向前，呈三棱形，外侧1/3凸向后，呈扁平形。
|
||
两者之间交界处较薄弱，锁骨骨折多发生在此处。锁骨上面光滑，下面粗糙。
|
||
锁骨像—个杠杆，使上肢远离胸壁，以保证上肢的灵活运动。锁骨是唯一直接与躯干相连接的骨，能将应力从上肢传给躯干。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肩胛骨" audio="YinPin301-400/肩胛骨,右.mp3" englishName="Scapula,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuGe/upper_limb_bone/Right_upper_limb_bones/Right_upper_limb_girdle_bones/Scapula" tip="肩胛骨：为三角形扁骨，贴于胸廓后外面，介于第2到第7肋骨之间。
|
||
可分二面、三缘和三个角。腹侧面或肋面与胸廓相对，为一大浅窝，称肩胛下窝。
|
||
背侧面有一横嵴，称肩胛冈。冈上、下方的浅窝，分别称冈上窝和冈下窝。
|
||
肩胛冈向外侧延伸的扁平突起，称肩峰，与锁骨外侧端相接。
|
||
上缘短而薄，外侧份有肩胛切迹，更外侧有突向前的指状突起称喙突。
|
||
内侧缘薄而锐利，因邻近脊柱，故又称脊柱缘。外侧缘肥厚邻近腋窝，称腋缘。
|
||
上角为上缘与脊柱缘会合处，平对第2肋。下角为脊柱缘与腋缘会合处，平对第7肋或第7肋间隙，为计数肋的标志。
|
||
外侧角为腋缘与上缘会合处，最肥厚，朝外侧方的梨形浅窝，称关节盂，与肱骨头相关节。盂上、下方各有一粗糙隆起，分别称盂上结节和盂下结节。
|
||
肩胛冈、肩峰、肩胛骨下角、内侧缘及喙突都可在体表扪到。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="皮肤" icon="整体结构-pifu.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_PiFu" >
|
||
<Body name="左眼睫毛" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_PiFu/SM_Left_Eyelashes" tip="睫毛是生长于睑弦的排列整齐的毛发，分为上睑睫毛和下睑睫毛，上睑睫毛比下睑睫毛长且密。它们排列呈半弧形，可衬托显示眼睛的轮廓。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左半身" englishName="Left_half_body" path="Ren_NEW/SM_PiFu/SM_Left_half_body" tip="皮肤由表皮、真皮和皮下组织构成，还包含毛发、汗腺、皮脂腺、指(趾)甲等附属结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右眼睫毛" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_PiFu/SM_Right_Eyelashes" tip="睫毛是生长于睑弦的排列整齐的毛发，分为上睑睫毛和下睑睫毛，上睑睫毛比下睑睫毛长且密。它们排列呈半弧形，可衬托显示眼睛的轮廓。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右半身" englishName="Right_half_body" path="Ren_NEW/SM_PiFu/SM_Right_half_body" tip="皮肤由表皮、真皮和皮下组织构成，还包含毛发、汗腺、皮脂腺、指(趾)甲等附属结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<!--<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>-->
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="动脉" icon="整体结构-dongmai.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="主动脉弓及其分支" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="主动脉弓" englishName="Aortic arch" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_aortic_arch" tip="主动脉弓是升主动脉的延续，起自升主动脉的末端，于胸骨柄后方，约平第 4 胸椎体下缘处，呈弓形向左后方弯曲，移行为降主动脉。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头臂干" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头臂干(无名动脉)" englishName="Brachiocephalic trunk (innominate artery)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk1" tip="头臂干又称无名动脉，是主动脉弓的第一个分支。它起源于主动脉弓的右侧，在胸骨柄后方，从右向左斜行向上，至右胸锁关节后方分为右颈总动脉和右锁骨下动脉。
|
||
血液供应">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右颈总动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈总动脉" englishName="Common carotid.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_common_carotid_artery" tip="颈总动脉：是头颈部的动脉主干。
|
||
左颈总动脉起自主动脉弓，右颈总动脉起自头臂干。两侧的颈总动脉均经胸锁关节后方沿食管、气管和喉的外侧上行，至甲状软骨上缘高度，分为颈内动脉和颈外动脉。
|
||
颈总动脉上段位置表浅，在活体上可摸到其搏动。当头面部大出血时，在胸锁乳突肌前缘，平环状软骨弓的侧方，向后内将动脉压向后内方的第6颈椎横突上，进行急救止血。
|
||
在颈总动脉分杈处及附近有颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球两个重要结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈外动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery" tip="" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈外动脉" englishName="External carotid.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_external_carotid_artery" tip="颈外动脉：颈总动脉两终支之一。
|
||
初居颈内动脉的前内侧，后经其前方转至外侧，上行穿腮腺至下颌颈处分为颞浅动脉和上颌动脉两终支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧面动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_facial_artery" tip="">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧内眦动脉" englishName="Anqular.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_facial_artery/SM_angular_artery" tip="面动脉行程迂曲，斜向前上行，经口角和鼻翼外侧至内眦，改称内眦动脉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面动脉" englishName="Facial,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_facial_artery/SM_facial_artery" tip="面动脉：约平下颌角处起始，向前经下颌下腺深面，于咬肌止点前缘绕过下颌骨下缘至面部，沿口角及鼻翼的外侧迂曲上行至内眦，易名为内眦动脉。
|
||
面动脉分支布于下颌下腺、面部和腭扁桃体等。面动脉在咬肌前缘绕下颌骨下缘处位置表浅，在活体可摸到其搏动，面部出血时可在该处压迫止血。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下唇动脉" englishName="Inferior labial.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_facial_artery/SM_inferior_labial_artery" tip="下唇动脉：下唇动脉的起始部位有2种类型：一种是在口角水平下起于面动脉面段主干，然后向上内斜行至下唇，占48.3%；另一种是在口角水平起于上唇动脉，向下弯绕过口角，再水平行向下唇，占20%。
|
||
下唇动脉穿越肌层，走行于粘膜与肌层之间，到达下唇后发出2-3支，其分支走形基本是与下唇平行并在下唇中部与对侧同名动脉和颏下动脉吻合。但下唇动脉具有缺失率高、起始部位及走行变化大的特点。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颏下动脉" englishName="Submental,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_facial_artery/SM_submental_artery" tip="颏下动脉：是面动脉的恒定分支，其起点距颈外动脉的始点5-6.5cm，起始处外径为1.6mm。
|
||
它走行于下颌下腺内侧的沟内，内侧为肩胛舌骨肌，上方为下颌骨下缘，终止于二腹肌前腹。颏下动脉主干全长为4.3cm，供血范围包括同侧颌下区和部分下唇、颏部。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上唇动脉" englishName="Superior R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_facial_artery/SM_superior_labial_artery" tip="上唇动脉：起自面动脉。
|
||
在上唇的粘膜层与口轮匝肌之间和对侧吻合，供应上唇，外鼻下段，鼻前庭和鼻中隔前段。有时为鼻中隔前下方鼻出血的主要来源，严重者须行上唇动脉结扎术。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌动脉" englishName="Lingual,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_lingual_artery" tip="舌动脉：平舌骨大角处发自颈外动脉的前方，行向前内方入舌">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧脑膜副支" englishName="Accessory meningeal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_accessory_meningeal_branch" tip="脑膜副支：上颌动脉第一段供应硬脑膜的细小分支。
|
||
出现率约为50%，发自上颌动脉第一段的上壁，经卵圆孔入颅分布于硬脑膜。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞深前动脉" englishName="Anterior deep temporal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_anterior_deep_temporal_artery" tip="颞深前动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应颞肌和颅骨前部的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第二段的上内侧壁，于颞肌与颅骨之间行向上，分布于颞肌和邻近颅骨。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧脑膜前动脉" englishName="Anterior meningeal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_anterior_meningeal_artery" tip="脑膜前动脉：为眼动脉的筛前动脉分支，供给硬脑膜前部的血液。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颊动脉" englishName="Buccal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_buccal_artery" tip="颊动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应颊的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉的下壁，沿颊肌上缘前行，分布于颊肌及邻近表情">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颏动脉" audio="YinPin1489/颏动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Mental,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_descending_palatine_artery" tip="颏动脉：下牙槽动脉经颏孔穿出的分支。
|
||
分布至颏孔邻近组织。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭大动脉" englishName="Greater palatine,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_greater_palatine_artery" tip="腭大动脉：腭降动脉供应硬腭部的分支。
|
||
在翼腭管内发自腭降动脉，下行经腭大孔穿出，转向前分布至硬腭前部的黏膜及牙龈">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧下牙槽动脉" audio="YinPin1489/下牙槽动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior alveolar,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_inferior_alveolar_artery" tip="下牙槽动脉：上颌动脉第一段供应下颌牙齿及齿龈的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第一段的下壁，与下牙槽神经伴行，经下颌孔进入下颌骨内，分布至下颌牙齿和齿龈">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧眶下动脉" englishName="Infraorbital,R" audio="YinPin1489/眶下动脉，右.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_infraorbital_artery" tip="眶下动脉：上颌动脉的直接延续，经眶下裂、眶下沟和眶下管，与眶下神经伴行入眶，末梢经眶下孔至面部。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼外肌支" audio="YinPin1489/翼外肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral pterygoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_lateral_pterygoid_branch" tip="翼外肌支：上颌动脉第二段供应翼外肌的分支。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭小动脉" audio="YinPin1489/腭小动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Lesser palatine,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_lesser_palatine_artery" tip="腭小动脉：腭降动脉供应软腭的分支。
|
||
在翼腭管内发自腭降动脉，下行经腭小孔穿出，转向后分布至软腭及扁桃体">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咬肌动脉" audio="YinPin1489/咬肌动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Masseteric,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_masseteric_artery" tip="咬肌动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应咬肌的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第二段的上壁，经下颌切迹向外分布至咬肌。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌动脉" audio="YinPin1489/上颌动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Maxillary,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_maxillary_artery" tip="上颌动脉：经下颌颈深面入颞下窝，在翼内、外肌之间行向前内至翼腭窝，沿途分支至外耳道、鼓室、牙及牙龈、鼻腔、腭、咀嚼肌、硬脑膜等处。
|
||
其中分布于硬脑膜者称脑膜中动脉，在下颌颈深面发出，向上穿棘孔进入颅腔，分为前、后两支，紧贴颅骨内面走行，分布于颅骨和硬脑膜。前支行经颅骨翼点内面，当颞部骨折时易受损伤，可引起硬膜外血肿。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼内肌支" audio="YinPin1489/翼内肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Medial pterygoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_medial_pterygoid_branch" tip="翼内肌支：上颌动脉第二段供应翼内肌的分支。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧脑膜中动脉" audio="YinPin1489/脑膜中动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Middle meningeal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_middle_meningeal_artery" tip="脑膜中动脉：上颌动脉第一段供应硬脑膜的主要分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第一段的上壁，上行经棘孔入颅，分布至硬脑膜">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌舌骨肌支" audio="YinPin1489/下颌舌骨肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Mylohyoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_mylohyoid_branch" tip="起点:下颌体内面，颌舌线
|
||
止点:下颌舌骨肌缝、舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:拉舌骨向前上
|
||
神经支配:下颌舌骨肌神经(三叉神经)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/咽动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Pharyngeal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_pharyngeal_artery" tip="咽动脉：上颌动脉第三段供应上腭的分支。
|
||
在翼腭窝内发自上颌动脉的下壁，进入翼腭管，在管内分为腭大动脉和腭小动脉，分别经腭大孔和腭小孔穿出，分布至上腭.">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞深后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞深后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior deep temporal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_deep_temporal_artery" tip="颞深后动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应颞肌和颅骨后部的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第二段的上内侧壁，于颞肌与颅骨之间行向后上，分布于颞肌和颅骨。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻后外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/鼻背动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior lateral nasal branches,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_lateral_posterior_nasal_artery" tip="鼻后外侧动脉：蝶腭动脉供应鼻外侧壁的分支。
|
||
在蝶腭动脉穿出蝶腭孔后发出，一般为3支，沿鼻腔侧壁前行，分布于鼻腔外侧壁的鼻甲与鼻道">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧脑膜后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/脑膜后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior meningeal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_meningeal_artery" tip="脑膜后动脉：咽升动脉的终末分支。
|
||
通过颈静脉孔到达颅后窝">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧蝶腭动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/蝶腭动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Sphenopalatine,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_sphenopalatine_artery" tip="蝶腭动脉：供应鼻腔内结构的上颌动脉终末分支。
|
||
在翼腭窝内发自上颌动脉第三段的上壁，前行经蝶腭孔即翼腭孔入鼻腔，分数支分布至鼻甲，鼻道，鼻旁窦及鼻中隔。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧上牙槽后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上牙槽后动脉。右.mp3" englishName="Posterior superior alveolar artery,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_superior_alveolar_artery" tip="上牙槽后动脉：上颌动脉第三段供应上颌牙的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉的下壁，常为2-3支，经上颌骨后面进入上颌骨，分布至上颌牙和牙龈。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼管动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/翼管动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Artery of pterygoid canal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_Right_maxillary_artery/SM_artery_of_pterygoid_canal" tip="翼管动脉：上颌动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
经翼管至咽腔上部，供应咽腔上部结构及咽鼓管等。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧枕动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/枕动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Occipital,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_occipital_artery" tip="枕动脉：与面动脉的起点相对，在乳突根部的内侧向后行至枕部">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name=" 右侧耳后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/耳后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior auricular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_posterior_auricular_artery" tip="耳后动脉：起自颈外动脉后壁，发出部位大都低于或平乳突尖。
|
||
该支动脉的分支有耳后支和枕支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颞浅动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅动脉耳前支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅动脉耳前支，右.mp3" englishName="Superficial temporal,anterior auricular branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_anterior_auricular_branch_of_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉耳前支：颞浅动脉供应耳部结构的分支。
|
||
常为1-2支，分布至耳郭前外侧面和外耳道。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅动脉额支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅动脉额支，右.mp3" englishName="Superficial temporal,frontal branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_frontal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉额支：颞浅动脉的两终支之一。
|
||
于颧弓后端发自颞浅动脉，行向前上，分布至眼轮匝肌、额肌、帽状腱膜及额部皮肤等。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅动脉顶支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅动脉顶支，右.mp3" englishName="Superficial temporal,parietal branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_parietal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉顶支：颞浅动脉的两终支之一。
|
||
于颧弓后端发自颞浅动脉，沿颞筋膜表面行向后上，分布于顶部的帽状腱膜及头皮等结构。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superfical temporal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉：在外耳门前方上行，越颧弓根部至颞部皮下，分支布于腮腺和额、颞、顶部的软组织。
|
||
活体上，在外耳门的前上方、颧弓的根部可摸到颞浅动脉搏动，头皮前部出血时可在此处压迫止血。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面横动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/面横动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Transverse facial,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_transverse_facial_artery" tip="面横动脉：颞浅动脉供应面部的分支。
|
||
在腮腺和颧弓之间发自颞浅动脉的前壁，沿咬肌表面前行，营养腮腺和邻近的表情肌">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颧眶动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颧眶动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticoorbital,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_zygomaticoorbital_artery" tip="颧眶动脉：颞浅动脉供应眼外眦部结构的分支。
|
||
发自颞浅动脉的前壁，沿颧弓上缘前行至眼外眦，分布至眼轮匝肌">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧甲状腺上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/甲状腺上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior thyroid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_external_carotid_artery/SM_superior_thyroid_artery" tip="甲状腺上动脉：颈外动脉的第一分支。
|
||
起自颈外动脉的起始处，行向前下方，分布到甲状腺上部和喉">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈内动脉分支" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑前动脉" englishName="" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑前动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑前动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior cerebral segment,R" tip="大脑前动脉：在视神经上方向前内行，进入大脑纵裂，与对侧的同名动脉借前交通动脉相连，然后沿胼胝体沟向后行。
|
||
皮质支分布于顶枕沟以前的半球内侧面、额叶底面的一部分和额、顶两叶上外侧面的上部；中央支自大脑前动脉的近侧段发出，经前穿质入脑实质，供应尾状核、豆状核前部和内囊前肢。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额叶前内侧支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/额叶前内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="Anteromedial frontal branch,R" tip="额叶前内侧支：胼胝体缘动脉供应大脑额叶内侧面前部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_medial_frontal_branch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胼胝体缘动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胼胝体缘动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Callosomarginal,R" tip="胼胝体缘动脉：大脑前动脉行于大脑半球内侧面扣带沟内的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_callosomarginal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="扣带支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/扣带支，右.mp3" englishName="Cingular branch,R" tip="扣带支：胼胝体缘动脉供应扣带回的较小分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_cingulate_branch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额极动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/额极动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Polar frontal,R" tip="额极动脉：约在胼胝体膝部附近从大脑前动脉膝段发出，发出后沿额底沟行向前上至额极。
|
||
供应额叶前部和额极内、外侧面" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_frontopolar_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额叶底内侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/额叶底内侧动脉，右.mp3" englishName="medial orbital frontal artery,R" tip="额叶底内侧动脉：约在大脑前动脉上行段的起始部位，距前交通动脉4-10mm处，由大脑前动脉发出，或与额极动脉共干。
|
||
它越额叶眶面，分支供应直回、嗅叶以及眶回内侧部分。在眶回外侧部与大脑中动脉的眶额动脉吻合。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_medial_orbital_frontal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额叶中内侧支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/额叶中内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="Intermediomedial frontal branch,R" tip="额叶中内侧支：胼胝体缘动脉供应大脑额叶内侧面后部的分支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_middle_medial_frontal_branch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="旁中央动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旁中央动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Paracentral branches,R" tip="旁中央动脉：胼胝体缘动脉供应旁中央小叶的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_paracentral_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胼胝体周围动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胼胝体周围动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Pericallosal,R" tip="胼周动脉：系大脑前动脉主干在胼胝体沟内行走的一段而言，即胼周段，因其全程行于胼胝体周边故名。
|
||
由于此动脉较恒定地位于胼胝体沟内，故该动脉成为胼胝体上缘和扣带回下缘的良好定位标志。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_pericallosal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额叶后内侧支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/额叶后内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="Posteromedial frontal branch,R" tip="额叶后内侧支：胼胝体缘动脉供应大脑额叶内侧面后部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_medial_frontal_branch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="楔前动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/楔前动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Precuneal branches,R" tip="楔前动脉：通常为大脑后动脉主干的直接延续。
|
||
大脑前动脉的主干-胼周动脉，行至胼胝体压部的稍前方，便近乎直角弯曲向上，移行为楔前动脉。此动脉通常经顶下沟至楔前叶，然后越过半球上缘，至大脑半球背外面的顶上小叶，并没入顶间沟。
|
||
楔前动脉供应区为扣带回上部的一部分、楔前叶前2/3、顶上小叶及顶下小叶上缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_precuneal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="前交通动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/前交通动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior communicating,R" tip="前交通动脉：大脑动脉环前部的一段，连接左、右大脑前动脉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_anterior_communicating_arteryR" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑中动脉" englishName="" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="角回动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/角回动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Artery of angular gyrus,R" tip="角回动脉：为单干型的终支动脉，是大脑中动脉皮质中最恒定的一支。
|
||
从主干发出后先在大脑外侧沟深面行走一段，然后浅出沿颞上沟后行，越过角回至顶间沟后部。此动脉分布于角回及顶上小叶后部的下缘，有时伸展至顶枕沟外侧端。
|
||
通常，角回动脉浅出前是颞平面后界的定位标志，浅出的起始处是大脑外侧沟末端与缘上回的标志。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_angular_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="中央沟动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/中央沟动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Artery of central sulcus,R" tip="中央沟动脉：主要沿中央沟或其前、后缘行进，发小支布于中央前、后回的3/4" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_central_sulcus_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中央后沟动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/中央后沟动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Artery of postcentral sulcus,R" tip="中央后沟动脉：沿中央后沟走行，布于中央后沟下部及缘上回" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_central_sulcus_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中央前沟动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/中央前沟动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Artery of precentral sulcus,R" tip="中央前沟动脉：多为2支，沿中央前沟或其前方上行，布于中央前回前部、额中后回部及额下回岛盖部的后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_central_sulcus_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑中动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑中动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Middle cerebral,R" tip="大脑中动脉：可视为颈内动脉的直接延续，向外行进入外侧沟内，分为数支皮质支，营养大脑半球上外侧面的大部分和岛叶，其中包括躯体运动中枢、躯体感觉中枢和语言中枢。
|
||
若该动脉发生阻塞，将出现严重的功能障碍。大脑中动脉途经前穿质时，发出一些细小的中央支，又称豆纹动脉，垂直向上进入脑实质，营养尾状核、豆状核、内囊膝和后肢的前部。
|
||
豆纹动脉行程呈“S”形弯曲，因血流动力学关系，在高血压动脉硬化时容易破裂（故又名出血动脉）而导致脑溢血，出现严重的功能障碍" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_middle_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="额前动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/额前动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Prefrontal (pre-Rolandic),R" tip="眶额动脉从外侧沟动脉上干或总干发出，经大脑外侧沟深面浅出，向前上方行走，在大脑外侧沟的前升支与前水平支附近分为前、后两支。
|
||
前支沿大脑外侧沟水平支向前，分布至眶部外侧半。后支及额前动脉，沿大脑外侧沟前升支上行并分为2-3支，由于形如烛台，故又称烛台样动脉。
|
||
此动脉分布于三角部、盖部及额中回后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_frontal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞叶前动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞叶前动脉，右.mp3" englishName="anterior temporal artery,R" tip="颞叶前动脉：多在大脑中动脉主干进入大脑外侧沟以前发出，绕至颞极及颞叶凸面，分若干细支分别向前、向下或向后，供应颞极及颞上、中、下回前部。
|
||
其中向前达颞极的动脉，有人又称为颞极动脉。颞极动脉供应颞极，并与大脑后动脉的分支共同供应海马回钩。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_temporal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="眶额外侧动脉" englishName="lateral orbital frontal artery,R" tip="从大脑中动脉上干或总干发出，先向上后方行，分为前后两支。前支沿水平支向前，后支沿前升支上行分为 2-3 支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_lateral_orbital_frontal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞叶中动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞叶中动脉，右.mp3" englishName="middle temporal artery,R" tip="颞叶中动脉：大脑中动脉供应颞叶上面中部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_middle_temporal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧顶叶后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/顶叶后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="posterior parietal artery,R" tip="顶叶后动脉：又称缘上回动脉。
|
||
此动脉通常为双干行上干的终支，经大脑外侧沟深面浅出，沿大脑外侧沟的后支上行，越缘上回没入顶间沟。供应缘上回及顶上小叶下缘皮质。
|
||
可借助此动脉作缘上回定位。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_parietal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颞叶后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞叶后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="posterior temporal artery,R" tip="颞叶后动脉：从侧沟动脉下干发出，经大脑外侧沟深面，在大脑外侧沟后端浅出，越过颞上回向后。
|
||
主要供应颞上回后部以及颞中回和颞下回后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_temporal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼动脉" englishName="" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧视网膜中央动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/视网膜中央动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Central retinal,R" tip="视网膜中央动脉：先在视神经下面前行，然后向上穿视神经，行走于视神经中央，经视神经盘穿出，分成4支，即视网膜内侧上、下和外侧上、下动脉，它们分别供应视网膜鼻侧上、下和颞侧上、下的4个扇形区的视网膜内层，但黄斑的中央凹无血管分部。
|
||
视网膜中央动脉是人体内唯一能被直接观察到的动脉，通过检查眼底视网膜血管的情况，对于了解某些疾病如高血压、动脉硬化、糖尿病等具有重要意义。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_central_retinal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻背动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/鼻背动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Dorsal nasal,R" tip="鼻背动脉：为颈内动脉的眼动脉的终支，经内眦韧带出眼眶，与内眦动脉吻合，分布于鼻背。
|
||
临床上做鼻侧切口时，此处较易出血。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_dorsal_nasal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下睑动脉弓" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下睑动脉弓，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior palpebral arterial arch,R" tip="下睑动脉弓：睑内侧动脉与泪腺动脉的分支在下睑内交通吻合形成的动脉弓。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_inferior_labial_arterial_arch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧泪腺动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/泪腺动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Lacrimal,R" tip="泪腺动脉：眼动脉供应泪腺的分支。
|
||
在视神经管出口处发自眼动脉，伴泪腺神经沿外直肌上缘至泪腺。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_lacrimal_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下睑外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下睑外侧动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior lateral palpebral,R" tip="下睑外侧动脉：眼动脉供应下睑外侧部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_lateral_inferior_labial_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上睑外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上睑外侧动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior lateral palpebral,R" tip="上睑外侧动脉：眼动脉供应上睑外侧部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_lateral_superior_palpebral_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下睑内侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下睑内侧动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior medial palpebral,R" tip="下睑内侧动脉：眼动脉供应下睑内侧部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_medial_inferior_labial_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上睑内侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上睑内侧动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior medial palpebral,R" tip="上睑内侧动脉：眼动脉供应上睑内侧部的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_medial_superior_palpebral_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眼动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Ophthalmic,R" tip="眼动脉：眼球和眶内结构的血液供应主要来自眼动脉。
|
||
当颈内动脉穿出海绵窦后，在前床突的内侧发出眼动脉。眼动脉在视神经的下方经视神经管入眶，先居视神经的下外侧，再经视神经的上方与上直肌之间至眶内侧，向前行于上斜肌和上直肌之间，终支出眶，终于额动脉。
|
||
在行程中眼动脉发出分支供应眼球、眼球外肌、泪腺和眼睑。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_ophthalmic_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧睫后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/睫后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior ciliary,R" tip="睫后动脉：眼动脉的分支。
|
||
即：睫后长动脉，常为6-12支，穿入眼球壁，分部至脉络膜和睫状突；睫后短动脉，常为2支，分部至眼肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_posterior_ciliary_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上睑动脉弓" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上睑动脉弓，右.mp3" englishName="Superior palpebral arterial arch,R" tip="上睑动脉弓：睑内、外侧动脉在上睑内吻合形成动脉弓。
|
||
常为平行的双弓，分别位于睑板的上缘和游离缘" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_superior_palpebral_arterial_arch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眶上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眶上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Supraorbital,R" tip="眶上动脉：眼动脉的直接延续。
|
||
经矿上切迹出眶分布至眼轮匝肌、额窦及额部皮肤" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_supraorbital_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧滑车上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/滑车上动脉，右 .mp3" englishName="Supratrochlear,R" tip="滑车上动脉：眼动脉的分支。
|
||
供应额部内侧份的肌、额骨及皮肤，与位于其外侧的眶上动脉构成吻合" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_Right_ophthalmic_artery/SM_supratrochlear_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="后交通动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/后交通动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior communicating,R" tip="后交通动脉：大脑动脉环的一部分。
|
||
连结大脑后动脉和大脑中动脉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_branches_of_internal_carotid_artery/SM_posterior_communicating_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈内动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体下动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/垂体下动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior hypophysial，R" tip="垂体下动脉:颈内动脉供应垂体的较小分支。
|
||
由颈内动脉的海绵窦部发出，在垂体的后方与对侧同名动脉吻合，分布至垂体" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_inferior_hypophyseal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内动脉海绵窦部" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈内动脉海绵窦部，右.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,cavernous part，R" tip="颈内动脉海绵窦部：在后床突附近入海绵窦，稍上升后转为近水平位沿蝶骨体两侧的颈动脉沟呈“S”形前行，达前床突后沿前床突内侧的凹沟弯转向上，移行为前膝段。
|
||
该段的特点是：在海绵窦内紧贴内侧的蝶窦侧壁，外侧与穿经海绵窦的动眼神经、滑车神经、三叉神经和展神经关系密切。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_cavernous_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内动脉大脑部" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈内动脉大脑部，右.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,cerebral part，R" tip="颈内动脉大脑部：在前床突内侧续于海绵窦部，由前向后行走至蛛网膜下腔，在视交叉外侧前穿支下方分为大脑前、中动脉。
|
||
一般把此部与海绵窦部合称为颈内动脉虹吸部，此处形成迂曲，对减缓脑动脉搏动、缓冲脑动脉血压有一定作用，在脑血液循环调节中，虹吸部有“闸门”机制。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_cerebral_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内动脉颈部" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈内动脉颈部，右.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,cervical part，R" tip="颈内动脉颈部：颈段又称颅外段，自颈总动脉分叉处至颅底，为颈内动脉各段中最长的一段。
|
||
颈内动脉先在颈外动脉的后外侧上行，后转至颈外动脉的后内侧沿咽侧壁达颅底。其特点是：（1）颅外段无分支；（2）起始部有颈动脉窦，为压力感受器；（3）位置深而难以触及。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_cervical_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内动脉岩部" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈内动脉岩部，右.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,petrous part，R" tip="颈内动脉岩部：在颞骨岩部的颈动脉管内走行，先向上，后弯向前内，在颈动脉管内口处，隔着硬脑膜与三叉神经节紧邻。
|
||
此段的特点是：全程大部行于骨性管道内，在入海绵窦处较为狭窄，并与咽鼓管和鼓室紧邻" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_petrous_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/垂体上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior hypophysial，R" tip="垂体上动脉:由颈内动脉的海绵窦部发出，在垂体的前方与对侧同名动脉吻合，颈内动脉供应垂体的较小分支。
|
||
分布至垂体。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_Right_common_carotid_artery/SM_right_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_superior_hypophyseal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右锁骨下动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右腋动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸肩峰动脉肩峰支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸肩峰动脉肩峰支，右.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial,acromial branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_acromial_branch_of_thoraco_acromial_artery" tip="胸肩峰动脉肩峰支：胸肩峰动脉的分支之一。
|
||
行向肩峰，参与肩峰网的形成。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧旋肱前动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旋肱前动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Circumflex humeral,anterior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_anterior_humeral_circumflex_artery" tip="旋肱前动脉：腋动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
绕肱骨外科颈前面分布至邻近肌、骨膜和肩关节囊。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腋动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/腋动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Axillary,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_axillary_artery" tip="腋动脉：锁骨下动脉的延续。
|
||
从第一肋的外侧缘至大圆肌的下缘，以胸小肌为界分为3段。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧旋肩胛动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旋肩胛动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Circumflex scapular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_circumflex_scapular_artery" tip="旋肩胛动脉：肩胛下动脉的终支之一。
|
||
穿三边孔至肩背部，分布至邻近肌肉。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸肩峰动脉三角肌支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸肩峰动脉三脚肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial,deltoid branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_deltoid_branch_of_thoraco_acromial_artery" tip="胸肩峰动脉三角肌支是人体血液循环系统中较为细小但功能重要的一支血管">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸外侧动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral thoracic,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_lateral_thoracic_artery" tip="胸外侧动脉：约69%起自于腋动脉第二段，较少起于第三段，有的与腋动脉的其他分支共干。
|
||
该动脉发出后在胸小肌后面下行，分柘于前锯肌和胸大、小肌，在女性有分支至乳房。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸肩峰动脉胸肌支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸肩峰动脉胸肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial,pectoral branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_pectoral_branch_of_thoraco_acromial_artery" tip="胸肩峰动脉是腋动脉的分支，胸肌支从胸肩峰动脉发出后，通常走行于胸大肌和胸小肌之间的筋膜内，或沿着胸大肌的深面下行，部分分支还会深入到胸小肌的实质内。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧旋肱后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旋肱后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Circumflex humeral,posterior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_posterior_humeral_circumflex_artery" tip="旋肱后动脉：腋动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
伴腋神经穿四边孔，绕肱骨外科颈至三角肌和肩关节等处，并与旋肱前动脉吻合。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肩胛下动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肩胛下动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Subscapular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_subscapular_artery" tip="肩胛下动脉：腋动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
沿腋窝后壁下行，分为两个终支。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior thoracic，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_superior_thoracic_artery" tip="胸上动脉：锁骨下动脉第一段的分支。
|
||
较小，分布至胸前壁上部结构。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸肩峰动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸肩峰动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial trunk,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_axillary_artery/SM_thoraco_acromial_artery" tip="胸肩峰动脉：为一短干，约65%起自腋动脉第一段，35%起自第二段。
|
||
该动脉发出后穿锁胸筋膜，分为肩峰支、三角肌支、胸肌支和锁骨支，并分布于同名区域。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右锁骨下动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈升动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈升动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Ascending cervical,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_ascending_cervical_artery" tip="颈升动脉：甲状腺下动脉的分支。
|
||
在颈深部肌内上行，分布至颈深肌、脊髓和颈椎体等。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肋颈干" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肋颈干，右.mp3" englishName="Costocervical trunk,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_costocervical_trunk" tip="肋颈干：起自锁骨下动脉第1或第2段，经胸膜顶上方弓形向后至第1肋颈处分为颈深动脉和最上肋间动脉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈深动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈深动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Deep cervical,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_deep_cervical_artery" tip="颈深动脉：由肋颈干发出的动脉，上行至颈背部，行向头半棘肌，供应邻近肌肉。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛背动脉(颈横动脉深支)" audio="YinPin1489/肩胛背动脉（颈横动脉深支），左.mp3" englishName="Dorsal scapular(transverse scapular,deep branch),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_dorsal_scapular_artery" tip="肩胛背动脉通常起自锁骨下动脉的第三段，也有部分人起自颈横动脉。
|
||
它从起始处向后走行，穿过斜角肌间隙，继而沿着肩胛骨的内侧缘下行，在菱形肌和肩胛提肌的深面分布。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第一肋间后动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/第一肋间后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="First posterior intercostal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_first_posterior_intercostal_artery" tip="第一肋间后动脉：发自肋间最上动脉，分布至第一肋间隙的动脉">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状腺下动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/甲状腺下动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior thyroid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_inferior_thyroid_artery" tip="甲状腺下动脉：为锁骨下动脉的甲状颈干的分支，沿前斜角肌内侧缘上行到第6颈椎水平，再弓形弯向内下，经颈动脉鞘深面至甲状腺侧叶后面，分为数支入甲状腺，供应其下1/3部。
|
||
该动脉在甲状腺侧叶下极的后方与喉返神经相交叉。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸廓内动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸廓内动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Internal thoracic (mammary),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_internal_thoracic_artery" tip="胸廓内动脉：起于锁骨下动脉的下面，椎动脉起点的相对侧，向下入胸腔，沿第1-6肋软骨后面(距胸骨外侧缘约lcm)下降，分支布于胸前壁、心包、膈和乳房等处。
|
||
胸廓内动脉行至第6肋间隙发出两终支，其中较大的终支为腹壁上动脉。该动脉为胸廓内动脉的直接延续，穿膈进入腹直肌鞘，在腹直肌的深面下行，到脐附近与腹壁下动脉吻合，分支营养腹直肌和腹膜。
|
||
胸廓内动脉的另一终支为肌膈动脉，行于第7-9肋软骨后面，穿膈后终于最下两个肋间隙，分支布于下五个肋间隙前部、腹壁诸肌及膈。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第二后肋间动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/第二肋间后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Second posterior intercostal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_second_posterior_intercostal_artery" tip="第二肋间后动脉：发自肋间最上动脉，分布至第二肋间隙的动脉">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/锁骨下动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Subclavian,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_subclavian_artery" tip="锁骨下动脉：左锁骨下动脉起自主动脉弓，右锁骨下动脉起自头臂干，均经胸锁关节的后方斜向外行至颈根部，呈弓状经胸膜顶前方，穿斜角肌间隙，至第1肋外侧缘续为腋动脉。
|
||
上肢出血时，可于锁骨中点上方的锁骨上窝处向后下压迫，将该动脉压向第一肋骨进行止血。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈横动脉浅支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈横动脉浅支，右.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical,superficial branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_superficial_branch_of_transverse_cervical_artery" tip="颈横动脉浅支：由颈横动脉发出的一个分支，在斜角肌深面伴副神经下行。
|
||
此动脉若发自甲状颈干，则称颈浅动脉。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肩胛上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Suprascapular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_suprascapular_artery" tip="肩胛上动脉：又称肩胛横动脉。
|
||
甲状颈干的分支。越过臂丛和锁骨下动脉的上方行向上外，经肩胛上横韧带上方至冈上窝。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肋间最上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肋间最上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Supreme intercostal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_supreme_intercostal_artery" tip="肋间最上动脉:发自肋颈干，随即分为两支，分布至第一、二肋间隙的动脉">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状颈干" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/甲状颈干，右.mp3" englishName="Thyrocervical trunk,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_thyrocervical_trunk" tip="甲状颈干：为一条短而粗的动脉干，其主要分支有甲状腺下动脉。
|
||
该动脉向上内横过颈总动脉的后方，分布到甲状腺等。主要分支有：甲状腺下动脉，肩胛上动脉，肋颈干，肩胛背动脉。
|
||
分支分布：甲状腺，咽和食管，喉和气管以及肩部肌，脊髓及其被摸等处">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈横动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈横动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_transverse_cervical_artery" tip="颈横动脉：往往与甲状腺下动脉共干或单独发自锁骨下动脉第三段，其行程与肩胛上动脉相似，穿过臂丛向后，布于菱形肌周围。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧椎基底动脉 " englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery" >
|
||
<Body name="小脑后下动脉 " englishName="Posterior inferior cerebellar artery" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_posterior_inferior_cerebellar_artery" tip="通常起自椎动脉颅内段，在延髓橄榄体与小脑下脚之间向后上方走行，形成一个明显的襻，然后再分支分布于小脑和延髓。其分支为延髓背外侧部提供血液，该区域包含了许多重要的神经核团和传导束，如三叉神经脊束核、疑核、孤束核以及脊髓丘脑束等，这些结构与感觉传导、吞咽、呼吸以及心血管调节等功能密切相关。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧基底动脉 " englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery" >
|
||
<Body name="小脑前下动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/小脑下前动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior inferior cerebellar,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_anterior_inferior_cerebellar_artery" tip="小脑下前动脉：自基底动脉起始段发出，经展神经、面神经和前庭蜗神经的腹侧达小脑下面，供应小脑下面的前部。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="基底动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/基底动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Basilar,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_basilar_artery" tip="基底动脉：左、右椎动脉合并而成的动脉。
|
||
位于脑桥腹侧面的基底沟内。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="脑桥动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/脑桥动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Pontine,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_pontine_artery" tip="脑桥动脉：为一些细小分支，供应脑桥基底部。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑后动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_Right_posterior_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
<Body name="距状沟支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/距状沟支，右.mp3" englishName="Calcarine branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_Right_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_calcarine_branch" tip="距状沟支也是大脑后动脉的一个终支，此动脉有较大的重要性，因为它分布于视觉区(距状沟两侧皮质)。
|
||
这支动脉也伸展到大脑半球外侧面，供应颞下回、外侧枕区的一部分及顶上小叶的大部分。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胼胝体背侧支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胼胝体背侧支，右.mp3" englishName="Dorsal callosal branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_Right_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_dorsal_corpus_callosum_branch" tip="胼胝体背侧动脉：亦称胼胝体压部动脉，起源于大脑后动脉或顶枕分支，于脉络膜后外动脉的后方，向上、向前走行，绕胼胝体压部与大脑前动脉的胼周动脉吻合">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="顶枕支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/顶枕支，右.mp3" englishName="Parietoocipital branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_Right_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_parieto - occipital_branch" tip="顶枕动脉:是大脑后动脉的终支之一，沿顶枕沟的底部，行向上外，供应楔叶以及楔前叶的后部，并绕至大脑半球的背外侧面分布。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="大脑后动脉 " audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑后动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior cerebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_Right_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_cerebral_artery" tip="大脑后动脉：是基底动脉的终未分支，绕大脑脚向后，沿海马回钩转至额叶和枕叶内侧面。
|
||
皮质支分布于颞叶的内侧面和底面及枕叶，中央支由起始部发出，经脚间窝入脑实质，供应背侧丘脑、内外侧膝状体、下丘脑和底丘脑等。大脑后动脉起始部与小脑上动脉根部之间夹有动眼神经，当颅内高压时，海马旁回钩移至小脑幕切迹下方，使大脑后动脉向下移位，压迫并牵拉动眼神经，可导致动眼神经麻痹。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="小脑上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/小脑上动脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior cerebellar,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_Right_basilar_artery/SM_superior_cerebellar_artery" tip="小脑上动脉：基底动脉的分支。
|
||
起自基底动脉的末端，经小脑幕的下面分布至小脑的上面。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="椎动脉" audio="YinPin1489/椎动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Vertebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_brachiocephalic_trunk/SM_RINGHT_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_subclavian_artery/SM_Right_vertebral_basilar_artery/SM_vertebral_artery(Right)" tip="椎动脉：起于前斜角肌内侧，向上穿第6-l颈椎横突孔，经枕骨大孔入颅腔，分支布于脑与脊髓。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左颈总动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈总动脉" audio="YinPin1489/颈总动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Common carotid.L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_common_carotid_artery_DongMai" tip="颈总动脉：是头颈部的动脉主干。
|
||
左颈总动脉起自主动脉弓，右颈总动脉起自头臂干。两侧的颈总动脉均经胸锁关节后方沿食管、气管和喉的外侧上行，至甲状软骨上缘高度，分为颈内动脉和颈外动脉。
|
||
颈总动脉上段位置表浅，在活体上可摸到其搏动。当头面部大出血时，在胸锁乳突肌前缘，平环状软骨弓的侧方，向后内将动脉压向后内方的第6颈椎横突上，进行急救止血。
|
||
在颈总动脉分杈处及附近有颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球两个重要结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈外动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈外动脉" audio="YinPin1489/颈外动脉，左.mp3" englishName="External carotid.L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_external_carotid_artery" tip="颈外动脉：颈总动脉两终支之一。
|
||
初居颈内动脉的前内侧，后经其前方转至外侧，上行穿腮腺至下颌颈处分为颞浅动脉和上颌动脉两终支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_left_facial_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧内眦动脉" audio="YinPin1489/内眦动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anqular.L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_left_facial_artery/SM_angular_artery" tip="面动脉行程迂曲，斜向前上行，经口角和鼻翼外侧至内眦，改称内眦动脉。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面动脉" audio="YinPin1489/面动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Facial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_left_facial_artery/SM_facial_artery" tip="面动脉：约平下颌角处起始，向前经下颌下腺深面，于咬肌止点前缘绕过下颌骨下缘至面部，沿口角及鼻翼的外侧迂曲上行至内眦，易名为内眦动脉。
|
||
面动脉分支布于下颌下腺、面部和腭扁桃体等。面动脉在咬肌前缘绕下颌骨下缘处位置表浅，在活体可摸到其搏动，面部出血时可在该处压迫止血。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下唇动脉" audio="YinPin1489/下唇动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior labial.L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_left_facial_artery/SM_inferior_labial_artery" tip="下唇动脉：下唇动脉的起始部位有2种类型：一种是在口角水平下起于面动脉面段主干，然后向上内斜行至下唇，占48.3%；另一种是在口角水平起于上唇动脉，向下弯绕过口角，再水平行向下唇，占20%。
|
||
下唇动脉穿越肌层，走行于粘膜与肌层之间，到达下唇后发出2-3支，其分支走形基本是与下唇平行并在下唇中部与对侧同名动脉和颏下动脉吻合。但下唇动脉具有缺失率高、起始部位及走行变化大的特点。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏下动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颏下动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Submental,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_left_facial_artery/SM_submental_artery" tip="颏下动脉：是面动脉的恒定分支，其起点距颈外动脉的始点5-6.5cm，起始处外径为1.6mm。
|
||
它走行于下颌下腺内侧的沟内，内侧为肩胛舌骨肌，上方为下颌骨下缘，终止于二腹肌前腹。颏下动脉主干全长为4.3cm，供血范围包括同侧颌下区和部分下唇、颏部。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上唇动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/上唇动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superior L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_left_facial_artery/SM_superior_labial_artery" tip="上唇动脉：起自面动脉。
|
||
在上唇的粘膜层与口轮匝肌之间和对侧吻合，供应上唇，外鼻下段，鼻前庭和鼻中隔前段。有时为鼻中隔前下方鼻出血的主要来源，严重者须行上唇动脉结扎术。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/舌动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Lingual,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_lingual_artery" tip="舌动脉：平舌骨大角处发自颈外动脉的前方，行向前内方入舌">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上颌动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧脑膜副支 " audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/脑膜副支，左.mp3" englishName="Accessory meningeal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_accessory_meningeal_branch" tip="脑膜副支：上颌动脉第一段供应硬脑膜的细小分支。
|
||
出现率约为50%，发自上颌动脉第一段的上壁，经卵圆孔入颅分布于硬脑膜。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞深前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞深前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior deep temporal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_anterior_deep_temporal_artery" tip="颞深前动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应颞肌和颅骨前部的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第二段的上内侧壁，于颞肌与颅骨之间行向上，分布于颞肌和邻近颅骨。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧脑膜前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/脑膜前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior meningeal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_anterior_meningeal_artery" tip="脑膜前动脉：为眼动脉的筛前动脉分支，供给硬脑膜前部的血液。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼管动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/翼管动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Artery of pterygoid canal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_artery_of_pterygoid_canal" tip="翼管动脉是上颌内动脉远端的一个分支，也有部分人发自颈内动脉岩段。它走行于翼管内，该管位于蝶骨翼突和蝶骨体融合的交界处，连接翼腭窝和破裂孔。翼管动脉经翼管至咽腔上部。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颊动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颊动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Buccal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_buccal_artery" tip="颊动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应颊的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉的下壁，沿颊肌上缘前行，分布于颊肌及邻近表情">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭降动脉" englishName="Descending palatine,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_descending_palatine_artery" tip="腭降动脉起自上颌动脉，位于蝶腭动脉的外侧，在翼外肌的内侧、硬腭的黏膜下前行。它经翼腭管下降，在翼腭管的下端发出分支，分布于腭前部及磨牙区的黏膜和牙龈。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭大动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/腭大动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Greater palatine,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_greater_palatine_artery" tip="腭大动脉：腭降动脉供应硬腭部的分支。
|
||
在翼腭管内发自腭降动脉，下行经腭大孔穿出，转向前分布至硬腭前部的黏膜及牙龈">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下牙槽动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/下牙槽动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior alveolar,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_inferior_alveolar_artery" tip="下牙槽动脉：上颌动脉第一段供应下颌牙齿及齿龈的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第一段的下壁，与下牙槽神经伴行，经下颌孔进入下颌骨内，分布至下颌牙齿和齿龈">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眶下动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/眶下动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Infraorbital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_infraorbital_artery" tip="眶下动脉：上颌动脉的直接延续，经眶下裂、眶下沟和眶下管，与眶下神经伴行入眶，末梢经眶下孔至面部。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼外肌支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/翼外肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral pterygoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_lateral_pterygoid_branch" tip="翼外肌支：上颌动脉第二段供应翼外肌的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭小动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/腭小动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Lesser palatine,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_lesser_palatine_artery" tip="腭小动脉：腭降动脉供应软腭的分支。
|
||
在翼腭管内发自腭降动脉，下行经腭小孔穿出，转向后分布至软腭及扁桃体">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧咬肌动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/咬肌动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Masseteric,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_masseteric_artery" tip="咬肌动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应咬肌的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第二段的上壁，经下颌切迹向外分布至咬肌。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上颌动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/上颌动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Maxillary,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_maxillary_artery" tip="上颌动脉：经下颌颈深面入颞下窝，在翼内、外肌之间行向前内至翼腭窝，沿途分支至外耳道、鼓室、牙及牙龈、鼻腔、腭、咀嚼肌、硬脑膜等处。
|
||
其中分布于硬脑膜者称脑膜中动脉，在下颌颈深面发出，向上穿棘孔进入颅腔，分为前、后两支，紧贴颅骨内面走行，分布于颅骨和硬脑膜。前支行经颅骨翼点内面，当颞部骨折时易受损伤，可引起硬膜外血肿。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼内肌支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/翼内肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Medial pterygoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_medial_pterygoid_branch" tip="翼内肌支：上颌动脉第二段供应翼内肌的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颏动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Mental,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_mental_artery" tip="颏动脉：下牙槽动脉经颏孔穿出的分支。
|
||
分布至颏孔邻近组织。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧脑膜中动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/脑膜中动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Middle meningeal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_middle_meningeal_artery" tip="脑膜中动脉：上颌动脉第一段供应硬脑膜的主要分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第一段的上壁，上行经棘孔入颅，分布至硬脑膜">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌舌骨肌支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/下颌舌骨肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Mylohyoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_mylohyoid_branch" tip="起点:下颌体内面，颌舌线
|
||
止点:下颌舌骨肌缝、舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:拉舌骨向前上
|
||
神经支配:下颌舌骨肌神经(三叉神经)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/咽动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Pharyngeal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_pharyngeal_artery" tip="咽动脉：上颌动脉第三段供应上腭的分支。
|
||
在翼腭窝内发自上颌动脉的下壁，进入翼腭管，在管内分为腭大动脉和腭小动脉，分别经腭大孔和腭小孔穿出，分布至上腭.">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞深后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞深后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior deep temporal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_deep_temporal_artery" tip="颞深后动脉：上颌动脉第二段供应颞肌和颅骨后部的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉第二段的上内侧壁，于颞肌与颅骨之间行向后上，分布于颞肌和颅骨。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻后外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/鼻后外侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior lateral nasal branches,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_lateral_nasal_artery" tip="鼻后外侧动脉：蝶腭动脉供应鼻外侧壁的分支。
|
||
在蝶腭动脉穿出蝶腭孔后发出，一般为3支，沿鼻腔侧壁前行，分布于鼻腔外侧壁的鼻甲与鼻道">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧脑膜后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/脑膜后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior meningeal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_meningeal_artery" tip="脑膜后动脉：咽升动脉的终末分支。
|
||
通过颈静脉孔到达颅后窝">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上牙槽后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/上牙槽后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior superior alveolar artery,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_posterior_superior_alveolar_artery" tip="上牙槽后动脉：上颌动脉第三段供应上颌牙的分支。
|
||
发自上颌动脉的下壁，常为2-3支，经上颌骨后面进入上颌骨，分布至上颌牙和牙龈。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧蝶腭动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/蝶腭动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Sphenopalatine,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_maxillary_artery/SM_sphenopalatine_artery" tip="蝶腭动脉：供应鼻腔内结构的上颌动脉终末分支。
|
||
在翼腭窝内发自上颌动脉第三段的上壁，前行经蝶腭孔即翼腭孔入鼻腔，分数支分布至鼻甲，鼻道，鼻旁窦及鼻中隔。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧枕动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/枕动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Occipital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_occipital_artery" tip="枕动脉起自颈外动脉的后外侧壁，通常在面动脉和舌动脉起点的稍上方发出。
|
||
起始后向后上方走行，经二腹肌后腹深面进入枕部，在枕部皮下组织内分支分布。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧耳后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/耳后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior auricular,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_posterior_auricular_artery" tip="耳后动脉通常在腮腺深面起自颈外动脉，于下颌支后缘、二腹肌后腹上缘处，向后上方走行，经外耳道软骨与乳突之间，到达耳廓后方。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅动脉耳前支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞浅动脉耳前支，左.mp3" englishName="Superficial temporal,anterior auricular branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_anterior_auricular_branch_of_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉耳前支：颞浅动脉供应耳部结构的分支。
|
||
常为1-2支，分布至耳郭前外侧面和外耳道。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅动脉额支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞浅动脉额支，左.mp3" englishName="Superficial temporal,frontal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_frontal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉额支：颞浅动脉的两终支之一。
|
||
于颧弓后端发自颞浅动脉，行向前上，分布至眼轮匝肌、额肌、帽状腱膜及额部皮肤等。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅动脉顶支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞浅动脉顶支，左.mp3" englishName="Superficial temporal,parietal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_parietal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉顶支：颞浅动脉的两终支之一。
|
||
于颧弓后端发自颞浅动脉，沿颞筋膜表面行向后上，分布于顶部的帽状腱膜及头皮等结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞浅动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superfical temporal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_superficial_temporal_artery" tip="颞浅动脉：在外耳门前方上行，越颧弓根部至颞部皮下，分支布于腮腺和额、颞、顶部的软组织。
|
||
活体上，在外耳门的前上方、颧弓的根部可摸到颞浅动脉搏动，头皮前部出血时可在此处压迫止血。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面横动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/面横动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Transverse facial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_transverse_facial_artery" tip="面横动脉：颞浅动脉供应面部的分支。
|
||
在腮腺和颧弓之间发自颞浅动脉的前壁，沿咬肌表面前行，营养腮腺和邻近的表情肌">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颧眶动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颧眶动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticoorbital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_Left_superficial_temporal_artery/SM_zygomatico - orbital_artery" tip="颧眶动脉：颞浅动脉供应眼外眦部结构的分支。
|
||
发自颞浅动脉的前壁，沿颧弓上缘前行至眼外眦，分布至眼轮匝肌">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧甲状腺上动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/甲状腺上动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superior thyroid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_external_carotid_artery/SM_superior_thyroid_artery" tip="甲状腺上动脉：颈外动脉的第一分支。
|
||
起自颈外动脉的起始处，行向前下方，分布到甲状腺上部和喉">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈内动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内动脉海绵窦部" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颈内动脉海绵窦部，左.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,cavernous part，L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_cavernous_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" tip="颈内动脉海绵窦部：在后床突附近入海绵窦，稍上升后转为近水平位沿蝶骨体两侧的颈动脉沟呈“S”形前行，达前床突后沿前床突内侧的凹沟弯转向上，移行为前膝段。
|
||
该段的特点是：在海绵窦内紧贴内侧的蝶窦侧壁，外侧与穿经海绵窦的动眼神经、滑车神经、三叉神经和展神经关系密切。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内动脉大脑部" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颈内动脉大脑部，左.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,cerebral part,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_cerebral_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" tip="颈内动脉大脑部：在前床突内侧续于海绵窦部，由前向后行走至蛛网膜下腔，在视交叉外侧前穿支下方分为大脑前、中动脉。
|
||
一般把此部与海绵窦部合称为颈内动脉虹吸部，此处形成迂曲，对减缓脑动脉搏动、缓冲脑动脉血压有一定作用，在脑血液循环调节中，虹吸部有“闸门”机制。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内动脉颈部" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颈内动脉颈部，左.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,cervical part,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_cervical_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" tip="颈内动脉颈部：颈段又称颅外段，自颈总动脉分叉处至颅底，为颈内动脉各段中最长的一段。
|
||
颈内动脉先在颈外动脉的后外侧上行，后转至颈外动脉的后内侧沿咽侧壁达颅底。其特点是：(1)颅外段无分支；(2)起始部有颈动脉窦，为压力感受器；(3)位置深而难以触及。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体下动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/垂体下动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior hypophysial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_inferior_hypophyseal_artery" tip="垂体下动脉:颈内动脉供应垂体的较小分支。
|
||
由颈内动脉的海绵窦部发出，在垂体的后方与对侧同名动脉吻合，分布至垂体">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内动脉岩部" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颈内动脉岩部，左.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid,petrous part,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_petrous_part_of_internal_carotid_artery" tip="颈内动脉岩部：在颞骨岩部的颈动脉管内走行，先向上，后弯向前内，在颈动脉管内口处，隔着硬脑膜与三叉神经节紧邻。
|
||
此段的特点是：全程大部行于骨性管道内，在入海绵窦处较为狭窄，并与咽鼓管和鼓室紧邻">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体上动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/垂体上动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superior hypophysial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery/SM_superior_hypophyseal_artery" tip="垂体上动脉:由颈内动脉的海绵窦部发出，在垂体的前方与对侧同名动脉吻合，颈内动脉供应垂体的较小分支。
|
||
分布至垂体。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈内动脉分支" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑前动脉" englishName="Anterior cerebral segment,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/大脑前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior cerebral segment,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_cerebral_artery" tip="大脑前动脉：在视神经上方向前内行，进入大脑纵裂，与对侧的同名动脉借前交通动脉相连，然后沿胼胝体沟向后行。
|
||
皮质支分布于顶枕沟以前的半球内侧面、额叶底面的一部分和额、顶两叶上外侧面的上部；中央支自大脑前动脉的近侧段发出，经前穿质入脑实质，供应尾状核、豆状核前部和内囊前肢。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胼胝体缘动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胼胝体缘动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Callosomarginal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_callosomarginal_artery" tip="胼胝体缘动脉：大脑前动脉行于大脑半球内侧面扣带沟内的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧扣带支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/扣带支，左.mp3" englishName="Cingular branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_cingulate_branch" tip="扣带支：胼胝体缘动脉供应扣带回的较小分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额极动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额极动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Polar frontal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_frontal_polar_artery" tip="额极动脉：约在胼胝体膝部附近从大脑前动脉膝段发出，发出后沿额底沟行向前上至额极。
|
||
供应额叶前部和额极内、外侧面。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额叶前内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额叶前内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="Anteromedial frontal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_medial_frontal_branch" tip="额叶前内侧支：胼胝体缘动脉供应大脑额叶内侧面前部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额叶底内侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额叶底内侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Medial frontobasal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_medial_orbital_frontal_artery" tip="额叶底内侧动脉：约在大脑前动脉上行段的起始部位，距前交通动脉4-10mm处，由大脑前动脉发出，或与额极动脉共干。
|
||
它越额叶眶面，分支供应直回、嗅叶以及眶回内侧部分。在眶回外侧部与大脑中动脉的眶额动脉吻合。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额叶中内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额叶中内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="Intermediomedial frontal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_middle_frontal_branch" tip="额叶中内侧支：胼胝体缘动脉供应大脑额叶内侧面后部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧旁中央动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/旁中央动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Paracentral branches,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_paracentral_artery" tip="旁中央动脉：胼胝体缘动脉供应旁中央小叶的分支。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胼胝体周围动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胼胝体周围动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Pericallosal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_pericallosal_artery" tip="胼周动脉：系大脑前动脉主干在胼胝体沟内行走的一段而言，即胼周段，因其全程行于胼胝体周边故名。
|
||
由于此动脉较恒定地位于胼胝体沟内，故该动脉成为胼胝体上缘和扣带回下缘的良好定位标志。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额叶后内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额叶后内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="Posteromedial frontal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_frontal_branch" tip="额叶后内侧支：胼胝体缘动脉供应大脑额叶内侧面后部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧楔前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/楔前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Precuneal branches,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Anterior_cerebral_artery/SM_precuneal_artery" tip="楔前动脉：通常为大脑后动脉主干的直接延续。
|
||
大脑前动脉的主干-胼周动脉，行至胼胝体压部的稍前方，便近乎直角弯曲向上，移行为楔前动脉。此动脉通常经顶下沟至楔前叶，然后越过半球上缘，至大脑半球背外面的顶上小叶，并没入顶间沟。
|
||
楔前动脉供应区为扣带回上部的一部分、楔前叶前2/3、顶上小叶及顶下小叶上缘。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧前交通动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/前交通动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior communicating,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_anterior_communicating_artery" tip="前交通动脉：大脑动脉环前部的一段，连接左、右大脑前动脉。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑中动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧角动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_angular_artery" tip="角动脉是面动脉的分支。面动脉起自颈外动脉，在颈动脉三角内前行，经二腹肌后腹和茎突舌骨肌深面，进入下颌下三角，然后在咬肌止点前缘处，出现于面部，迂曲向上，经口角和鼻翼外侧至内眦，改名为内眦动脉(角动脉)。角动脉从鼻翼外侧向上走行，到达内眦部，与眼动脉的分支相吻合。在走行过程中，它还发出一些细小分支，分布于鼻背、鼻翼和内眦附近的皮肤及眼轮匝肌等结构。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央前沟动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/中央前沟动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Artery of precentral sulcus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_central_sulcus_artery" tip="中央前沟动脉：多为2支，沿中央前沟或其前方上行，布于中央前回前部、额中后回部及额下回岛盖部的后部。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞叶前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞叶前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior temporal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_anterior_temporal_artery" tip="颞叶前动脉：多在大脑中动脉主干进入大脑外侧沟以前发出，绕至颞极及颞叶凸面，分若干细支分别向前、向下或向后，供应颞极及颞上、中、下回前部。
|
||
其中向前达颞极的动脉，有人又称为颞极动脉。颞极动脉供应颞极，并与大脑后动脉的分支共同供应海马回钩。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央沟动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/中央沟动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Artery of central sulcus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_central_sulcus_artery" tip="中央沟动脉：主要沿中央沟或其前、后缘行进，发小支布于中央前、后回的3/4">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额叶底外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额叶底外侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral frontobasal (orbitofrontal),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_lateral_orbital_frontal_artery" tip="额叶底外侧动脉：又称“眶额动脉”。
|
||
大脑中动脉供应大脑半球外侧面下部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑中动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/大脑中动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Middle cerebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_middle_cerebral_artery" tip="大脑中动脉：可视为颈内动脉的直接延续，向外行进入外侧沟内，分为数支皮质支，营养大脑半球上外侧面的大部分和岛叶，其中包括躯体运动中枢、躯体感觉中枢和语言中枢。
|
||
若该动脉发生阻塞，将出现严重的功能障碍。大脑中动脉途经前穿质时，发出一些细小的中央支，又称豆纹动脉，垂直向上进入脑实质，营养尾状核、豆状核、内囊膝和后肢的前部。
|
||
豆纹动脉行程呈“S”形弯曲，因血流动力学关系，在高血压动脉硬化时容易破裂(故又名出血动脉)而导致脑溢血，出现严重的功能障碍">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞叶中动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞叶中动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Middle temporal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_middle_temporal_artery" tip="颞叶中动脉：大脑中动脉供应颞叶上面中部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央后沟动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/中央后沟动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Artery of postcentral sulcus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_central_sulcus_artery" tip="中央后沟动脉：沿中央后沟走行，布于中央后沟下部及缘上回">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧顶叶后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/顶叶后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="posterior parietal artery,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_parietal_artery" tip="顶叶后动脉：又称缘上回动脉。
|
||
此动脉通常为双干行上干的终支，经大脑外侧沟深面浅出，沿大脑外侧沟的后支上行，越缘上回没入顶间沟。供应缘上回及顶上小叶下缘皮质。
|
||
可借助此动脉作缘上回定位。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞叶后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颞叶后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior temporal branch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_temporal_artery" tip="颞叶后动脉：从侧沟动脉下干发出，经大脑外侧沟深面，在大脑外侧沟后端浅出，越过颞上回向后。
|
||
主要供应颞上回后部以及颞中回和颞下回后部。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="额前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/额前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Prefrontal (pre-Rolandic),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_middle_cerebral_artery/SM_prefrontal_artery" tip="眶额动脉从外侧沟动脉上干或总干发出，经大脑外侧沟深面浅出，向前上方行走，在大脑外侧沟的前升支与前水平支附近分为前、后两支。
|
||
前支沿大脑外侧沟水平支向前，分布至眶部外侧半。后支及额前动脉，沿大脑外侧沟前升支上行并分为2-3支，由于形如烛台，故又称烛台样动脉。
|
||
此动脉分布于三角部、盖部及额中回后部。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧视网膜中央动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/视网膜中央动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Central retinal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_central_retinal_artery" tip="视网膜中央动脉：先在视神经下面前行，然后向上穿视神经，行走于视神经中央，经视神经盘穿出，分成4支，即视网膜内侧上、下和外侧上、下动脉，它们分别供应视网膜鼻侧上、下和颞侧上、下的4个扇形区的视网膜内层，但黄斑的中央凹无血管分部。
|
||
视网膜中央动脉是人体内唯一能被直接观察到的动脉，通过检查眼底视网膜血管的情况，对于了解某些疾病如高血压、动脉硬化、糖尿病等具有重要意义。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻背动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/鼻背动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Dorsal nasal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_dorsal_nasal_artery" tip="鼻背动脉：为颈内动脉的眼动脉的终支，经内眦韧带出眼眶，与内眦动脉吻合，分布于鼻背。
|
||
临床上做鼻侧切口时，此处较易出血。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下脸内侧动脉" audio="" englishName="Inferior medial palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_internal_mandibular_artery" tip="下脸内侧动脉:眼动脉供应下脸内侧部的分支。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下脸动脉弓" englishName="Inferior palpebral arterial arch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_mandibular_arterial_arch" tip="下脸动脉弓:睑内侧动脉与泪腺动脉的分支在下脸内交通吻合形成的
|
||
动脉弓。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧泪腺动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/泪腺动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Lacrimal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_lacrimal_artery" tip="泪腺动脉：眼动脉供应泪腺的分支。
|
||
在视神经管出口处发自眼动脉，伴泪腺神经沿外直肌上缘至泪腺。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上睑外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/上睑外侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superior lateral palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_lateral_superior_palpebral_artery" tip="上睑外侧动脉：眼动脉供应上睑外侧部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上睑内侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/上睑内侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superior medial palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_medial_superior_palpebral_artery" tip="上睑内侧动脉：眼动脉供应上睑内侧部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/眼动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Ophthalmic,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_ophthalmic_artery" tip="眼动脉：眼球和眶内结构的血液供应主要来自眼动脉。
|
||
当颈内动脉穿出海绵窦后，在前床突的内侧发出眼动脉。眼动脉在视神经的下方经视神经管入眶，先居视神经的下外侧，再经视神经的上方与上直肌之间至眶内侧，向前行于上斜肌和上直肌之间，终支出眶，终于额动脉。
|
||
在行程中眼动脉发出分支供应眼球、眼球外肌、泪腺和眼睑。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧睫后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/睫后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior ciliary,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_posterior_ciliary_artery" tip="睫后动脉：眼动脉的分支。
|
||
即：睫后长动脉，常为6-12支，穿入眼球壁，分部至脉络膜和睫状突；睫后短动脉，常为2支，分部至眼肌。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上睑动脉弓" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/上睑动脉弓，左.mp3" englishName="Superior palpebral arterial arch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_superior_palpebral_arterial_arch" tip="上睑动脉弓：睑内、外侧动脉在上睑内吻合形成动脉弓。
|
||
常为平行的双弓，分别位于睑板的上缘和游离缘">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眶上动脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眶上静脉，左.mp3" englishName="Supraorbital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_supraorbital_artery" tip="眶上动脉：眼动脉的直接延续。
|
||
经矿上切迹出眶分布至眼轮匝肌、额窦及额部皮肤">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧滑车上动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/滑车上动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Supratrochlear,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_supratrochlear_artery" tip="滑车上动脉：眼动脉的分支。
|
||
供应额部内侧份的肌、额骨及皮肤，与位于其外侧的眶上动脉构成吻合">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下睑外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/下睑外侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior lateral palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_Left_ophthalmic_artery/SM_The_lateral_inferior_palpebral_artery" tip="下睑外侧动脉：眼动脉供应下睑外侧部的分支。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧后交通动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/后交通动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior communicating,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_common_carotid_artery/SM_Left_internal_carotid_artery/SM_internal_carotid_artery_branch/SM_posterior_communicating_artery" tip="后交通动脉：大脑动脉环的一部分。
|
||
连结大脑后动脉和大脑中动脉。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左锁骨下动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左腋动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸肩峰动脉肩峰支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胸肩峰动脉肩峰支，左.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial,acromial branch，L" tip="胸肩峰动脉肩峰支：胸肩峰动脉的分支之一。
|
||
行向肩峰，参与肩峰网的形成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_acromial_branch_of_thoraco - acromial_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="旋肱前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/旋肱前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Circumflex humeral,anterior，L" tip="旋肱前动脉：腋动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
绕肱骨外科颈前面分布至邻近肌、骨膜和肩关节囊。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_anterior_humeral_circumflex_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腋动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/腋动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Axillary，L" tip="腋动脉：锁骨下动脉的延续。
|
||
从第一肋的外侧缘至大圆肌的下缘，以胸小肌为界分为3段。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_axillary_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="旋肩胛动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/旋肩胛动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Circumflex scapular，L" tip="旋肩胛动脉：肩胛下动脉的终支之一。
|
||
穿三边孔至肩背部，分布至邻近肌肉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_circumflex_scapular_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸肩峰动脉三角肌支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胸肩峰动脉三脚肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial,deltoid branch，L" tip="胸肩峰动脉三角肌支：胸肩峰动脉供应三角肌的分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_deltoid_branch_of_thoraco_acromial_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸外侧动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胸外侧动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral thoracic，L" tip="胸外侧动脉：约69%起自于腋动脉第二段，较少起于第三段，有的与腋动脉的其他分支共干。
|
||
该动脉发出后在胸小肌后面下行，分柘于前锯肌和胸大、小肌，在女性有分支至乳房。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_lateral_thoracic_artery" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸肩峰动脉胸肌支" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胸肩峰动脉胸肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial,pectoral branch，L" tip="胸肩峰动脉胸肌支：行于胸大、小肌间并分支营养此2肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_pectoral_branch_of_thoraco_acromial_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="旋肱后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/旋肱后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Circumflex humeral,posterior，L" tip="旋肱后动脉：腋动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
伴腋神经穿四边孔，绕肱骨外科颈至三角肌和肩关节等处，并与旋肱前动脉吻合。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_posterior_humeral_circumflex_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛下动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/肩胛下动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Subscapular，L" tip="肩胛下动脉：腋动脉第三段的分支。
|
||
沿腋窝后壁下行，分为两个终支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_subscapular_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸上动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胸上动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Superior thoracic，L" tip="胸上动脉：锁骨下动脉第一段的分支。
|
||
较小，分布至胸前壁上部结构。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_superior_thoracic_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸肩峰动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/胸肩峰动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Thoracoacromial trunk，L" tip="胸肩峰动脉：为一短干，约65%起自腋动脉第一段，35%起自第二段。
|
||
该动脉发出后穿锁胸筋膜，分为肩峰支、三角肌支、胸肌支和锁骨支，并分布于同名区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_axillary_artery/SM_thoraco_acromial_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左锁骨下动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈升动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颈升动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Ascending cervical,L" tip="颈升动脉：甲状腺下动脉的分支。
|
||
在颈深部肌内上行，分布至颈深肌、脊髓和颈椎体等。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_ascending_cervical_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肋颈干" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/肋颈干，左.mp3" englishName="Costocervical trunk,L" tip="肋颈干：起自锁骨下动脉第1或第2段，经胸膜顶上方弓形向后至第1肋颈处分为颈深动脉和最上肋间动脉。 " path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_costocervical_trunk" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈深动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/颈深动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Deep cervical,L" tip="颈深动脉：由肋颈干发出的动脉，上行至颈背部，行向头半棘肌，供应邻近肌肉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_deep_cervical_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛背动脉(颈横动脉深支)" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/肩胛背动脉（颈横动脉深支），左.mp3" englishName="Dorsal scapular(transverse scapular,deep branch),L" tip="肩胛背动脉（颈横动脉深支）：锁骨下动脉的分支。
|
||
常起自颈横动脉，即颈横动脉的深支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_dorsal_scapular_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第一肋间后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/第一肋间后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="First posterior intercostal,L" tip="第一肋间后动脉：发自肋间最上动脉，分布至第一肋间隙的动脉" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_first_posterior_intercostal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肋间最上动脉" audio="YinPin1489/肋间最上动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Supreme intercostal,L" tip="肋间最上动脉:发自肋颈干，随即分为两支，分布至第一、二肋间隙的动脉" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_highest_intercostal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状腺下动脉" audio="YinPin1(1001-1100)/甲状腺下动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior thyroid,L" tip="甲状腺下动脉：为锁骨下动脉的甲状颈干的分支，沿前斜角肌内侧缘上行到第6颈椎水平，再弓形弯向内下，经颈动脉鞘深面至甲状腺侧叶后面，分为数支入甲状腺，供应其下1/3部。
|
||
该动脉在甲状腺侧叶下极的后方与喉返神经相交叉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_inferior_thyroid_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸廓内动脉" englishName="Internal thoracic (mammary),L" audio="YinPin1489/胸廓内动脉，左.mp3" tip="胸廓内动脉：起于锁骨下动脉的下面，椎动脉起点的相对侧，向下入胸腔，沿第1-6肋软骨后面(距胸骨外侧缘约lcm)下降，分支布于胸前壁、心包、膈和乳房等处。
|
||
胸廓内动脉行至第6肋间隙发出两终支，其中较大的终支为腹壁上动脉。该动脉为胸廓内动脉的直接延续，穿膈进入腹直肌鞘，在腹直肌的深面下行，到脐附近与腹壁下动脉吻合，分支营养腹直肌和腹膜。
|
||
胸廓内动脉的另一终支为肌膈动脉，行于第7-9肋软骨后面，穿膈后终于最下两个肋间隙，分支布于下五个肋间隙前部、腹壁诸肌及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_internal_thoracic_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左椎基底动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左基底动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="小脑下前动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/小脑下前动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior inferior cerebellar,L" tip="小脑下前动脉：自基底动脉起始段发出，经展神经、面神经和前庭蜗神经的腹侧达小脑下面，供应小脑下面的前部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_anterior_inferior_cerebellar_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="基底动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/基底动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Basilar,L" tip="基底动脉：左、右椎动脉合并而成的动脉。
|
||
位于脑桥腹侧面的基底沟内。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_basilar_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左大脑后动脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_left_posterior_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="距状沟支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/距状沟支，左.mp3" englishName="Calcarine branch,L" tip="距状沟支也是大脑后动脉的一个终支，此动脉有较大的重要性，因为它分布于视觉区（距状沟两侧皮质）。
|
||
这支动脉也伸展到大脑半球外侧面，供应颞下回、外侧枕区的一部分及顶上小叶的大部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_left_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_calcarine_sulcus_branch" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胼胝体背侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/胼胝体背侧支，左.mp3" englishName="Dorsal callosal branch,L" tip="胼胝体背侧动脉：亦称胼胝体压部动脉，起源于大脑后动脉或顶枕分支，于脉络膜后外动脉的后方，向上、向前走行，绕胼胝体压部与大脑前动脉的胼周动脉吻合" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_left_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_dorsal_corpus_callosum_branch" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="顶枕支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/顶枕支，左.mp3" englishName="Parietoocipital branch,L" tip="顶枕动脉:是大脑后动脉的终支之一，沿顶枕沟的底部，行向上外，供应楔叶以及楔前叶的后部，并绕至大脑半球的背外侧面分布。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_left_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_parieto - occipital_branch" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="大脑后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/大脑后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior cerebral,L" tip="大脑后动脉：是基底动脉的终未分支，绕大脑脚向后，沿海马回钩转至额叶和枕叶内侧面。
|
||
皮质支分布于颞叶的内侧面和底面及枕叶，中央支由起始部发出，经脚间窝入脑实质，供应背侧丘脑、内外侧膝状体、下丘脑和底丘脑等。大脑后动脉起始部与小脑上动脉根部之间夹有动眼神经，当颅内高压时，海马旁回钩移至小脑幕切迹下方，使大脑后动脉向下移位，压迫并牵拉动眼神经，可导致动眼神经麻痹。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_left_posterior_cerebral_artery/SM_posterior_cerebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="脑桥动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/脑桥动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Pontine,L" tip="脑桥动脉：为一些细小分支，供应脑桥基底部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_pontine_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="小脑上动脉" englishName="Superior cerebellar,L" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/小脑上动脉，左.mp3" tip="小脑上动脉：基底动脉的分支。
|
||
起自基底动脉的末端，经小脑幕的下面分布至小脑的上面。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_left_basilar_artery/SM_superior_cerebellar_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="小脑下后动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/小脑下后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior inferior cerebellar,L" tip="小脑下后动脉：是椎动脉最大的分支，通常平橄榄下端附近发出，向后外行经延髓与小脑扁桃体之间，行程弯曲，供应小脑下面后部和延髓后外侧部。
|
||
该动脉行程弯曲，易发生栓塞而出现同侧面部浅感觉障碍、对侧躯体浅感觉障碍和小脑共济失调等。该动脉还发出脉络膜支组成第4脑室脉络丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_posterior_inferior_cerebellar_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="椎动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/椎动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Vertebral,L" tip="椎动脉：起于前斜角肌内侧，向上穿第6-l颈椎横突孔，经枕骨大孔入颅腔，分支布于脑与脊髓。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_Left_vertebrobasilar_artery/SM_vertebral_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第二肋间后动脉" audio="YinPin1489/第二肋间后动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Second posterior intercostal,L" tip="第二肋间后动脉：发自肋间最上动脉，分布至第二肋间隙的动脉" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_second_posterior_intercostal_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下动脉" audio="YinPin1489/锁骨下动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Subclavian,L" tip="锁骨下动脉：左锁骨下动脉起自主动脉弓，右锁骨下动脉起自头臂干，均经胸锁关节的后方斜向外行至颈根部，呈弓状经胸膜顶前方，穿斜角肌间隙，至第1肋外侧缘续为腋动脉。
|
||
上肢出血时，可于锁骨中点上方的锁骨上窝处向后下压迫，将该动脉压向第一肋骨进行止血。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_subclavian_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈横动脉浅支" audio="YinPin1489/颈横动脉浅支，左.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical,superficial branch,L" tip="颈横动脉浅支：由颈横动脉发出的一个分支，在斜角肌深面伴副神经下行。
|
||
此动脉若发自甲状颈干，则称颈浅动脉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_superficial_branch_of_transverse_cervical_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛上动脉" audio="YinPin1489/肩胛上动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Suprascapular,L" tip="肩胛上动脉：又称肩胛横动脉。
|
||
甲状颈干的分支。越过臂丛和锁骨下动脉的上方行向上外，经肩胛上横韧带上方至冈上窝。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_suprascapular_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状颈干" englishName="Thyrocervical trunk,L" audio="YinPin1489/甲状颈干，左.mp3" tip="甲状颈干：为一条短而粗的动脉干，其主要分支有甲状腺下动脉。
|
||
该动脉向上内横过颈总动脉的后方，分布到甲状腺等。主要分支有：甲状腺下动脉，肩胛上动脉，肋颈干，肩胛背动脉。
|
||
分支分布：甲状腺，咽和食管，喉和气管以及肩部肌，脊髓及其被摸等处" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_thyrocervical_trunk" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈横动脉" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/颈横动脉，左.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical,L" tip="颈横动脉：往往与甲状腺下动脉共干或单独发自锁骨下动脉第三段，其行程与肩胛上动脉相似，穿过臂丛向后，布于菱形肌周围。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_Aortic_arch_and_its_branches/SM_Left_subclavian_artery/SM_left_subclavian_artery/SM_transverse_cervical_artery" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸主动脉及其分支" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_thoracic_aorta_and_its_branches" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="支气管动脉" audio="" tip="支气管动脉主要起源于胸主动脉，通常为 1 - 4 支，多数为 2 支。右侧支气管动脉可起源于右肋间后动脉或左支气管动脉。" englishName="Bronchial" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_thoracic_aorta_and_its_branches/SM_bronchial_artery" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋间后动脉" audio="YinPin1489/肋间后动脉，左.mp3" tip="肋间后动脉:共9对，起自胸主动脉，行于第3-11肋间隙的胸内筋膜与肋间内膜之间，在肋角处发出一较小的下支，沿下位肋上缘前行;本干又称上支，在肋间内肌与肋间最内肌之间沿肋沟前行。肋间后动脉的上、下支行至肋间隙前部与胸廓内动脉的肋间前支吻合。肋间后动脉沿途分支供应胸前区和胸外侧区，其第2-4支较大，营养乳房。" englishName="Intercostals「03-11」,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_thoracic_aorta_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_intercostal_arteryL" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋间后动脉" audio="YinPin1489/肋间后动脉，左.mp3" tip="肋间后动脉:共9对，起自胸主动脉，行于第3-11肋间隙的胸内筋膜与肋间内膜之间，在肋角处发出一较小的下支，沿下位肋上缘前行;本干又称上支，在肋间内肌与肋间最内肌之间沿肋沟前行。肋间后动脉的上、下支行至肋间隙前部与胸廓内动脉的肋间前支吻合。肋间后动脉沿途分支供应胸前区和胸外侧区，其第2-4支较大，营养乳房。" englishName="Intercostals「03-11」,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_DongMai/SM_thoracic_aorta_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_intercostal_arteryR" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="静脉" icon="整体结构-jingmai.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai" >
|
||
<Body name="上腔静脉系统" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头颈部静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑深层静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai">
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑前静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑前静脉，左.mp3" tip="大脑前静脉:收集额叶内侧面血液的静脉。与大脑前动脉伴行，沿视交叉及视束的上外侧边走行，未端在前穿质附近汇入基底静脉。" englishName="Anterior cerebral" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_JingMai6" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑前静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/大脑前静脉，右.mp3" tip="大脑前静脉:收集额叶内侧面血液的静脉。与大脑前动脉伴行，沿视交叉及视束的上外侧边走行，未端在前穿质附近汇入基底静脉。" englishName="Anterior cerebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_JingMai7" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧基底静脉" tip="基底静脉:又称“罗森塔尔基底静脉(Rosenthal basal vein)深静脉系中一条重要的主干静脉。由大脑前静脉、大脑中深静脉和下纹状体静脉合成。
|
||
向上绕大脑脚终于大脑大静脉。" englishName="Basal" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_JingMai12" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧基底静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/基底静脉，右.mp3" tip="基底静脉:又称“罗森塔尔基底静脉(Rosenthal basal vein)深静脉系中一条重要的主干静脉。由大脑前静脉、大脑中深静脉和下纹状体静脉合成。
|
||
向上绕大脑脚终于大脑大静脉。" englishName="Basal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_JingMai13" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_left_hypophyseal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体门静脉" tip="垂体门静脉系统由垂体上动脉、垂体门微静脉和第一级、第二级毛细血管网共同构成。垂体上动脉从基底动脉环发出后，进入结节部和漏斗柄，然后分支，在漏斗处形成毛细血管网(第一级毛细血管)。这些毛细血管网汇集为若干条小静脉，即垂体门微静脉，它们下行至腺垂体前部，在此再一次分成毛细血管网(第二级毛细血管)。" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_left_hypophyseal_vein/SM_hypophyseal_portal_veinL" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/垂体静脉，左.mp3" tip="垂体静脉有数条，很短，出腺体后立即注入邻近的静脉窦" englishName="Hypophyseal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_left_hypophyseal_vein/SM_hypophyseal_veinL" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体次级毛细血管丛" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/次级毛细血管丛，左.mp3" tip="左侧垂体次级毛细血管丛位于腺垂体左侧部分。它是由垂体门微静脉在腺垂体左侧分支形成的丰富的毛细血管网络。这些毛细血管管径细小，管壁薄，具有丰富的内皮细胞和较大的通透性，有利于物质交换。" englishName="Secondary capillary plexus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_left_hypophyseal_vein/SM_secondary_capillary_plexusL" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧初级毛细血管丛" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/初级毛细血管丛，左.mp3" tip="垂体门静脉是指正中隆起和漏斗干区域的毛细血管网汇集而成的若干小静脉，其下行至垂体远侧部，按其行程分为长门静脉和短门静脉，而后在垂体远侧部其再次形成毛细血管网。第二次毛细血管网汇集才形成垂体静脉。" englishName="Secondary capillary plexus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_left_hypophyseal_vein/SM_secondary_capillary_plexusL 1" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体静脉" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_right_hypophyseal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体门静脉" audio="" tip="垂体门静脉系统由垂体上动脉、垂体门微静脉和第一级、第二级毛细血管网共同构成。垂体上动脉从基底动脉环发出后，进入结节部和漏斗柄，然后分支，在漏斗处形成毛细血管网(第一级毛细血管)。这些毛细血管网汇集为若干条小静脉，即垂体门微静脉，它们下行至腺垂体前部，在此再一次分成毛细血管网(第二级毛细血管)" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_right_hypophyseal_vein/SM_hypophyseal_portal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/垂体静脉，右.mp3" tip="垂体静脉有数条，很短，出腺体后立即注入邻近的静脉窦" englishName="Hypophyseal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_right_hypophyseal_vein/SM_hypophyseal_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体初级毛细血管丛" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/初级毛细血管丛，右.mp3" tip="垂体门静脉是指正中隆起和漏斗干区域的毛细血管网汇集而成的若干小静脉，其下行至垂体远侧部，按其行程分为长门静脉和短门静脉，而后在垂体远侧部其再次形成毛细血管网。第二次毛细血管网汇集才形成垂体静脉。" englishName="primary capillary plexus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_right_hypophyseal_vein/SM_primary_capillary_plexus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体次级毛细血管丛" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/次级毛细血管丛，右.mp3" tip="右侧垂体次级毛细血管丛是位于腺垂体右侧的丰富毛细血管网络。它由垂体门微静脉分支形成，毛细血管管径细小，管壁薄，内皮细胞具有较高的通透性，有利于物质的交换和激素的释放。" englishName="secondary capillary plexus，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_right_hypophyseal_vein/SM_secondary_capillary_plexus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="静脉窦" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧静脉窦" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧海绵窦" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/海绵窦，左.mp3" tip="海绵窦:位于蝶鞍两侧，为硬脑膜两层间的不规则腔隙，形似海绵，两侧海绵窦借海绵间窦和后窦相连。海绵窦内有颈内动脉和展神经通过;窦的外侧壁内，自上而下有动眼神经、滑车神经、眼神经(三叉神经第1支)和上颌神经(三叉神经第2支)通过:海绵窦主要接受大脑中静脉、眼静脉和视网膜中央静脉。海绵窦与周围的静脉有广泛联系和交通:①向前借眼上静脉、内眦静脉与面静脉交通;②向后外经岩上窦、岩下窦连通横窦和颈内静脉;③向下经卵圆孔的小静脉与翼静脉丛相通。故面部感染可蔓延至海绵窦，引起海绵窦炎和血栓的形成，进而累及经过海绵窦的神经，出现相应的症状。海绵窦向后借斜坡上的基底窦与椎内静脉丛相通，而椎内静脉丛又与腔静脉系交通。因此，腹、盆部的感染(如直肠的血吸虫卵)或癌细胞可经此途径进入颅内。" englishName="Cavernous sinus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus/SM_cavernous_sinusL" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧岩下窦" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/岩下窦，左.mp3" tip="岩下窦:位于颞骨岩部的后缘，将海绵窦的血液引入颈内静脉。" englishName="Inferior petrosal sinus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus/SM_inferior_petrosal_sinusL" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧乙状窦" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/乙状窦，左.mp3" tip="乙状窦:成对，位于乙状窦沟内，是横窦的延续，向前内于颈静脉孔处出颅续为颈内静脉。" englishName="Siamoid sinus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus/SM_sigmoid_sinusL" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧蝶顶窦" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/蝶顶窦，左.mp3" tip="蝶顶窦:行于蝶骨小翼后缘硬膜内，在动眼神经上方注入海绵窦。此窦主要连接脑膜中静脉窦与海绵窦。" englishName="Sphenoparietal sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus/SM_sphenoparietal_sinusL" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧岩上窦" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/岩上窦，左.mp3" tip="左侧岩上窦位于颞骨岩部上缘的岩上沟内，介于小脑幕附着缘与岩骨嵴之间。它起自海绵窦的后外侧角，向后外方走行，在颞骨岩部与枕骨交界处注入横窦或乙状窦。" englishName="Superior petrosal sinus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus/SM_superior_petrosal_sinusL" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧横窦" audio="transverse sinusL" tip="左侧横窦位于颅后窝，在枕骨和颞骨内面的横窦沟内。它起自窦汇，窦汇是上矢状窦、直窦等静脉窦的汇合处，位于枕内隆凸附近。左侧横窦从窦汇开始，沿横窦沟向左侧颞骨岩部方向横行，在到达颞骨岩部后缘时，通常会转折向下，延续为乙状窦。" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_left_sinus_venosus/SM_transverse_sinusL" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="矢状窦中份" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="前海绵间窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/前海绵间窦.mp3" tip="海绵间前窦是位于蝶鞍前方、连接两侧海绵窦的静脉通道，是海绵间窦的一部分" englishName="anterior intercavernous sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_anterior_intercavernous_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="基底静脉丛" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/基底静脉丛.mp3" tip="基底静脉丛:又称“基底窦”
|
||
斜坡上面硬脑膜数条静脉形成的静脉丛。向前上与海绵窦、岩上、下窦相通;向后下与边缘窦和椎内静脉丛相通。" englishName="Basilar plexus and sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_basal_venous_plexus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="窦汇" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/窦汇.mp3" tip="窦汇:由上矢状窦与直窦在枕内隆凸处汇合而成的硬脑膜窦。其向两侧通入横窦。" englishName="Confluence of sinuses" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_confluence_of_sinuses" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下矢状窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下矢状窦.mp3" tip="下矢状窦:位于大脑镰下缘，其走向与上矢状窦一致，向后汇入直窦。" englishName="Inferior sagittal sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_inferior_sagittal_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/枕窦.mp3" tip="枕窦:位于小脑镰后缘，上连窦汇，下至枕骨大孔分为左右两支，循骨大孔侧缘向前，合于基底丛。其压迹称枕窦沟。在通常情况下因枕窦细小，故枕窦沟不甚明显" englishName="Occipital sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_occipital_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="后海绵间窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/后海绵间窦.mp3" tip="海绵间窦:是左右海绵窦之间联系的主要通道，并连成围绕垂体周围的环状窦，包括前、后、下海绵间窦，鞍背窦，基底窦等。" englishName="Posterior intercavernous sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_posterior_intercavernous_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="直窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/直窦.mp3" tip="直窦:位于大脑镰与小脑幕连接处，由大脑大静脉和下矢状窦汇合而成，向后汇入窦汇。" englishName="Straight sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_straight_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上矢状窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/上矢状窦.mp3" tip="上矢状窦:位于大脑镰的上缘，前方起自盲孔，向后汇入窦汇" englishName="Superior sagittal sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_median_sagittal_sinus/SM_superior_sagittal_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧静脉窦" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧海绵窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/海绵窦，右.mp3" tip="海绵窦:位于蝶鞍两侧，为硬脑膜两层间的不规则腔隙，形似海绵，两侧海绵窦借海绵间窦和后窦相连。海绵窦内有颈内动脉和展神经通过;窦的外侧壁内，自上而下有动眼神经、滑车神经、眼神经(三叉神经第1支)和上颌神经(三叉神经第2支)通过:海绵窦主要接受大脑中静脉、眼静脉和视网膜中央静脉。海绵窦与周围的静脉有广泛联系和交通:①向前借眼上静脉、内眦静脉与面静脉交通;②向后外经岩上窦、岩下窦连通横窦和颈内静脉;③向下经卵圆孔的小静脉与翼静脉丛相通。故面部感染可蔓延至海绵窦，引起海绵窦炎和血栓的形成，进而累及经过海绵窦的神经，出现相应的症状。海绵窦向后借斜坡上的基底窦与椎内静脉丛相通，而椎内静脉丛又与腔静脉系交通。因此，腹、盆部的感染(如直肠的血吸虫卵)或癌细胞可经此途径进入颅内。" englishName="Cavernous sinus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus/SM_cavernous_sinus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧岩下窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/岩下窦，右.mp3" tip="岩下窦:位于颞骨岩部的后缘，将海绵窦的血液引入颈内静脉。" englishName="Inferior petrosal sinus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus/SM_inferior_petrosal_sinus" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧乙状窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/乙状窦，右.mp3" tip="乙状窦:成对，位于乙状窦沟内，是横窦的延续，向前内于颈静脉孔处出颅续为颈内静脉。" englishName="Siamoid sinus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus/SM_sigmoid_sinus" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧蝶顶窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/蝶顶窦，右.mp3" tip="蝶顶窦:行于蝶骨小翼后缘硬膜内，在动眼神经上方注入海绵窦。此窦主要连接脑膜中静脉窦与海绵窦。" englishName="Sphenoparietal sinus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus/SM_sphenoparietal_sinus" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧岩上窦" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/岩上窦，右.mp3" tip="岩上窦:位于颞骨岩部的上缘，将海绵窦的血液引入横窦。" englishName="Superior petrosal sinus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus/SM_superior_petrosal_sinus" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="横窦" tip="横窦:成对，位于小脑幕后外侧缘附着处的骨横窦沟内，连于窦汇与乙状窦之间。" englishName="transverse sinus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/DaNaoShenJingMai/SM_venous_sinus/SM_right_sinus_venosus/SM_transverse_sinus" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧头颈部静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="(左侧)内侧颈静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈内静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈内静脉，左.mp3" englishName="Internal jugular,L" tip="颈内静脉:于颈静脉孔处续于乙状窦，在颈动脉鞘内沿颈内动脉和颈总动脉外侧下行，至胸锁关节后方与锁骨下静脉汇合成头臂静脉。颈内静脉的颅内属支有乙状窦和岩下窦，收集颅骨、脑膜、脑、泪器和前庭蜗器等处的静脉血。颅外属支包括面静脉、舌静脉、咽静脉、甲状腺上静脉和甲状腺中静脉等。颈内静脉壁附着于颈动脉鞘，并通过颈动脉鞘与周围的颈深筋膜和肩胛舌骨肌中间腱相连，故管腔经常处于开放状态，有利于血液回流。颈内静脉外伤时，由于管腔不能闭锁和胸腔负压对血液的吸引，可导致空气栓塞。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_internal_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左面静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧内眦静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/内眦静脉，左.mp3" tip="内眦静脉:由眶上静脉和滑车上静脉在眼内侧角处汇合而成的静脉。" englishName="Angular,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_angular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌后静脉前支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下颌后静脉前支，左.mp3" tip="下颌后静脉:由题浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺内汇合而成。上颌静脉起自翼内肌和翼外肌之间的翼静脉丛。下颌后静脉下行至腮腺下端处分为前、后两支，前支注入面静脉，后支与耳后静脉和静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
|
||
下颌后静脉收集面侧区和颞区的静脉血。" englishName="Retromandibular,anterior division,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_anterior_branch_of_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/面静脉，左.mp3" tip="面静脉:位置表浅
|
||
起自内眦静脉，在面动脉的后方下行。在下颌角下方跨过颈内、外动脉的表面，下行至舌骨大角附近注入颈内静脉。面静脉通过眼上静脉和眼下静脉与颅内的海绵窦交通，并通过面深静脉与翼静脉丛交通，继而与海绵窦交通。面静脉缺乏静脉瓣。因此，面部发生化脓性感染时，若处理不当(如挤压等)，可导致颅内感染。因此，将鼻根至两侧口角的三角区称为“危险三角”" englishName="Facial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_facial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面静脉主干" audio="" tip="面静脉起自内眦静脉，在内眦处与眼上静脉相交通，然后沿鼻的外侧下行，至口角平面弯向后外方，经咬肌前缘，在下颌角的前下方，与下颌后静脉的前支汇合，穿深筋膜，注入颈内静脉。" englishName="Inferior labial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_facial_vein_trunk" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下唇静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下唇静脉，左.mp3" tip="下唇静脉:起自下唇静脉丛，向外侧注入面静脉，向下与颏静脉交通并可与对侧下唇静脉相吻合的静脉" englishName="Inferior labial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_inferior_labial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧唇支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/唇支，左.mp3" tip="面神经出茎乳孔后，在腮腺内分为多个分支，其中就包括唇支。唇支又分为上唇支和下唇支，它们从腮腺前缘发出后，呈扇形分布于上下唇部。上唇支向上走行至同侧上唇，下唇支则向下至同侧下唇。" englishName="Labial branches,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_labial_branch" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/舌静脉，左.mp3" tip="舌静脉:舌动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
经舌骨舌肌与颏舌肌之间，至舌骨大角附近注入颈内静脉。" englishName="Lingual,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_lingual_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颏下静脉，左.mp3" tip="颏下静脉:收集口腔底诸器官的静脉血，经下颌舌骨骨肌的表面与颏下动脉伴行，向后至下颌舌骨肌三角注入面静脉的静脉。" englishName="Submental" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_submental_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上唇静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上唇静脉，左.mp3" tip="上唇静脉:起自上唇静脉丛的静脉。向外侧汇入面静脉，向上与眶下静脉交通并可越过中线与对侧上唇静脉相吻合。" englishName="Superior labial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_left_facial_vein/SM_superior_labial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧甲状腺中静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/甲状腺中静脉，左.mp3" tip="甲状腺中静脉:起于甲状腺侧叶外侧缘中点稍下，越过颈总动脉汇入颈内静脉前壁的静脉。
|
||
只有58%个体具有一侧或双侧的甲状腺中静脉。" englishName="Middle thyroid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_middle_thyroid_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下颌后静脉" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧耳前静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/耳前静脉，左.mp3" tip="耳前静脉:收集耳郭及外耳道前面的静脉血，注入题浅静脉的血管。" englishName="Anterior anricular,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_anterior_auricular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅静脉额支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅静脉额支，左.mp3" tip="颞浅静脉:起自颅顶头皮的静脉网。
|
||
在颞浅筋膜、颧弓的稍上方，耳郭的前方，由前、后两支汇成的静脉。
|
||
与同名动脉及其分支伴行，位于皮下，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Superficial temporal,frontal branch" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_frontal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眶下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眶下静脉，左.mp3" tip="眶下静脉起自眶下孔，在眶下管内与眶下动脉伴行，出眶下孔后，在面部与面静脉、内眦静脉等相交通。它主要收集眼眶下方、鼻侧以及上唇等区域的静脉血。" englishName="Infraorbital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_infraorbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上颌静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上颌静脉，左.mp3" tip="上颌静脉:起始于翼丛，伴上颌动脉第一段，向后经茎突下颌韧带与下颌颈之间注入下颌后静脉的静脉。" englishName="Maxillary,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_maxillary_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅静脉顶支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅静脉顶支，左.mp3" tip="颞浅静脉:起自颅顶头皮的静脉网。
|
||
在颞浅筋膜、颧弓的稍上方，耳郭的前方，由前、后两支汇成的静脉。
|
||
与同名动脉及其分支伴行，位于皮下，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Superficial temporal,parietal branch" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_parietal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧顶导静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/顶导静脉，左.mp3" tip="顶导静脉:颞浅静脉的分支穿过顶骨孔与上矢状窦相连的静脉。" englishName="Parietal emissary vein" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_parietal_emissary_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼静脉丛" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/翼静脉丛，左.mp3" tip="翼静脉丛:位于上颌动脉的周围，包绕部分翼外肌，并可延伸到翼内肌内侧面的静脉丛。
|
||
其主要输出静脉为上颌静脉，并经眼下静脉、卵圆孔网以及破裂孔导血管等，与颅内的海绵窦相交通，并借面深静脉与眼下静脉和面静脉吻合。" englishName="Pterygoid plexus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_pterygoid_venous_plexus" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌后静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下颌后静脉，左.mp3" tip="下颌后静脉:由题浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺内汇合而成。上颌静脉起自翼内肌和翼外肌之间的翼静脉丛。下颌后静脉下行至腮腺下端处分为前、后两支，前支注入面静脉，后支与耳后静脉和枕静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
|
||
下颌后静脉收集面侧区和题区的静脉血。" englishName="Retromandibular" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞浅静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颞浅静脉，左.mp3" tip="颞浅静脉:起自颅顶头皮的静脉网。
|
||
在颞浅筋膜、颧弓的稍上方，耳郭的前方，由前、后两支汇成的静脉。
|
||
与同名动脉及其分支伴行，位于皮下，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Superficial temporal" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面横静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/面横静脉，左.mp3" tip="面横静脉通常起自腮腺前内面，在颧弓下方、腮腺管上方与面神经分支伴行，横行向前跨越咬肌表面，在面动脉的后方，穿颊肌至口腔黏膜下，最终注入面静脉或下颌后静脉。" englishName="Transverse facial,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_transverse_facial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颧眶静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颧眶静脉，左.mp3" tip="颧眶动脉最典型的是单独发自颞浅动脉，也可以发自颞浅动脉的额干和顶干。它在颧弓上缘，大致平行于颧弓上缘并略向上，走向外眦(眼眶外侧角)。" englishName="Zygomaticoorbital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_Zygomatic_orbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧甲状腺上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/甲状腺上静脉，左.mp3" tip="甲状腺上静脉:在甲状腺侧叶上端汇成后，沿甲状腺上动脉外侧伴行向上，接受喉上静脉的汇入，最后越过颈总动脉前方汇入颈内静脉或面总静脉末端。" englishName="Superior thyroid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_left_internal_jugular_vein/SM_superior_thyroid_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左锁骨下静脉" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein" >
|
||
<Body name="左颈外静脉" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Left_external_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈外静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/颈外静脉，左.mp3" tip="颈外静脉:由下颌后静脉的后支、耳后静脉和枕静脉在下颌角处汇合而成，沿胸锁乳头肌表面下行，在锁骨上方穿深筋膜，注入锁骨下静脉或静脉角。
|
||
颈外静脉主要收集头皮和面部的静脉血。静脉未端有一对瓣膜，但不能防止血液逆流。
|
||
正常人站位或坐位时，颈外静脉常不显露。当心脏疾病或上腔静脉阻塞引起颈外静脉回流不畅时，在体表可见静脉充盈轮廓，称颈静脉怒张。" englishName="External jugular，L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Left_external_jugular_vein/SM_External_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧枕静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/枕静脉，左.mp3" tip="枕静脉:起自枕部的静脉丛，穿过斜方肌在枕骨的附着点至枕下三角通常与耳后静脉相汇合注入颈外静脉的静脉。" englishName="Occipital" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Left_external_jugular_vein/SM_Occipital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧耳后静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/耳后静脉，左.mp3" tip="耳后静脉:与耳后动脉在耳郭后方的伴行静脉。
|
||
通常与枕静脉相结合成一干，再与下颌后静脉的后支汇合成颈外静脉。" englishName="Posterior auricular,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Left_external_jugular_vein/SM_Posterior_auricular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌后静脉后支" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下颌后静脉后支，左.mp3" tip="下颌后静脉:由颞浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺内汇合而成。上颌静脉起自翼内肌和翼外肌之间的翼静脉丛。下颌后静脉下行至腮腺下端处分为前、后两支，前支注入面静脉，后支与耳后静脉和静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
|
||
下颌后静脉收集面侧区和颞区的静脉血。" englishName="Retromandibular,posterior division,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Left_external_jugular_vein/SM_Posterior_branch_of_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧锁骨下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/锁骨下静脉，左.mp3" tip="锁骨下静脉:在第1肋外侧缘续于腋静脉，向内行于腋动脉的前下方，至胸锁关节后方与颈内静脉汇合成头臂静脉。两静脉汇合部称静脉角，是淋巴导管的注入部位。锁骨下静脉的主要属支是腋静脉和颈外静脉，临床上常经锁骨上或锁骨下入路作锁骨下静脉导管插入。" englishName="Subclavian,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Subclavian_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肩胛上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肩胛上静脉，左.mp3" tip="肩胛上静脉:肩胛上动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
汇入颈外静脉下部，或直接注入锁骨下静脉" englishName="Suprascapular" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Left_subclavian_vein/SM_Suprascapular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="眼静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央视网膜静脉" tip="中央视网膜静脉与同名动脉伴行，在视网膜内走行。它收集视网膜各层的静脉血液，其分支与视网膜动脉的分支分布相对应，分为上、下两支，每支又分为鼻侧和颞侧分支，分别收集视网膜不同区域的血液。这些分支在视网膜表面逐渐汇合成主干，然后经视神经乳头处穿出眼球，进入视神经鞘内。" englishName="Central retinal vein" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Central_retinal_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下睑静脉弓" tip="眼睑静脉:眼睑的静脉，汇成眼脸静脉弓，向内侧汇入内眦静脉，向外侧汇入颞浅静脉。" englishName="Inferior palpebral venous arch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Inferior_palpebral_venous_arch" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眼下静脉，左.mp3" tip="眼下静脉:细小，位于视神经下方，起自眶下壁及内侧壁的静脉网，收集附近眼肌、泪囊和脸的静脉血，行向后分为2支，一支注入眼上静脉，另一支经眶下裂汇入翼静脉丛。" englishName="Inferior ophthalmic.L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Infraorbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧泪腺静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/泪腺静脉，左.mp3" tip="泪腺静脉:泪腺动脉伴行静脉。注入眼上静脉的后端," englishName="Lacrimal" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Lacrimal_gland_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下睑外侧静脉" tip="下睑静脉:起自下睑，与眶下静脉交通，向内下汇入面静脉的静脉。" englishName="Inferior lateral palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Lateral_inferior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上睑外侧静脉" tip="上睑静脉:起始于上睑，向外侧与题中静脉交通，向内侧注入内眦静脉的静脉。" englishName="Superior lateral palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Lateral_superior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下睑内侧静脉" tip="下睑静脉:起自下睑，与眶下静脉交通，向内下汇入面静脉的静脉。" englishName="Inferior medial palpebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Medial_inferior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上睑内侧静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上睑内侧静脉，左.mp3" tip="上脸静脉:起始于上脸，向外侧与题中静脉交通，向内侧注入内眦静脉的静脉。" englishName="Superior medial palpebral.L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Medial_superior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上睑静脉弓" tip="眼睑静脉:眼睑的静脉，汇成眼睑静脉弓，向内侧汇入内眦静脉，向外侧汇入颞浅静脉。" englishName="Superior palpebral venous arch,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Superior_palpebral_venous_arch" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眼上静脉，左.mp3" tip="眼上静脉:起于眶的前内侧，并在该处与内眦静脉及鼻额静脉等吻合收集与眼动脉分支伴行的静脉血，向后经眶上裂注入海绵窦。" englishName="Superior ophthalmic,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Supraorbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眶上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/眶上静脉，左.mp3" tip="眶上静脉:自额结节表面起始，向后上与题浅静脉额支交通的静脉。收集额部和眉部的静脉血，斜向内行，与滑车上静脉的未端汇合成内眦静脉。" englishName="Supraorbital,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Supraorbital_vein 1" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧滑车上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/滑车上静脉，左.mp3" tip="滑车上静脉:起自额部的静脉丛，沿中线附近下行，与对侧同名静脉并行，至眉的内侧端终于内眦静脉。" englishName="Supratrochlear" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Supratrochlear_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧涡静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/涡静脉，左.mp3" tip="涡静脉:又称睫后静脉，位于眼球壁血管膜的外层，多数为4条，收集来自虹膜、睫状体和脉络膜的血液回流,
|
||
该静脉呈漩涡状，在眼球赤道附近穿出巩膜。2条上涡静脉汇入眼上静脉，2条下涡静脉汇入眼下静脉。" englishName="Vorticose (vortex),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_left_cervical_vein/SM_Ophthalmic_vein/SM_Vorticose_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧头颈部静脉" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="眼静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧视网膜中央静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/视网膜中央静脉，右.mp3" tip="视网膜中央静脉:由视网膜上、下静脉在巩膜筛板平面处集合而成的静脉。
|
||
汇入眼上静脉或经眶上裂汇入海绵窦。" englishName="Central retinal.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_central_retinal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼下静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/眼下静脉，右.mp3" tip="眼下静脉:细小，位于视神经下方，起自眶下壁及内侧壁的静脉网，收集附近眼肌、泪囊和脸的静脉血，行向后分为2支，一支注入眼上静脉，另一支经眶下裂汇入翼静脉丛。" englishName="Inferior ophthalmic.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_inferior_ophthalmic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下睑静脉弓" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下睑静脉弓，右.mp3" tip="眼睑静脉:眼睑的静脉，汇成眼脸静脉弓，向内侧汇入内眦静脉，向外侧汇入颞浅静脉。" englishName="Inferior palpebral venous arch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_inferior_palpebral_venous_arch" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧泪腺静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/泪腺静脉，右.mp3" tip="泪腺静脉:泪腺动脉伴行静脉。注入眼上静脉的后端," englishName="Lacrimal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_lacrimal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下睑外侧静脉" audio="YinPin1489/下睑外侧静脉，右.mp3" tip="下睑静脉:起自下睑，与眶下静脉交通，向内下汇入面静脉的静脉。" englishName="Inferior lateral palpebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_lateral_inferior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上睑外侧静脉" audio="YinPin1489/上睑外侧静脉，右.mp3" tip="上睑静脉:起始于上睑，向外侧与题中静脉交通，向内侧注入内眦静脉的静脉。" englishName="Superior lateral palpebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_lateral_superior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下睑内侧静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下睑内侧静脉，右.mp3" tip="下睑静脉:起自下睑，与眶下静脉交通，向内下汇入面静脉的静脉。" englishName="Inferior medial palpebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_medial_inferior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上睑内侧静脉" tip="上脸静脉:起始于上脸，向外侧与题中静脉交通，向内侧注入内眦静脉的静脉。" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/上睑内侧静脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior medial palpebral.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_medial_superior_palpebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/眼上静脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior ophthalmic,R" tip="眼上静脉:起于眶的前内侧，并在该处与内眦静脉及鼻额静脉等吻合收集与眼动脉分支伴行的静脉血，向后经眶上裂注入海绵窦。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_superior_ophthalmic_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上睑静脉弓" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/上睑静脉弓，右.mp3" tip="眼睑静脉:眼睑的静脉，汇成眼睑静脉弓，向内侧汇入内眦静脉，向外侧汇入颞浅静脉。" englishName="Superior palpebral venous arch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_superior_palpebral_venous_arch" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眶上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/眶上静脉，右.mp3" tip="眶上静脉:自额结节表面起始，向后上与题浅静脉额支交通的静脉。收集额部和眉部的静脉血，斜向内行，与滑车上静脉的未端汇合成内眦静脉。" englishName="Supraorbital,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_supraorbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧滑车上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/滑车上静脉，右.mp3" tip="滑车上静脉:起自额部的静脉丛，沿中线附近下行，与对侧同名静脉并行，至眉的内侧端终于内眦静脉。" englishName="Supratrochlear,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_supratrochlear_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧涡静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/涡静脉，右.mp3" tip="涡静脉:又称睫后静脉，位于眼球壁血管膜的外层，多数为4条，收集来自虹膜、睫状体和脉络膜的血液回流,
|
||
该静脉呈漩涡状，在眼球赤道附近穿出巩膜。2条上涡静脉汇入眼上静脉，2条下涡静脉汇入眼下静脉。" englishName="Vorticose (vortex),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_ophthalmic_vein/SM_vortex_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈内静脉，右.mp3" tip="颈内静脉:于颈静脉孔处续于乙状窦，在颈动脉鞘内沿颈内动脉和颈总动脉外侧下行，至胸锁关节后方与锁骨下静脉汇合成头臂静脉。颈内静脉的颅内属支有乙状窦和岩下窦，收集颅骨、脑膜、脑、泪器和前庭蜗器等处的静脉血。颅外属支包括面静脉、舌静脉、咽静脉、甲状腺上静脉和甲状腺中静脉等。颈内静脉壁附着于颈动脉鞘，并通过颈动脉鞘与周围的颈深筋膜和肩胛舌骨肌中间腱相连，故管腔经常处于开放状态，有利于血液回流。颈内静脉外伤时，由于管腔不能闭锁和胸腔负压对血液的吸引，可导致空气栓塞。" englishName="Internal jugular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_internal_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧甲状腺中静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/甲状腺中静脉，右.mp3" tip="甲状腺中静脉:起于甲状腺侧叶外侧缘中点稍下，越过颈总动脉汇入颈内静脉前壁的静脉。
|
||
只有58%个体具有一侧或双侧的甲状腺中静脉。" englishName="Middle thyroid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_middle_thyroid_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下颌后静脉组" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧耳前静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/耳前静脉，右.mp3" tip="耳前静脉:收集耳郭及外耳道前面的静脉血，注入题浅静脉的血管。" englishName="Anterior anricular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_anterior_auricular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅静脉额支" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颞浅静脉额支，右.mp3" tip="颞浅静脉:起自颅顶头皮的静脉网。
|
||
在颞浅筋膜、颧弓的稍上方，耳郭的前方，由前、后两支汇成的静脉。
|
||
与同名动脉及其分支伴行，位于皮下，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Superficial temporal,frontal branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_frontal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眶下静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/眶下静脉，右.mp3" tip="眶下静脉起始于眶下孔，眶下孔位于眼眶下缘中点下方约 0.5 - 1.0 厘米处。它在面部的软组织内走行，位置相对较浅。" englishName="Infraorbital,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_infraorbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌静脉" tip="上颌静脉:起始于翼丛，伴上颌动脉第一段，向后经茎突下颌韧带与下颌颈之间注入下颌后静脉的静脉。" englishName="Maxillary,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_maxillary_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅静脉顶支" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颞浅静脉顶支，右.mp3" tip="颞浅静脉:起自颅顶头皮的静脉网。
|
||
在颞浅筋膜、颧弓的稍上方，耳郭的前方，由前、后两支汇成的静脉。
|
||
与同名动脉及其分支伴行，位于皮下，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Superficial temporal,parietal branch,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_parietal_branch_of_superficial_temporal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧顶导静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/顶导静脉，右.mp3" tip="顶导静脉:颞浅静脉的分支穿过顶骨孔与上矢状窦相连的静脉。" englishName="Parietal emissary vein,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_parietal_emissary_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼静脉丛" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/翼静脉丛，右.mp3" tip="翼静脉丛:位于上颌动脉的周围，包绕部分翼外肌，并可延伸到翼内肌内侧面的静脉丛。
|
||
其主要输出静脉为上颌静脉，并经眼下静脉、卵圆孔网以及破裂孔导血管等，与颅内的海绵窦相交通，并借面深静脉与眼下静脉和面静脉吻合。" englishName="Pterygoid plexus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_pterygoid_venous_plexus" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌后静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下颌后静脉，右.mp3" tip="下颌后静脉:由题浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺内汇合而成。上颌静脉起自翼内肌和翼外肌之间的翼静脉丛。下颌后静脉下行至腮腺下端处分为前、后两支，前支注入面静脉，后支与耳后静脉和枕静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
|
||
下颌后静脉收集面侧区和题区的静脉血。" englishName="Retromandibular，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞浅静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颞浅静脉，右.mp3" tip="颞浅静脉:起自颅顶头皮的静脉网。
|
||
在颞浅筋膜、颧弓的稍上方，耳郭的前方，由前、后两支汇成的静脉。
|
||
与同名动脉及其分支伴行，位于皮下，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Superficial temporal，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面横静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/面横静脉，右.mp3" tip="面横静脉:面横动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
常为两支，沿咬肌表面后行，注入下颌后静脉。" englishName="Transverse facial,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_transverse_facial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颧眶静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颧眶静脉，右.mp3" tip="颧眶动脉最典型的是单独发自颞浅动脉，也可以发自颞浅动脉的额干和顶干。它在颧弓上缘，大致平行于颧弓上缘并略向上，走向外眦(眼眶外侧角)。" englishName="Zygomaticoorbital" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_retromandibular_vein/SM_zygomatico_orbital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧内眦静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/内眦静脉，右.mp3" tip="内眦静脉:由眶上静脉和滑车上静脉在眼内侧角处汇合而成的静脉。" englishName="Angular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_angular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌后静脉前支" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下颌后静脉前支，右.mp3" tip="下颌后静脉:由题浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺内汇合而成。上颌静脉起自翼内肌和翼外肌之间的翼静脉丛。下颌后静脉下行至腮腺下端处分为前、后两支，前支注入面静脉，后支与耳后静脉和静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
|
||
下颌后静脉收集面侧区和颞区的静脉血。" englishName="Retromandibular,anterior division,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_anterior_branch_of_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/面静脉，右.mp3" tip="面静脉:位置表浅
|
||
起自内眦静脉，在面动脉的后方下行。在下颌角下方跨过颈内、外动脉的表面，下行至舌骨大角附近注入颈内静脉。面静脉通过眼上静脉和眼下静脉与颅内的海绵窦交通，并通过面深静脉与翼静脉丛交通，继而与海绵窦交通。面静脉缺乏静脉瓣。因此，面部发生化脓性感染时，若处理不当(如挤压等)，可导致颅内感染。因此，将鼻根至两侧口角的三角区称为“危险三角”" englishName="Facial,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_facial_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下唇静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下唇静脉，右.mp3" tip="下唇静脉:起自下唇静脉丛，向外侧注入面静脉，向下与颏静脉交通并可与对侧下唇静脉相吻合的静脉" englishName="Inferior labial,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_inferior_labial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧唇支" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/唇支，右.mp3" tip="面动脉在经过口角外侧时，会发出上、下唇支。上唇支较为粗大，沿着上唇内侧黏膜与皮肤交界处走行，分布于上唇的肌肉、皮肤和黏膜；下唇支则沿着下唇内侧黏膜与皮肤交界处走行，供应下唇的相应组织。" englishName="Labial branches" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_labial_branch" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/舌静脉，右.mp3" tip="舌静脉:舌动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
经舌骨舌肌与颏舌肌之间，至舌骨大角附近注入颈内静脉。" englishName="Lingual,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_lingual_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颏下静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颏下静脉，右.mp3" tip="颏下静脉:收集口腔底诸器官的静脉血，经下颌舌骨骨肌的表面与颏下动脉伴行，向后至下颌舌骨肌三角注入面静脉的静脉。" englishName="Submental，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_submental_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上唇静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/上唇静脉，右.mp3" tip="上唇静脉:起自上唇静脉丛的静脉。向外侧汇入面静脉，向上与眶下静脉交通并可越过中线与对侧上唇静脉相吻合。" englishName="Superior labial,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_superior_labial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面静脉主干" tip="面静脉主干起始于内眦静脉，在内眦角处与眼静脉相交通。" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_right_facial_vein/SM_trunk_of_facial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧甲状腺上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/甲状腺上静脉，右.mp3" tip="甲状腺上静脉:在甲状腺侧叶上端汇成后，沿甲状腺上动脉外侧伴行向上，接受喉上静脉的汇入，最后越过颈总动脉前方汇入颈内静脉或面总静脉末端。" englishName="Superior thyroid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_internal_jugular_vein/SM_superior_thyroid_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨下静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右颈外静脉" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein" >
|
||
<Body name="右颈外静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈外静脉，右.mp3" englishName="External jugular，L" tip="颈外静脉:由下颌后静脉的后支、耳后静脉和枕静脉在下颌角处汇合而成，沿胸锁乳头肌表面下行，在锁骨上方穿深筋膜，注入锁骨下静脉或静脉角。
|
||
颈外静脉主要收集头皮和面部的静脉血。静脉未端有一对瓣膜，但不能防止血液逆流。
|
||
正常人站位或坐位时，颈外静脉常不显露。当心脏疾病或上腔静脉阻塞引起颈外静脉回流不畅时，在体表可见静脉充盈轮廓，称颈静脉怒张。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein/SM_right_external_jugular_vein/SM_external_jugular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/枕静脉，右.mp3" tip="枕静脉:起自枕部的静脉丛，穿过斜方肌在枕骨的附着点至枕下三角通常与耳后静脉相汇合注入颈外静脉的静脉。" englishName="Occipital,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein/SM_right_external_jugular_vein/SM_occipital_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧耳后静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/耳后静脉，右.mp3" tip="耳后静脉:与耳后动脉在耳郭后方的伴行静脉。
|
||
通常与枕静脉相结合成一干，再与下颌后静脉的后支汇合成颈外静脉。" englishName="Posterior auricular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein/SM_right_external_jugular_vein/SM_posterior_auricular_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌后静脉后支" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下颌后静脉后支，右.mp3" tip="下颌后静脉:由颞浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺内汇合而成。上颌静脉起自翼内肌和翼外肌之间的翼静脉丛。下颌后静脉下行至腮腺下端处分为前、后两支，前支注入面静脉，后支与耳后静脉和静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
|
||
下颌后静脉收集面侧区和颞区的静脉血。" englishName="Retromandibular,posterior division,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein/SM_right_external_jugular_vein/SM_posterior_branch_of_retromandibular_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨下静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/锁骨下静脉，右.mp3" tip="锁骨下静脉:在第1肋外侧缘续于腋静脉，向内行于腋动脉的前下方，至胸锁关节后方与颈内静脉汇合成头臂静脉。两静脉汇合部称静脉角，是淋巴导管的注入部位。锁骨下静脉的主要属支是腋静脉和颈外静脉，临床上常经锁骨上或锁骨下入路作锁骨下静脉导管插入。" englishName="Subclavian,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein/SM_subclavian_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肩胛上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/肩胛上静脉，右.mp3" tip="肩胛上静脉:肩胛上动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
汇入颈外静脉下部，或直接注入锁骨下静脉" englishName="Suprascapular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_right_jugular_vein/SM_right_subclavian_vein/SM_suprascapular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="大脑浅静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein" >
|
||
<Body name="左大脑浅静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧桥静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/桥静脉，左.mp3" tip="桥静脉分布于大脑半球表面、小脑半球表面以及脑桥等部位。它们从脑表面的静脉出发，以一定的角度和路径跨越蛛网膜下腔，连接到硬脑膜静脉窦或其他较大的静脉结构。例如，大脑上静脉的一些属支作为桥静脉，向上跨越蛛网膜下腔，注入上矢状窦；而大脑中浅静脉的部分分支则作为桥静脉，向外侧注入蝶顶窦或海绵窦等。" englishName="Bridging veins" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum/SM_bridging_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下吻合静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/下吻合静脉，左.mp3" tip="下吻合静脉:又称“拉贝静脉”。大脑中浅静脉与大脑下静脉之间的吻合静脉。是大脑半球背外侧面枕叶附近上矢状窦与横窦之间的通道" englishName="Inferior anastomotic vein (of Labbe)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum/SM_inferior_anas_tomotic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑下静脉，左.mp3" tip="大脑下静脉:大脑浅静脉中较小的一组静脉。
|
||
收集大脑半球外侧面下部和底面的血液，注入横窦或大脑大静脉。" englishName="Inferior cerebral" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum/SM_inferior_cerebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑中浅静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑中浅静脉，左.mp3" tip="大脑中浅静脉:主要收集大脑外侧沟附近皮质和部分岛叶血液的静脉。其位于大脑外侧沟中，与大脑中动脉伴行，沿外侧沟向前下注入海绵窦。" englishName="Superficial middle cerebral" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum/SM_superficial_middle_cerebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上吻合静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/上吻合静脉，左.mp3" tip="上吻合静脉:又称“特罗兰静脉”。大脑中浅静脉后端与大脑上静脉之间的吻合静脉。为上矢状窦与颅底静脉窦之间的通道" englishName="Superior anastomotic vein (of Trolard)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum/SM_superior_anastomotic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/大脑上静脉，左.mp3" tip="大脑上静脉:收集大脑半球背外侧面和内侧面大脑皮质及皮质下髓质的静脉血，穿过硬膜下隙，注入上矢状窦的静脉，有若干条，是一组静脉的总称。" englishName="Superior cerebral,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_superficial_temporal_vein_of_left_cerebrum/SM_superior_cerebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右大脑浅静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧桥静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/桥静脉，右.mp3" tip="桥静脉分布于大脑半球表面、小脑半球表面以及脑桥等部位。它们从脑表面的静脉出发，以一定的角度和路径跨越蛛网膜下腔，连接到硬脑膜静脉窦或其他较大的静脉结构。例如，大脑上静脉的一些属支作为桥静脉，向上跨越蛛网膜下腔，注入上矢状窦；而大脑中浅静脉的部分分支则作为桥静脉，向外侧注入蝶顶窦或海绵窦等。" englishName="Bridging veins,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein/SM_Pontine_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧下吻合静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下吻合静脉，右.mp3" tip="下吻合静脉:又称“拉贝静脉”。大脑中浅静脉与大脑下静脉之间的吻合静脉。是大脑半球背外侧面枕叶附近上矢状窦与横窦之间的通道。" englishName="Inferior anastomotic vein (of Labbe),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein/SM_Inferior_vena_cava" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑下静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/大脑下静脉，右.mp3" tip="大脑下静脉:大脑浅静脉中较小的一组静脉。
|
||
收集大脑半球外侧面下部和底面的血液，注入横窦或大脑大静脉。" englishName="Inferior cerebral" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein/SM_Inferior_cerebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑中浅静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/大脑中浅静脉，右.mp3" tip="大脑中浅静脉:主要收集大脑外侧沟附近皮质和部分岛叶血液的静脉。其位于大脑外侧沟中，与大脑中动脉伴行，沿外侧沟向前下注入海绵窦。" englishName="Superficial middle cerebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein/SM_Middle_cerebral_superficial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧上吻合静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/上吻合静脉，右.mp3" englishName="Superior anastomotic vein (of Trolard),R" tip="上吻合静脉:又称“特罗兰静脉”。大脑中浅静脉后端与大脑上静脉之间的吻合静脉。为上矢状窦与颅底静脉窦之间的通道。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein/SM_Superior_vena_cava" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/大脑上静脉，右.mp3" tip="大脑上静脉:收集大脑半球背外侧面和内侧面大脑皮质及皮质下髓质的静脉血，穿过硬膜下隙，注入上矢状窦的静脉，有若干条，是一组静脉的总称。" englishName="Superior cerebral,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_cervical_vein/SM_superficial_cerebral_vein/SM_Right_cerebral_superficial_vein/SM_Superior_cerebral_vein_Right" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸部静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="奇静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_azygos_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="副半奇静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/副半奇静脉.mp3" tip="副半奇静脉:沿胸椎体左侧下行，注入半奇静脉或向右跨过脊柱前面注入奇静脉。
|
||
副半奇静脉收集左侧上部的肋间后静脉的血液" englishName="Accessory hemiazygos" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_azygos_vein/SM_accessory_hemiazygos_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右肋间上静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/右肋间上静脉，右.mp3" tip="右肋间上静脉:右侧第二至第四肋间后静脉形成的静脉。
|
||
汇入奇静脉。" englishName="Superior intercostal,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_azygos_vein/SM_azygos_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="奇静脉" tip="是上、下腔静脉之间的重要连接通道之一，主要收纳胸壁和后纵隔器官的静脉回流，将来自右侧肋间静脉、食管静脉、支气管静脉以及纵隔、心包和半奇静脉等部位的血液，最终送回心脏。" englishName="posterior intercostal vein" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_azygos_vein/SM_posterior_intercostal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋间后静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肋间后静脉，左.mp3" tip="肋间后静脉:肋间后动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
有11对，静脉位于动脉上方并与同名神经伴行。" englishName="Intercostals「01-11」,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_azygos_vein/SM_posterior_intercostal_vein 1" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋间后静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/肋间后静脉，右.mp3" tip="肋间后静脉:肋间后动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
有11对，静脉位于动脉上方并与同名神经伴行。" englishName="Intercostals「01-11」,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_azygos_vein/SM_posterior_intercostal_vein01" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左头臂静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Left_brachial_vein" >
|
||
<Body name="头臂静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/头臂静脉，左.mp3" tip="头臂静脉:由颈内静脉和锁骨下静脉在胸锁关节后方汇合而成。左头臂静脉比右头臂静脉长，向右下斜越左锁骨下动脉、左颈总动脉和头臂干的前面，至右侧第1胸肋结合处后方与右头臂静脉汇合成上腔静脉。头臂静脉还接受椎静脉、胸廓内静脉、肋间最上静脉和甲状腺下静脉等。" englishName="Brachiocephalic (innominate),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Left_brachial_vein/SM_Brachial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状腺下静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/甲状腺下静脉.mp3" englishName="Inferior thyroid (thyroidea ima),L" tip="甲状腺下静脉:起始于甲状腺侧叶下端或峡部下缘，向下经气管前面入胸腔，汇入左、右头臂静脉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Left_brachial_vein/SM_Inferior_thyroid_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸廓内静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸廓内静脉，左.mp3" tip="胸廓内静脉:由腹壁上静脉和肌膈静脉汇合而成的静脉。初为两支，沿同名动脉两侧上升，至第三肋软骨附近合并为一干，注入同侧头臂静脉。" englishName="Internal thoracic (mammary),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Left_brachial_vein/SM_Internal_thoracic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左肋间上静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/左肋间上静脉，左.mp3" tip="左肋间上静脉：左侧第二、三或四肋间后静脉汇成的静脉。
|
||
向前斜行上升，跨过主动脉弓左侧，于左迷走神经的外侧和左膈神经的内侧上行，汇入左头臂静脉。" englishName="Superior intercostal" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Left_brachial_vein/SM_Left_intercostal_superior_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧椎静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/椎静脉，左.mp3" tip="椎静脉:在寰椎后弓的上方，由椎内静脉丛穿出的一些小支和来自颈深部的小静脉汇合而成。
|
||
进入寰椎横突孔，形成从环绕椎动脉周围，至第六颈横突孔(争议点:也有资料提及到第7颈椎的横突孔中，只有椎静脉通过)处合成单的椎静脉，穿出该孔下降注入头臂静脉。" englishName="Vertebral" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Left_brachial_vein/SM_Vertebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右头臂静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Right_brachial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头臂静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/头臂静脉，右.mp3" tip="头臂静脉:由颈内静脉和锁骨下静脉在胸锁关节后方汇合而成。左头臂静脉比右头臂静脉长，向右下斜越左锁骨下动脉、左颈总动脉和头臂干的前面，至右侧第1胸肋结合处后方与右头臂静脉汇合成上腔静脉。头臂静脉还接受椎静脉、胸廓内静脉、肋间最上静脉和甲状腺下静脉等。" englishName="Brachiocephalic (innominate)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Right_brachial_vein/SM_Brachial_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右胸廓内静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/胸廓内静脉，右.mp3" tip="胸廓内静脉:由腹壁上静脉和肌膈静脉汇合而成的静脉。初为两支，沿同名动脉两侧上升，至第三肋软骨附近合并为一干，注入同侧头臂静脉。" englishName="Internal thoracic (mammary),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Right_brachial_vein/SM_R_Internal_thoracic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右椎静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/椎静脉，右.mp3" tip="椎静脉:在寰椎后弓的上方，由椎内静脉丛穿出的一些小支和来自颈深部的小静脉汇合而成。
|
||
进入寰椎横突孔，形成从环绕椎动脉周围，至第六颈横突孔(争议点:也有资料提及到第7颈椎的横突孔中，只有椎静脉通过)处合成单的椎静脉，穿出该孔下降注入头臂静脉。" englishName="Vertebral.R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_Right_brachial_vein/SM_R_Vertebral_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上腔静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/上腔静脉.mp3" englishName="Superior vena cava" tip="上腔静脉:由左、右头臂静脉汇合而成。沿升主动脉右侧下行，至右侧第2胸肋关节后方穿纤维心包，平第3胸肋关节下缘注入右心房。在穿纤维心包之前，有奇静脉注入。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_thoracic_vein/SM_superior_vena_cava" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上肢静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢静脉组" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢深静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧旋肱前静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旋肱前静脉，左.mp3" tip="旋肱前静脉:旋肱前动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Circumflex humeral,anterior" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_anterior_humeral_circumflex_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腋静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/腋静脉，左.mp3" tip="腋静脉:外侧有腋动脉、两者之间有臂丛内侧束、尺神经及前臂内侧皮神经等，内侧有臂内侧皮神经，远端有腋淋巴结外侧群，近端有腋淋巴结尖群。
|
||
当上肢外展时，腋静脉位于腋动脉的前方。腋静脉的属支与腋动脉的分支同名并伴行。
|
||
此外，头静脉穿过锁胸筋膜注入腋静脉。腋静脉的管壁与腋鞘和锁胸筋膜愈着，使其管腔保持扩张状态，一旦损伤容易发生空气栓塞" englishName="Axillary,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_axillary_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧旋肩胛静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旋肩胛静脉，左.mp3" tip="旋肩胛静脉:旋肩胛动脉的伴行静脉，肩胛下静脉的属支。" englishName="Circumflex scapular,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_circumflex_scapular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸外侧静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸外侧静脉，左.mp3" tip="胸外侧静脉:胸外侧动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
接受胸壁外侧的浅静脉，汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Lateral thoracic,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_lateral_thoracic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧旋肱后静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/旋肱后静脉，左.mp3" tip="旋肱后静脉:旋肱后动脉的伴行静脉，汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Circumflex humeral,posterior,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_posterior_humeral_circumflex_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肩胛下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肩胛下静脉，左.mp3" tip="肩胛下静脉:肩胛下动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Subscapular,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_subscapular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸背静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/胸背静脉，左.mp3" tip="胸背静脉:胸背动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
与旋肩胛静脉汇合形成肩胛下静脉，汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Thoracodorsal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_deep_vein/SM_thoracodorsal_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左上肢浅静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_superficial_veins_of_left_upper_extremity" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧头静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/头静脉，左.mp3" tip="头静脉:起自手背静脉网的桡侧，沿前臂下部的桡侧、前臂上部和肘部的前面以及肱二头肌外侧沟上行，再经三角肌与胸大肌间沟行至锁骨下窝，穿深筋膜注入腋静脉或锁骨下静脉。头静脉在肘窝处通过肘正中静脉与贵要静脉交通。头静脉收集手和前臂桡侧浅层结构的静脉血。" englishName="Cephalic,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_Left_superior_extremity_vein/SM_superficial_veins_of_left_upper_extremity/SM_cephalic_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢静脉组" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右上肢深静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧旋肱前静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/旋肱前静脉，右.mp3" tip="旋肱前静脉:旋肱前动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Circumflex humeral,anterior" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_anterior_humeral_circumflex_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腋静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/腋静脉，右.mp3" tip="腋静脉:外侧有腋动脉、两者之间有臂丛内侧束、尺神经及前臂内侧皮神经等，内侧有臂内侧皮神经，远端有腋淋巴结外侧群，近端有腋淋巴结尖群。
|
||
当上肢外展时，腋静脉位于腋动脉的前方。腋静脉的属支与腋动脉的分支同名并伴行。
|
||
此外，头静脉穿过锁胸筋膜注入腋静脉。腋静脉的管壁与腋鞘和锁胸筋膜愈着，使其管腔保持扩张状态，一旦损伤容易发生空气栓塞。" englishName="Axillary,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_axillary_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧旋肩胛静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/旋肩胛静脉，右.mp3" tip="旋肩胛静脉:旋肩胛动脉的伴行静脉，肩胛下静脉的属支。" englishName="Circumflex scapular,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_circumflex_scapular_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸外侧静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/胸外侧静脉，右.mp3" tip="胸外侧静脉:胸外侧动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
接受胸壁外侧的浅静脉，汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Lateral thoracic" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_lateral_thoracic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧旋肱后静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/旋肱后静脉，右.mp3" tip="旋肱后静脉:旋肱后动脉的伴行静脉，汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Circumflex humeral,posterior，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_posterior_humeral_circumflex_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肩胛下静脉" audio="YinPin1(801-1000)/肩胛下动脉，右.mp3" tip="肩胛下静脉:肩胛下动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Subscapular" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_subscapular_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸背静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/胸背静脉，右.mp3" tip="胸背静脉:胸背动脉的伴行静脉。
|
||
与旋肩胛静脉汇合形成肩胛下静脉，汇入腋静脉。" englishName="Thoracodorsal，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_deep_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_thoracodorsal_vein" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢浅静脉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_superficial_veins_of_right_upper_extremity" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧头静脉" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/头静脉，右.mp3" tip="头静脉:起自手背静脉网的桡侧，沿前臂下部的桡侧、前臂上部和肘部的前面以及肱二头肌外侧沟上行，再经三角肌与胸大肌间沟行至锁骨下窝，穿深筋膜注入腋静脉或锁骨下静脉。头静脉在肘窝处通过肘正中静脉与贵要静脉交通。头静脉收集手和前臂桡侧浅层结构的静脉血。" englishName="Cephalic" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JingMai/SM_superior_vena_cava_system/SM_upper_extremity_vein/SM_right_upper_extremity_vein/SM_superficial_veins_of_right_upper_extremity/SM_cephalic_vein" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="骨连结" icon="整体结构-gulianjie.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="脊柱连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼状韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/翼状韧带,左.mp3" tip="翼状韧带:强韧的圆索状韧带，左右各一位于寰椎横韧带上方，起自齿突尖两侧，向外上方止于枕髁内侧面粗糙部。" englishName="Alar ligament,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Alar_ligament_L" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼状韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/翼状韧带,右.mp3" tip="翼状韧带:强韧的圆索状韧带，左右各一位于寰椎横韧带上方，起自齿突尖两侧，向外上方止于枕髁内侧面粗糙部。" englishName="Alar ligament,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Alar_ligament_R" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="寰枕前膜" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枕前膜.mp3" tip="寰枕前膜:连于枕骨大孔前缘与寰椎前弓上缘之间的
|
||
纤维膜。
|
||
较宽阔，多与关节囊愈合。" englishName="Anterior atlantooccipital membrane" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Anterior_atlanto_occipital_membrane" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="寰枢前韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枢前韧带.mp3" tip="寰枢前韧带位于寰椎和枢椎的前方，是一条坚韧的纤维束。它起自寰椎前弓的下缘，向下止于枢椎椎体的前面。" englishName="Anterior atlantoaxial ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Anterior_atlantoaxial_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="前纵韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/前纵韧带.mp3" tip="前纵韧带:是椎体前面延伸的一束坚固的纤维束，宽而坚韧，上自枕骨大孔前缘，下达第1或第2骶椎椎体。其纵行的纤维牢固地附着于椎体和椎间盘，有防止脊柱过度后伸和椎间盘向前脱出的作用。" englishName="Anterior longitudinal ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Anterior_longitudinal_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="齿突尖韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/齿突尖韧带.mp3" tip="齿突尖韧带:位于两侧翼状韧带上缘之间，连结齿突尖与枕骨大孔前缘的细小索状纤维束。" englishName="Alar ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Apical_ligament_of_dens" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧寰枕关节囊" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枕关节囊,左.mp3" tip="寰枕关节囊位于寰椎和枕骨之间，包裹着寰椎的上关节凹与枕骨的枕髁，是连接二者的重要结构。" englishName="Atlanto-occipital capsule,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Atlanto_occipital_joint_capsule_L" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧寰枕关节囊" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枕关节囊,右.mp3" tip="寰枕关节囊位于寰椎和枕骨之间，包裹着寰椎的上关节凹与枕骨的枕髁，是连接二者的重要结构。" englishName="Atlanto-occipital capsule,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Atlanto_occipital_joint_capsule_R" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧寰枢关节囊" tip="寰枕关节囊位于寰椎和枕骨之间，包裹着寰椎的上关节凹与枕骨的枕髁，是连接二者的重要结构" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枢关节囊,左.mp3" englishName="Atlanto-axial capsule,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Atlantoaxial_joint_capsule_L" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧寰枢关节囊" tip="寰枕关节囊位于寰椎和枕骨之间，包裹着寰椎的上关节凹与枕骨的枕髁，是连接二者的重要结构" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枢关节囊,右.mp3" englishName="Atlanto-axial capsule,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Atlantoaxial_joint_capsule_R" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="寰枕后膜" tip="寰枕后膜:位于枕骨大孔后缘与寰椎后弓上缘之间。" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枕后膜.mp3" englishName="Posterior atlantooccipital membrane" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/atlantooccipital_membrane" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="覆膜" audio="YinPin201-300/覆膜.mp3" tip="可视为后纵韧带向上的延续，略呈扇形附着于枢椎椎体后面，上行于寰椎横韧带之后，止于枕骨的斜坡。" englishName="covering membrane" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/covering_membrane" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧覆膜深层" audio="YinPin201-300/覆膜深层,左.mp3" tip="深筋膜又称固有筋膜，由致密结缔组织构成，遍布全身且互相连续。" englishName="Tectorial membrane (deep part),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Deep_fascia_L" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧覆膜深层" audio="YinPin201-300/覆膜深层,右.mp3" tip="深筋膜又称固有筋膜，由致密结缔组织构成，遍布全身且互相连续。" englishName="Tectorial membrane (deep part),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Deep_fascia_R" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="棘间韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/棘间韧带.mp3" tip="棘间韧带:连接于相邻棘突间的薄层纤维，附着于棘突根部到棘突尖" englishName="Interspinous ligaments" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Interspinous_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈部左侧横突间韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/横突间韧带(颈部),左.mp3" tip="位于颈部左侧相邻颈椎的横突之间。从颈椎的侧面观，可看到它连接着各个颈椎横突，是维持颈椎稳定性的结构之一。" englishName="Intertransverse(cervical) ligaments,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Intertransverse_ligaments__neck_L" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈部右侧横突间韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/横突间韧带(颈部),右.mp3" tip="位于颈部左侧相邻颈椎的横突之间。从颈椎的侧面观，可看到它连接着各个颈椎横突，是维持颈椎稳定性的结构之一。" englishName="Intertransverse(cervical) ligaments,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Intertransverse_ligaments__neck_R" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸部左侧横突间韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/横突间韧带(胸部),左.mp3" tip="位于胸部左侧相邻胸椎的横突之间，从胸椎的侧面可以观察到，它连接着各个胸椎的横突。" englishName="Intertransverse(thoracic)ligaments,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Intertransverse_ligaments__thoracic_L" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸部右侧横突间韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/横突间韧带(胸部),右.mp3" tip="位于胸部左侧相邻胸椎的横突之间，从胸椎的侧面可以观察到，它连接着各个胸椎的横突。" englishName="Intertransverse(thoracic)ligaments,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Intertransverse_ligaments__thoracic_R" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="黄韧带颈区" tip="黄韧带:位于椎管内，连结相邻两椎弓板间的韧带:由黄色的弹性纤维构成。黄韧带协助围成椎管，并有限制脊柱过度前屈的作用。" audio="YinPin201-300/黄韧带颈区.mp3" englishName="Ligamenta flava,cervical region" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Ligamentum_flavum_region" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="纵束" audio="YinPin201-300/纵束.mp3" tip="纵束:寰椎横韧带中部向上、下各发出一条纵行纤维束。
|
||
向上的末端附于枕骨大孔前缘为上脚，向下的附于枢椎体后面为下脚。" englishName="Longitudinal fascicles" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Longitudinal_fasciculus" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="项韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/项韧带.mp3" tip="项韧带:位于枕外隆凸、枕外嵴、寰椎后结节及第二至第七颈椎棘突之间的三角形弹性纤维膜,后缘游离而肥厚，有肌肉附着。" englishName="Nuchal ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Nuchal_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="寰枢后韧带" tip="位于寰椎和枢椎的后方，在椎管的前壁处，覆盖于寰枢关节的后方。" audio="YinPin201-300/寰枢后韧带.mp3" englishName="Posterior atlantoaxial ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/posterior_atlantoaxial_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="后纵韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/后纵韧带.mp3" tip="后纵韧带:位于椎管内椎体的后面，窄而坚韧。起自枢椎并与覆盖枢椎椎体的覆膜相续，下达骶骨。与椎间盘纤维环及椎体上下缘紧密连结，而与椎体结合较为疏松，有限制脊柱过度前屈的作用。" englishName="Posterior longitudinal ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Posterior_longitudinal_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="棘上韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/棘上韧带.mp3" tip="棘上韧带:连结胸、腰、骶椎各棘突尖之间的纵行细长韧带，前方与棘间韧带相融合，有限制脊柱前屈的作用。" englishName="Supraspinous ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/supraspinal_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="黄韧带胸区 " tip="黄韧带:位于椎管内，连结相邻两椎弓板间的韧带，由黄色的弹性纤维构成。黄韧带协助围成椎管，并有限制脊柱过度前屈的作用。" audio="YinPin201-300/黄韧带胸区.mp3" englishName="Ligamenta flava,chest region" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Thoracic_region_of_ligamentum_flavum" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="寰椎横韧带" tip="寰椎横韧带，连结寰椎左、右侧块，防止齿突后退。从韧带中部向上有纤维束附于枕骨大孔前缘，向下有纤维束连结枢椎体后面，因此，寰椎横韧带与其上、下两纵行纤维索，共同构成寰椎十字韧带。" audio="YinPin201-300/寰椎横韧带.mp3" englishName="Transverse ligament of atlas" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Transverse_ligament_of_atlas" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="椎间盘" englishName="Vertebral space" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C02-C03椎间盘" audio="YinPin301-400/C02至C03椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。31个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/C02_C03_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03-C04椎间盘 " audio="YinPin301-400/C03至C04椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。30个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/C03_C04_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04-C05椎间盘 " audio="YinPin301-400/C04至C05椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。30个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/C04_C05_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C05-C06椎间盘" audio="YinPin201-300/C05至C06椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。30个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/C05_C06_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C06-C07椎间盘" audio="YinPin201-300/C06至C07椎间盘.mp3" tip="位于颈椎的下部，处于 C6 椎体下方和 C7 椎体上方，是连接这两个椎体的区域。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/C06_C07_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C07-T01椎间盘" audio="YinPin201-300/C07至T01椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。26个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/C07_T01_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="T01-T02椎间盘" audio="YinPin201-300/T01至T02椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。26个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/T01_T02_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="T02-T03椎间盘" audio="YinPin201-300/T02至T03椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。26个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/T02_T03_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="T03-T04椎间盘 " audio="YinPin201-300/T03至T04椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。26个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/T03_T04_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="T04-T05椎间盘" audio="YinPin201-300/T04至T05椎间盘.mp3" tip="椎间盘:是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘(第1及第2颈椎之间除外)，成人有23个椎间盘。椎间盘由两部分构成，中央部为髓核，是柔软而富有弹性的胶状物质，为胚胎时脊索的残留物。周围部为纤维环，由多层纤维软骨环按同心圆排列组成，牢固连结各椎体上、下面，保护髓核并限制髓核向周围膨出。
|
||
椎间盘既坚韧，又富弹性，承受压力时被压缩，除去压力后又复原，具有“弹性垫”样作用，可缓冲外力对脊柱的震荡，也可增加脊柱的运动幅度。26个椎间盘的厚薄各不相同，以中胸部较薄，颈部较厚，而腰部最厚，所以颈、腰椎的活动度较大。颈、腰部的椎间盘前厚后薄，胸部的则与此相反。其厚薄和大小可随年龄而有差异。当纤维环破裂时，髓核容易向后外侧脱出，突入椎管或椎间孔，压迫相邻的脊髓或神经根引起放射性痛临床称为椎间盘脱出症。" englishName="Intervertebral disc" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Articulations_of_the_spine/Vertebral_space/T04_T05_vertebral_space" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颅骨连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左颅骨连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳软骨" audio="YinPin201-300/耳软骨,左.mp3" tip="位于耳廓内，是外耳的一部分，外侧呈稍向内卷曲的圆弧形游离于体表，内侧连接外耳道软骨，前方呈凹陷状正对外耳道外口，后方较为平整但稍膨隆，与头颅约成 30° 夹角。" englishName="Auricular(ear)cartilage,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture/Cartilage_of_the_ear" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颞下颌外侧韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/颞下颌外侧韧带,左.mp3" tip="颞下颌外侧韧带:起自题骨颧突下缘，止于下颌头和下颌颈，呈三角形的韧带.与关节囊外侧壁愈合，可限制下颌头向前方运动。" englishName="Lateral ligament(mandible),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture/Lateral_temporomandibular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="蝶下颌韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/蝶下颌韧带,左.mp3" tip="蝶下颌韧带:起于蝶骨角棘，止于下颌小舌。" englishName="Sphenomandibular ligament,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture/Sphenomandibular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="茎突舌骨韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/茎突舌骨韧带,左.mp3" tip="茎突舌骨韧带:连于颞骨茎突尖端和舌骨小角之间的纤维索。" englishName="Stylohyoid ligament,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture/Stylohyoid_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="茎突下颌韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/茎突下颌韧带,左.mp3" tip="茎突下颌韧带:由颈深筋膜增厚而成，起于颞骨茎突尖部，止于下颌角和下颌支的后缘." englishName="Stylomandibular ligament" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture/Stylomandibular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颞下颌关节囊" englishName="Joint capsule(mandible),L" audio="YinPin201-300/颞下颌关节囊,左.mp3" tip="颞下颌关节囊:上前方附着于关节结节顶部的前方;上后方附着于鼓鳞裂;前内方与翼外肌上头融合;外侧附着于颧弓、关节窝的边缘和关节结节;内侧止于蝶骨嵴;下方止于髁突颈部。除内、外侧直接附着于髁突以外，关节盘四周均与关节囊相连，因此将颞下颌关节间隙分为两个互不相通的上、下腔，上腔大而下腔小。关节腔内衬以滑膜," path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Left_cranial_suture/Temporomandibular_joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右颅骨连结" tip="" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳软骨" audio="YinPin201-300/耳软骨,右.mp3" englishName="Auricular(ear)cartilage,R" tip="主要由软骨细胞和富含弹性蛋白、胶原蛋白的细胞外基质组成，这种成分赋予了耳软骨良好的弹性和韧性。其没有神经分布，但有神经纤维随血管分布于软骨膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture/Cartilage_of_the_ear" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颞下颌外侧韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/颞下颌外侧韧带,右.mp3" tip="颞下颌外侧韧带:起自题骨颧突下缘，止于下颌头和下颌颈，呈三角形的韧带.与关节囊外侧壁愈合，可限制下颌头向前方运动。" englishName="Lateral ligament(mandible),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture/Lateral_temporomandibular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="蝶下颌韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/蝶下颌韧带,右.mp3" tip="蝶下颌韧带:起于蝶骨角棘，止于下颌小舌。" englishName="Sphenomandibular ligament，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture/Sphenomandibular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="茎突舌骨韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/茎突舌骨韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Stylohyoid ligament,R" tip="茎突舌骨韧带:连于颞骨茎突尖端和舌骨小角之间的纤维索。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture/Stylohyoid_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="茎突下颌韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/茎突下颌韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Stylomandibular ligament,R" tip="茎突下颌韧带:由颈深筋膜增厚而成，起于颞骨茎突尖部，止于下颌角和下颌支的后缘." path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture/Stylomandibular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颞下颌关节囊" englishName="Joint capsule(mandible),R" audio="YinPin201-300/颞下颌关节囊,右.mp3" tip="颞下颌关节囊:上前方附着于关节结节顶部的前方;上后方附着于鼓鳞裂;前内方与翼外肌上头融合;外侧附着于颧弓、关节窝的边缘和关节结节;内侧止于蝶骨嵴;下方止于髁突颈部。除内、外侧直接附着于髁突以外，关节盘四周均与关节囊相连，因此将颞下颌关节间隙分为两个互不相通的上、下腔，上腔大而下腔小。关节腔内衬以滑膜," path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Cranial_suture/Right_cranial_suture/Temporomandibular_joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上肢骨连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢骨连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢带连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左肩关节" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩锁韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/肩锁韧带,左.mp3" tip="肩锁韧带:为肩锁关节囊上部增厚的部分，呈长方形，连结锁骨肩峰端与肩峰的上面之间。" englishName="Acromioclavicular ligament,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Acromioclavicular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锥状韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/锥状韧带,左.mp3" tip="锥状韧带:斜方韧带的后内侧，呈椎状，较厚的韧带。
|
||
底部连结锁骨下面的后缘，尖部连结喙突根部的内侧缘和后缘，部分与肩胛上横韧带愈合。" englishName="Coracoclavicular ligament,conoid portion,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Conoid_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喙肱韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/喙肱韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Coracoacromial ligament,L" tip="喙肱韧带:为一宽而强的韧带，起自喙突根部的外侧缘，斜向外下方，达肱骨大结节的前面，与冈上肌腱相愈合。其前缘和上缘游离，后续和下缘与关节囊愈合。此韧带加强关节囊的上部，并能限制肱骨向外侧旋转，还防止肱骨头向上方脱位。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Coracoacromial_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喙肩韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/喙肩韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Coracohumeral ligament,L" tip="喙肩韧带:为三角形的扁韧带，连于肩胛骨的喙突与肩峰之间，它与喙突、肩峰共同构成喙肩弓，架于肩关节上方，有防止肱骨头向上脱位的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Coracohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂唇 " audio="YinPin201-300/盂唇,左.mp3" englishName="Glenoid labrum,L" tip="盂唇:附着于关节盂周缘的纤维软骨环。
|
||
主要起加深关节窝、增大关节面的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Glenoid" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂肱下韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/盂肱下韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Inferior glenohumeral ligament,L" tip="盂肱韧带:位于关节囊前壁的内侧面，分上、中、下三部，起于关节盂边缘，止于肱骨小结节至肱骨解剖颈下部的韧带。有加强关节囊前壁的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Inferior_glenohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩关节囊" audio="YinPin201-300/肩关节囊,左.mp3" englishName="Articular capsule(shoulder),L" tip="关节囊:结缔组织膜构成的囊，附着于关节面周缘及其相邻的骨面上，并与骨膜融合，分内、外两层。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂肱中韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/孟肱中韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Superior glenohumeral ligament,L" tip="盂肱韧带:位于关节囊前壁的内侧面，分上、中、下三部，起于关节盂边缘，止于肱骨小结节至肱骨解剖颈下部的韧带。有加强关节囊前壁的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Middle_glenohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂肱上韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/盂肱上韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Superior glenohumeral ligament,L" tip="盂肱韧带:位于关节囊前壁的内侧面，分上、中、下三部，起于关节盂边缘，止于肱骨小结节至肱骨解剖颈下部的韧带。有加强关节囊前壁的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Superior_glenohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛上横韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/肩胛上横韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Superior transverse scapular ligament,L" tip="肩胛上横韧带:连结肩胛骨背侧面上缘和喙突基底部的韧带。横跨肩胛切迹的上方，与此切迹围成一孔，内有肩胛上神经通过。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Superior_transverse_scapular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肱横韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/肱横韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Transverse humeral ligament,L" tip="肱横韧带:连于大、小结节之间肱骨的固有韧带，与结节间沟共同围成一管，有肱二头肌长头腱通过。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Transverse_humeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="斜方韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/斜方韧带,左.mp3" englishName="Coracoclavicular ligament,trapezoid portion,L" tip="斜方韧带:连结锁骨下面的喙突粗隆和肩胛骨喙突的韧带。
|
||
位于喙锁韧带前外侧，呈斜方形。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Left_shoulder_joint/Trapezoid_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸锁关节" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Sternoclavicular_joint" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸锁关节囊" audio="YinPin201-300/胸锁关节囊,左.mp3" englishName="Capsule of the sternoclavicular joint,L" tip="关节囊:结缔组织膜构成的囊。附着于关节面周缘及其相邻的骨面上，并与骨膜融合，分内、外两层。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_bone_connection/Left_upper_limb_belt_connection/Sternoclavicular_joint/Sternoclavicular_joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢骨连结" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右上肢带连结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右肩关节" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩锁韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/肩锁韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Acromioclavicular ligament,R" tip="肩锁韧带:为肩锁关节囊上部增厚的部分，呈长方形，连结锁骨肩峰端与肩峰的上面之间。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Acromioclavicular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锥状韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/锥状韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Coracoclavicular ligament,conoid portion,R" tip="锥状韧带:斜方韧带的后内侧，呈椎状，较厚的韧带。
|
||
底部连结锁骨下面的后缘，尖部连结喙突根部的内侧缘和后缘，部分与肩胛上横韧带愈合。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Conoid_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喙肱韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/喙肱韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Coracoacromial ligament,R" tip="喙肱韧带:为一宽而强的韧带，起自喙突根部的外侧缘，斜向外下方，达肱骨大结节的前面，与冈上肌腱相愈合。其前缘和上缘游离，后续和下缘与关节囊愈合。此韧带加强关节囊的上部，并能限制肱骨向外侧旋转，还防止肱骨头向上方脱位。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Coracoacromial_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喙肩韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/喙肩韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Coracohumeral ligament,R" tip="喙肩韧带:为三角形的扁韧带，连于肩胛骨的喙突与肩峰之间，它与喙突、肩峰共同构成喙肩弓，架于肩关节上方，有防止肱骨头向上脱位的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Coracohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂唇" audio="YinPin201-300/盂唇,右.mp3" englishName="Glenoid labrum,R" tip="盂唇:附着于关节盂周缘的纤维软骨环。
|
||
主要起加深关节窝、增大关节面的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Glenoid" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂肱下韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/盂肱下韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Inferior glenohumeral ligament,R" tip="盂肱韧带:位于关节囊前壁的内侧面，分上、中、下三部，起于关节盂边缘，止于肱骨小结节至肱骨解剖颈下部的韧带。有加强关节囊前壁的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Inferior_glenohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩关节囊" audio="YinPin201-300/肩关节囊,右.mp3" englishName="Articular capsule(shoulder),R" tip="关节囊:结缔组织膜构成的囊，附着于关节面周缘及其相邻的骨面上，并与骨膜融合，分内、外两层。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂肱中韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/孟肱中韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Middle alenohumeral ligament.R" tip="盂肱韧带:位于关节囊前壁的内侧面，分上、中、下三部，起于关节盂边缘，止于肱骨小结节至肱骨解剖颈下部的韧带。有加强关节囊前壁的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Middle_glenohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="盂肱上韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/盂肱上韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Superior glenohumeral ligament,R" tip="盂肱韧带:位于关节囊前壁的内侧面，分上、中、下三部，起于关节盂边缘，止于肱骨小结节至肱骨解剖颈下部的韧带。有加强关节囊前壁的作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Superior_glenohumeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛上横韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/肩胛上横韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Superior transverse scapular ligament,R" tip="肩胛上横韧带:连结肩胛骨背侧面上缘和喙突基底部的韧带。横跨肩胛切迹的上方，与此切迹围成一孔，内有肩胛上神经通过。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Superior_transverse_scapular_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肱横韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/肱横韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Transverse humeral ligament,R" tip="肱横韧带:连于大、小结节之间肱骨的固有韧带，与结节间沟共同围成一管，有肱二头肌长头腱通过。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Transverse_humeral_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="斜方韧带" audio="YinPin201-300/斜方韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Coracoclavicular ligament,trapezoid portion,R" tip="斜方韧带:连结锁骨下面的喙突粗隆和肩胛骨喙突的韧带。
|
||
位于喙锁韧带前外侧，呈斜方形。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Right_shoulder_joint/Trapezoid_ligament" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸锁关节" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Sternoclavicular_joint" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸锁关节囊" audio="YinPin201-300/胸锁关节囊,右.mp3" englishName="Capsule of the sternoclavicular joint,R" tip="关节囊:结缔组织膜构成的囊。附着于关节面周缘及其相邻的骨面上，并与骨膜融合，分内、外两层。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_GuLianJie/Upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_bone_connection/Right_upper_limb_belt_connection/Sternoclavicular_joint/Sternoclavicular_joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!--肌肉模块添加 ，IsbodyList，没法在结构里，显示隐藏-->
|
||
<Body name="肌肉" icon="JiRou.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou" isBodyList="true" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="滑囊" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左肩关节囊" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Left_shoulder_joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩峰下囊(左侧)" audio="YinPin201-300/肩峰下囊,左.mp3" englishName="Subacromial bursa,L" tip="肩峰下囊:位于肩峰与冈上肌腱之间的滑膜囊，向前可延至喙肩韧带的下方。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Left_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subacromial_bursa" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩峰皮下囊(左侧)" audio="YinPin201-300/肩峰皮下囊,左.mp3" englishName="Subcutaneous acromial bursa,L" tip="肩峰皮下囊:位于皮肤与肩峰背面之间的滑膜囊。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Left_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subcutaneous_bursa_of_acromion" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="喙突下囊（左侧）" audio="YinPin201-300/喙突下囊,左.mp3" englishName="Submental bursa,L" tip="喙突下囊:分为内外两个滑囊，二者相连，外侧滑囊后面是肩胛下肌肌腱，前面有小部分到肱骨小结节，下部由内及外为:喙肱肌、肱二头肌短头、三角肌:上部为:肩胛骨喙突、三角肌、喙肩韧带;内侧滑囊上后壁为肩胛骨喙突，前外侧壁为肩胛下肌上缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Left_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Submental_bursa" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛下肌囊(左侧)" audio="YinPin201-300/肩胛下肌囊,左.mp3" englishName="Subscapularis muscle bursa,L " tip="肩胛下肌囊:位于肩胛下肌腱和关节囊之间的滑膜曩。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Left_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subscapularis_muscle_bursa" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="三角肌下囊(左侧) " audio="YinPin201-300/三角肌下囊,左.mp3" englishName="Subtriangular muscle bursa,L" tip="三角肌下囊:位于三角肌中部上份与肱骨大结节之间的滑膜囊。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Left_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subtriangular_muscle_bursa" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右肩关节囊" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Right_shoulder_joint_capsule" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩峰下囊(右侧)" audio="YinPin1-100/肩峰下囊,右.mp3" englishName="Subacromial bursa,R" tip="肩峰下囊:位于肩峰与冈上肌腱之间的滑膜囊，向前可延至喙肩韧带的下方。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Right_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subacromial_bursa" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩峰皮下囊(右侧)" audio="YinPin1-100/肩峰皮下囊,右.mp3" englishName="Subcutaneous acromial bursa,R" tip="肩峰皮下囊:位于皮肤与肩峰背面之间的滑膜囊。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Right_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subcutaneous_bursa_of_acromion" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喙突下囊（右侧）" audio="YinPin101-200/喙突下囊,右.mp3" englishName="Submental bursa,R" tip="喙突下囊:分为内外两个滑囊，二者相连，外侧滑囊后面是肩胛下肌肌腱，前面有小部分到肱骨小结节，下部由内及外为:喙肱肌、肱二头肌短头、三角肌:上部为:肩胛骨喙突、三角肌、喙肩韧带;内侧滑囊上后壁为肩胛骨喙突，前外侧壁为肩胛下肌上缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Right_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Submental_bursa" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛下肌囊(右侧)" audio="YinPin101-200/肩胛下肌囊,右.mp3" englishName="Subscapularis muscle bursa,R" tip="肩胛下肌囊:位于肩胛下肌腱和关节囊之间的滑膜曩。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Right_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subscapularis_muscle_bursa" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="三角肌下囊(右侧)" audio="YinPin1-100/三脚肌下囊,右.mp3" englishName=" Subtriangular muscle bursa,R" tip="三角肌下囊:位于三角肌中部上份与肱骨大结节之间的滑膜囊。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_HuaNang/SM_Right_shoulder_joint_capsule/SM_Subtriangular_muscle_bursa" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左颈肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈前肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌骨下肌群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_infrahyoid_muscle_group" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧肩胛舌骨肌" audio="YinPin101-200/肩胛舌骨肌,左.mp3" englishName="Omohyoid,L" tip="起点:肩胛骨上缘、肩胛横韧带
|
||
止点:舌骨体外侧半
|
||
主要作用:下降舌骨
|
||
神经支配:颈袢(C1-3)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_omohyoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸骨舌骨肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸骨舌骨肌,左.mp3" englishName="Geniohyoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_sternohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:胸骨柄及锁骨内侧端后面
|
||
止点:舌骨体内侧半
|
||
主要作用:下拉舌骨
|
||
神经支配:颈袢(C1-3)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸骨甲状肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸骨甲状肌,左.mp3" englishName="Sternothyroid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_sternothyroid_muscle" tip="起点:胸骨柄、第一肋后面
|
||
止点:甲状软骨板斜线
|
||
主要作用:下拉甲状软骨
|
||
神经支配:颈袢(C1-3)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="甲状舌骨肌" audio="YinPin101-200/甲状舌骨肌,左.mp3" englishName="Thyrohyoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_thyrohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:甲状软骨板斜线
|
||
止点:舌骨体与舌骨大角交界处
|
||
主要作用:下拉舌骨
|
||
神经支配:舌下神经(C1-3)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌骨上肌群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_suprahyoid_muscle_group" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="二腹肌纤维环" audio="YinPin201-300/二腹肌纤维环,左.mp3" englishName="Digastric fibrous loop,L" tip="二腹肌纤维环:二腹肌在下颌骨的下方，有前、后二腹。前腹起自下颌骨二腹肌窝，斜向后下方;后腹起自乳突内侧，斜向前下;两个肌腹以中间腱相连，中间腱借筋膜形成滑车系于舌骨。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_digastric_fibrous_ring" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="二腹肌" audio="YinPin101-200/二腹肌,左.mp3" englishName="Diqastric,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_digastric_muscle" tip="起点:前腹:下颌骨二腹肌窝;后腹:乳突切迹
|
||
止点:中间腱附舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:上提舌骨，降下颌骨
|
||
神经支配:前腹:三叉神经;后腹:面神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下颌舌骨肌" englishName="Mylohyoid" tip="起点:下颌体内面，颌舌线
|
||
止点:下颌舌骨肌缝、舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:拉舌骨向前上
|
||
神经支配:下颌舌骨肌神经(三叉神经)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_mylohyoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颏舌骨肌" audio="YinPin201-300/颏舌骨肌,左.mp3" englishName="Geniohyoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_sternohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:下颌骨颏棘
|
||
止点:舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:上提舌骨
|
||
神经支配:舌下神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="茎突舌骨肌" audio="YinPin101-200/茎突舌骨肌,左.mp3" englishName="Stylohyoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_left_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_stylohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:茎突根部。
|
||
止点:舌骨大角基部
|
||
主要作用:拉舌骨向后上。
|
||
神经支配:面神经" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈深肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧椎前肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈长肌下斜肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈长肌下斜肌,左.mp3" englishName="Longus colli (inferior oblique),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle/SM_inferior_oblique_muscle_of_longus_colli" tip="颈长肌位于脊柱前面，位于C1至T3椎体之间。其中间宽，两头窄，由三部分组成:上斜部、下斜部、中间垂直部。其上斜部起自第3、4、5颈椎横突，斜向内上，以肌腱止于C1的前弓;其下斜部，是三部分最小的部分，起自T1、T2、T3椎体前面，止于第5、第6颈椎横突;垂直部分，起自上3个胸椎和下3个颈椎，止于第2、3、4颈椎椎体。此肌单侧收缩时，使颈侧屈，双侧收缩时，使颈前屈。受颈神经前支支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧头长肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头长肌,左.mp3" englishName="Longus capitis,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle/SM_longus_capitis_muscle" tip="起点:第3-6颈椎横突前结节
|
||
止点:枕骨底部下面
|
||
主要作用:头前屈及侧屈
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C1-6)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈长肌中间垂直部" audio="YinPin101-200/颈长肌中间垂直肌,左.mp3" tip="位于颈部脊柱的前方，具体在颈椎椎体的前外侧。左侧颈长肌中间垂直部处于颈长肌的左侧中间区域，上起自第 3 颈椎，下至第 5 颈椎或第 6 颈椎椎体的前面。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle/SM_middle_vertical_muscle_of_longus_colli" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧头前直肌" englishName="Rectus capitis anterior" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle/SM_rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle" tip="起点:寰椎横突
|
||
止点:枕骨底下面，枕骨大孔前面
|
||
主要作用:低头，侧屈
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C1-2)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧头外侧直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头外侧直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis lateralis,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle/SM_rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle" tip="起点:寰椎横突
|
||
止点:枕骨外侧部
|
||
主要作用:低头，侧屈
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C1-2)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈长肌上斜肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈长肌上斜肌,左.mp3" englishName="Longus colli (superior oblique),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_left_prevertebral_muscle/SM_superior_oblique_muscle_of_longus_colli" tip="颈长肌位于脊柱前面，位于C1至T3椎体之间。其中间宽，两头窄，由三部分组成:上斜部、下斜部中间垂直部。其上斜部起自第3、4、5颈椎横突，斜向内上，以肌腱止于C1的前弓;其下斜部，是三部分最小的部分，起自T1、T2、T3椎体前面，止于第5、第6颈椎横突;垂直部分，起自上3个胸椎和下3个颈椎，止于第2、3、4颈椎椎体。此肌单侧收缩时，使颈侧屈，双侧收缩时，使颈前屈。受颈神经前支支配。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧前斜角肌" audio="YinPin101-200/前斜角肌,左.mp3" englishName="Scalenus anterior,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_scalenus_anterior_muscle" tip="起点:第3-6颈椎横突前结节
|
||
止点:第1肋斜角肌结节
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使颈侧屈、旋转，两侧收缩使颈前屈，上提第1、2肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C5-6)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧中斜角肌" audio="YinPin101-200/中斜角肌,左.mp3" englishName="Scalenus medius,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_scalenus_medius_muscle" tip="起点:第2-7颈椎横突后结节
|
||
止点:第1肋上面中份
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使颈侧屈、旋转，两侧收缩使颈前屈，上提第1、2肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C5-6)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧后斜角肌" audio="YinPin101-200/后斜角肌,左.mp3 " englishName="Scalenus posterior,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_scalenus_posterior_muscle" tip="起点:第4-6颈椎横突后结节
|
||
止点:第2肋
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使颈侧屈、旋转，两侧收缩使颈前屈，上提第1、2肋助吸气神经支配:颈神经前支(C5-6)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈浅肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_superficial_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈阔肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈阔肌,左.mp3" englishName="Platysma,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_superficial_cervical_muscle/SM_platysma_muscle" tip="起点:三角肌筋膜、胸大肌筋膜止点:下颌骨下缘、腮腺咬肌筋膜
|
||
主要作用:紧张颈部皮肤
|
||
神经支配:面神经颈支" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸锁乳突肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸锁乳突肌,左.mp3" englishName="Sternocleidomastoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_left_cervical_muscle/SM_left_superficial_cervical_muscle/SM_sternocleidomastoid_muscle" tip="起点:胸骨柄前面、锁骨内1/3上缘
|
||
止点:颞骨乳突外面，上项线外1/3
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使头向同侧倾斜，脸转向对侧;两侧同时收缩可使头后仰。
|
||
神经支配:副神经及颈2-3神经前支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右颈肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈前肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌骨下肌群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_infrahyoid_muscle_group" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧肩胛舌骨肌" audio="YinPin1-100/肩胛舌骨肌,右.mp3" englishName="Omohyoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_omohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:肩胛骨上缘、肩胛横韧带
|
||
止点:舌骨体外侧半
|
||
主要作用:下降舌骨
|
||
神经支配:颈袢(C1-3)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸骨舌骨肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸骨舌骨肌,右.mp3" englishName="Sternohyoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_sternohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:胸骨柄及锁骨内侧端后面
|
||
止点:舌骨体内侧半
|
||
主要作用:下拉舌骨
|
||
神经支配:颈袢(C1-3)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸骨甲状肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸骨甲状肌,右.mp3" englishName="Sternothyroid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_sternothyroid_muscle" tip="起点:胸骨柄、第一肋后面
|
||
止点:甲状软骨板斜线
|
||
主要作用:下拉甲状软骨
|
||
神经支配:颈袢(C1-3)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧甲状舌骨肌" englishName="Thyrohyoid,R" audio="YinPin1-100/甲状舌骨肌,右.mp3" tip="位于颈部前外侧，起始于甲状软骨斜线，向上止于舌骨体和舌骨大角外侧，呈长方形、扁平状。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_infrahyoid_muscle_group/SM_thyrohyoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌骨上肌群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_suprahyoid_muscle_group" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="二腹肌纤维环" audio="YinPin101-200/二腹肌纤维环,右.mp3" englishName="Digastric fibrous loop,R" tip="二腹肌纤维环:二腹肌在下颌骨的下方，有前、后二腹。前腹起自下颌骨二腹肌窝，斜向后下方;后腹起自乳突内侧，斜向前下;两个肌腹以中间腱相连，中间腱借筋膜形成滑车系于舌骨。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_digastric_fibrous_ring" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="二腹肌" englishName="Diqastric,R" audio="YinPin1-100/二腹肌,右.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_digastric_muscle" tip="起点:前腹:下颌骨二腹肌窝;后腹:乳突切迹
|
||
止点:中间腱附舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:上提舌骨，降下颌骨
|
||
神经支配:前腹:三叉神经;后腹:面神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颏舌骨肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颏舌骨肌,右.mp3" englishName="Geniohyoid,R" tip="起点:下颌骨颏棘
|
||
止点:舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:上提舌骨
|
||
神经支配:舌下神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_geniohyoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下颌舌骨肌" audio="YinPin1-100/下颌舌骨肌,右.mp3" englishName="Mylohyoid,R" tip="起点:下颌体内面，颌舌线
|
||
止点:下颌舌骨肌缝、舌骨体
|
||
主要作用:拉舌骨向前上
|
||
神经支配:下颌舌骨肌神经(三叉神经)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_mylohyoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="茎突舌骨肌" englishName="Stylohyoid,R" audio="YinPin1-100/茎突舌骨肌,右.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_anterior_cervical_muscle/SM_right_suprahyoid_muscle_group/SM_stylohyoid_muscle" tip="起点:茎突根部。
|
||
止点:舌骨大角基部
|
||
主要作用:拉舌骨向后上。
|
||
神经支配:面神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈深肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧椎前肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈长肌下斜肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈长肌下斜肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longus colli (inferior oblique),R" tip="颈长肌位于脊柱前面，位于C1至T3椎体之间。其中间宽，两头窄，由三部分组成:上斜部、下斜部、中间垂直部。其上斜部起自第3、4、5颈椎横突，斜向内上，以肌腱止于C1的前弓;其下斜部，是三部分最小的部分，起自T1、T2、T3椎体前面，止于第5、第6颈椎横突;垂直部分，起自上3个胸椎和下3个颈椎，止于第2、3、4颈椎椎体。此肌单侧收缩时，使颈侧屈，双侧收缩时，使颈前屈。受颈神经前支支配。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle/SM_inferior_oblique_muscle_of_longus_colli" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧头长肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头长肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longus capitis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle/SM_longus_capitis_muscle" tip="起点:第3-6颈椎横突前结节
|
||
止点:枕骨底部下面
|
||
主要作用:头前屈及侧屈
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C1-6)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈长肌中间垂直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈长肌中间垂直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longus colli(vertica),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle/SM_middle_vertical_muscle_of_longus_colli" tip="颈长肌位于脊柱前面，位于C1至T3椎体之间。其中间宽，两头窄，由三部分组成:上斜部、下斜部、中间垂直部。其上斜部起自第3、4、5颈椎横突，斜向内上，以肌腱止于C1的前弓;其下斜部，是三部分最小的部分，起自T1、T2、T3椎体前面，止于第5、第6颈椎横突;垂直部分，起自上3个胸椎和下3个颈椎，止于第2、3、4颈椎椎体。此肌单侧收缩时，使颈侧屈，双侧收缩时，使颈前屈。受颈神经前支支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧头前直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头前直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis anterior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle/SM_rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle" tip="起点:寰椎横突
|
||
止点:枕骨底下面，枕骨大孔前面
|
||
主要作用:低头，侧屈
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C1-2)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧头外侧直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头外侧直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis lateralis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle/SM_rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle" tip="起点:寰椎横突
|
||
止点:枕骨外侧部
|
||
主要作用:低头，侧屈
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C1-2)" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈长肌上斜肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈长肌上斜肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longus colli (superior oblique),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_right_prevertebral_muscle/SM_superior_oblique_muscle_of_longus_colli" tip="颈长肌位于脊柱前面，位于C1至T3椎体之间。其中间宽，两头窄，由三部分组成:上斜部、下斜部中间垂直部。其上斜部起自第3、4、5颈椎横突，斜向内上，以肌腱止于C1的前弓;其下斜部，是三部分最小的部分，起自T1、T2、T3椎体前面，止于第5、第6颈椎横突;垂直部分，起自上3个胸椎和下3个颈椎，止于第2、3、4颈椎椎体。此肌单侧收缩时，使颈侧屈，双侧收缩时，使颈前屈。受颈神经前支支配。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧前斜角肌" audio="YinPin1-100/前斜角肌,右.mp3" englishName="Scalenus anterior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_scalenus_anterior_muscle" tip="起点:第3-6颈椎横突前结节
|
||
止点:第1肋斜角肌结节
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使颈侧屈、旋转，两侧收缩使颈前屈，上提第1、2肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C5-6)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中斜角肌" audio="YinPin1-100/中斜角肌,右.mp3" englishName="Scalenus medius,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_scalenus_medius_muscle" tip="起点:第2-7颈椎横突后结节
|
||
止点:第1肋上面中份
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使颈侧屈、旋转，两侧收缩使颈前屈，上提第1、2肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:颈神经前支(C5-6)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧后斜角肌" audio="YinPin1-100/后斜角肌,右.mp3" englishName="Scalenus posterior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_deep_cervical_muscle/SM_scalenus_posterior_muscle" tip="起点:第4-6颈椎横突后结节
|
||
止点:第2肋
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使颈侧屈、旋转，两侧收缩使颈前屈，上提第1、2肋助吸气神经支配:颈神经前支(C5-6)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈浅肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_superficial_cervical_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈阔肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈阔肌,右.mp3" englishName="Platysma,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_superficial_cervical_muscle/SM_platysma_muscle" tip="起点:三角肌筋膜、胸大肌筋膜止点:下颌骨下缘、腮腺咬肌筋膜
|
||
主要作用:紧张颈部皮肤
|
||
神经支配:面神经颈支" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸锁乳突肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸锁乳突肌,右.mp3" englishName="Sternocleidomastoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_JingJi/SM_right_cervical_muscle/SM_right_superficial_cervical_muscle/SM_sternocleidomastoid_muscle" tip="起点:胸骨柄前面、锁骨内1/3上缘
|
||
止点:颞骨乳突外面，上项线外1/3
|
||
主要作用:一侧收缩使头向同侧倾斜，脸转向对侧;两侧同时收缩可使头后仰。
|
||
神经支配:副神经及颈2-3神经前支" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="躯干肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="背肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左背肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧背部深层肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧棘间肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/Left_interspinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈棘间肌" audio="YinPin201-300/颈棘间肌,左.mp3" englishName="Interspinales cervicis,L" tip="起点:椎体的棘突
|
||
止点:上一个椎体棘突
|
||
主要作用:后伸脊柱节段
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/Left_interspinalis_muscle/SM_Cervical_interspinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧竖脊肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧髂肋肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_iliocostalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈髂肋肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈髂肋肌,左.mp3" englishName="lliocostalis cervicis,L" tip="起点:上6个肋骨角
|
||
止点:C4-6的横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_iliocostalis_muscle/SM_Cervical_iliocostalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸髂肋肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸髂肋肌,左.mp3" englishName="lliocostalis thoracis,L" tip="起点:下6个肋骨的上缘
|
||
止点:上6个肋骨角的下缘
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_iliocostalis_muscle/SM_Thoracic_iliocostalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧最长肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_longissimus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头最长肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头最长肌,左.mp3" englishName="Longissimus capitis,L" tip="起点:中下颈椎的横突和小关节突、上胸椎的横突
|
||
止点:颞骨乳突的后面
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_longissimus_muscle/SM_Longissimus_capitis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈最长肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈最长肌,左.mp3" englishName="Longissimus cervicis,L " tip="起点:T1-5(6)的横突
|
||
止点:C2-6的横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_longissimus_muscle/SM_Longissimus_cervicis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸最长肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸最长肌,左.mp3" englishName="Longissimus thoracis,L" tip="起点:骶骨、髂嵴、下胸椎和全部腰椎的棘突
|
||
止点:全部胸椎的横突、肋角和肋结节之间、上腰椎的
|
||
横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_longissimus_muscle/SM_Longissimus_thoracis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧棘肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_spinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈棘肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈棘肌,左.mp3" englishName="Spinalis cervicis,L" tip="起点:C6-T2的棘突
|
||
止点:C2棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_spinalis_muscle/SM_Cervical_spinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸棘肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸棘肌,左.mp3" englishName="Spinalis thoracis,L" tip="起点:骶骨、髂嵴、下胸椎和全部腰椎的棘突
|
||
止点:T3(4)-8(9)棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Left_spinalis_muscle/SM_Thoracic_spinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧横突间肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
<Body name="颈前横突间肌" englishName="Anterior cervical intertransversarii muscle" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_intertransversarii_muscle/SM_Anterior_cervical_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈后部横突间肌" englishName=" Posterior cervical intertransversarii muscle" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_intertransversarii_muscle/SM_Posterior_cervical_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸横突间肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸横突间肌,左.mp3" englishName="Intertransversarii thoracis,L" tip="胸横突间肌:相邻胸椎横突之间的小肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_intertransversarii_muscle/SM_Thoracic_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧夹肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_splenius_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头夹肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头夹肌,左.mp3" englishName="Splenius capitis,L" tip="起点:项韧带下部第7颈椎和T1-3棘突
|
||
止点:颞骨乳突及枕骨上项线外侧1/3下方的部分
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，使头颈伸直;单侧收缩时，使头颈向同侧侧屈和回旋
|
||
神经支配:颈神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_splenius_muscle/SM_Splenius_capitis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈夹肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈夹肌,左.mp3" englishName="Splenius cervicis,L" tip="起点:T3-6棘突
|
||
止点:C1-3横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，使头颈伸直;单侧收缩时，使
|
||
头颈向同侧侧屈和回旋
|
||
神经支配:颈神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_splenius_muscle/SM_Splenius_cervicis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧枕下肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_suboccipital_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头下斜肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头下斜肌,左.mp3" englishName="Obliquus capitis inferior" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。
|
||
椎枕肌受枕下神经(第1颈神经后支)支配。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Obliquus_capitis_inferior_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头上斜肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头上斜肌,左.mp3" englishName="Obliquus capitis superior,L" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。
|
||
头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。
|
||
椎枕肌受枕下神经(第1颈神经后支)支配。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Obliquus_capitis_superior_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头后大直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头后大直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis posterior major,L" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。
|
||
头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于枕骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。
|
||
椎枕肌受枕下神经(第1颈神经后支)支配。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头后小直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/头后小直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis posterior minor,L" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。
|
||
头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。:(第1颈神经后支)支配。椎枕肌受枕下神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_Left_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧横突棘肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧回旋肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_rotatores_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸回旋长肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸回旋长肌,左.mp3" englishName="Rotatores thoracis longi,L" tip="起点:椎体的横突
|
||
止点:向上跨越一个椎体后，止于棘突的基底部
|
||
主要作用:单侧收缩使脊柱转向对侧;双侧收缩使脊柱伸直
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_rotatores_muscle/SM_Thoracic_long_rotatores_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸回旋短肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸回旋短肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rotatores thoracis breves,R" tip="起点:椎体的横突
|
||
止点:上一个椎体棘突的基底部
|
||
主要作用:单侧收缩使脊柱转向对侧;双侧收缩使脊柱伸直
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_rotatores_muscle/SM_Thoracic_short_rotatores_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧半棘肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_semispinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头半棘肌内侧束" audio="" englishName="Inner cluster semispinalis capitis muscle" tip="头半棘肌内侧肌群位于头半棘肌的内侧部分，在项部深层，从颈椎延伸至枕骨。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Inner_cluster_of_semispinalis_capitis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头半棘肌外侧束" englishName="Outer cluster semispinalis capitis muscle" tip="位于头半棘肌的外侧，处于颈部深层肌肉的中间层，覆盖在颈椎和上胸椎的两侧。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Outer_cluster_of_semispinalis_capitis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈半棘肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈半棘肌,左.mp3" englishName="Semispinalis cervicis,L" tip="起点:T1-6的横突
|
||
止点:C2-C7的棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，可使脊柱后伸，特别是头颈部;控制向收缩侧的屈曲;维持头的躯体姿势
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Semispinalis_cervicis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸半棘肌" audio="YinPin101-200/胸半棘肌,左.mp3" englishName="Semispinalis thoracis,L" tip="起点:T6-12的横突
|
||
止点:上胸椎和下颈椎的棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，可使脊柱后伸，特别是头颈部;控制向收缩侧的屈曲;维持头的躯体姿势神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Left_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Semispinalis_thoracis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="多裂肌" audio="YinPin101-200/多裂肌,左.mp3" englishName="Multifidus，L" tip="起点:骶骨背面，腰、胸椎横突和第4-7颈椎关节突
|
||
止点:L5-C2棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，可使脊柱后伸，特别是头颈部;控制向收缩侧的屈曲，单侧收缩时向对侧旋转椎
|
||
体
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_left_deep_back_muscle/SM_left_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Multifidus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧背部浅层肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_Left_superficial_back_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛提肌" audio="YinPin101-200/肩胛提肌,左.mp3" englishName="Levator scapulae,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_Left_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Levator_scapulae_muscle" tip="起点:上位颈椎横突
|
||
止点:肩胛骨上角和内侧缘的上部
|
||
主要作用:上提肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:肩胛背神经(C4-6)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大菱形肌" audio="YinPin1-100/大菱形肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rhomboideus major" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_Left_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Rhomboid_major_muscle" tip="起点:下位颈椎和上位胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:肩胛骨内侧缘
|
||
主要作用:上提和内牵肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:肩胛背神经(C4-6)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="小菱形肌" audio="YinPin101-200/小菱形肌,左.mp3" englishName="Rhomboid minor muscle,L" tip="起点:下位颈椎和上位胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:肩胛骨内侧缘
|
||
主要作用:上提和内牵肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:肩胛背神经(C4-6)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_Left_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Rhomboid_minor_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上后锯肌" audio="YinPin101-200/上后锯肌,左.mp3" englishName="Serratus posterior superior,L" tip="起点:下两个颈椎和上两个胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:第2-5肋骨角的外方
|
||
主要作用:提肋
|
||
神经支配:肋间神经(T1-4)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_Left_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Superior_posterior_serratus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="斜方肌" audio="YinPin101-200/斜方肌,左.mp3" englishName="Trapezius,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_left_back_muscles/SM_Left_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Trapezius_muscle" tip="起点:上项线、枕外隆凸、项韧带、全部胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:锁骨外1/3、肩峰、肩胛冈
|
||
主要作用:拉肩胛骨向中线靠拢，上部纤维提肩胛骨，下部纤维降肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:副神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右背肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧背部深层肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧竖脊肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧髂肋肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_iliocostalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈髂肋肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈髂肋肌,右.mp3" englishName="lliocostalis cervicis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_iliocostalis_muscle/SM_Cervical_iliocostalis_muscle" tip="起点:上6个肋骨角
|
||
止点:C4-6的横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸髂肋肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸髂肋肌,右.mp3" englishName="lliocostalis thoracis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_iliocostalis_muscle/SM_Thoracic_iliocostalis_muscle" tip="起点:下6个肋骨的上缘
|
||
止点:上6个肋骨角的下缘
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧最长肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_longissimus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头最长肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头最长肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longissimus capitis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_longissimus_muscle/SM_Longissimus_capitis_muscle" tip="起点:中下颈椎的横突和小关节突、上胸椎的横突
|
||
止点:颞骨乳突的后面
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈最长肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈最长肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longissimus cervicis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_longissimus_muscle/SM_Longissimus_cervicis_muscle" tip="起点:T1-5(6)的横突
|
||
止点:C2-6的横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸最长肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸最长肌,右.mp3" englishName="Longissimus thoracis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_longissimus_muscle/SM_Longissimus_thoracis_muscle" tip="起点:骶骨、髂嵴、下胸椎和全部腰椎的棘突
|
||
止点:全部胸椎的横突、肋角和肋结节之间、上腰椎的
|
||
横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧棘肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_spinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈棘肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈棘肌,右.mp3" englishName="Spinalis cervicis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_spinalis_muscle/SM_Cervical_spinalis_muscle" tip="起点:C6-T2的棘突
|
||
止点:C2棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸棘肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸棘肌,右.mp3" englishName="Spinalis thoracis，R" tip="起点:骶骨、髂嵴、下胸椎和全部腰椎的棘突
|
||
止点:T3(4)-8(9)棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，后伸脊柱，维持人体的直立躯体姿势，在脊柱屈曲时起稳定作用，来对抗腹肌和重力的作用;单侧收缩时，使脊柱向同侧侧屈，使脊柱向同侧旋转，对抗离心力以维持稳定
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_erector_spinae_muscle/SM_Right_spinalis_muscle/SM_Thoracic_spinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧棘间肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_interspinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈棘间肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颈棘间肌,右.mp3" englishName="Interspinales cervicis,R" tip="起点:椎体的棘突
|
||
止点:上一个椎体棘突
|
||
主要作用:后伸脊柱节段
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_interspinalis_muscle/SM_Cervical_interspinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧横突间肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈前部横突间肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈横突间前肌,右.mp3" tip="位于颈椎横突之间，具体在颈椎椎体的两侧，从寰椎(第 1 颈椎)到第 7 颈椎的横突之间均有分布。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_intertransversarii_muscle/SM_Anterior_cervical_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈后部横突间肌" tip="位于颈椎椎骨的后方，连接相邻颈椎的横突。具体来说，是在颈椎棘突的两侧，从第 1 颈椎(寰椎)到第 7 颈椎之间。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_intertransversarii_muscle/SM_Posterior_cervical_intertransversarii_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸横突间肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸横突间肌,右.mp3" englishName="Intertransversarii thoracis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_intertransversarii_muscle/SM_Thoracic_intertransversarii_muscle" tip="胸横突间肌:相邻胸椎横突之间的小肌。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧夹肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_splenius_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头夹肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头夹肌,右.mp3" englishName="Splenius capitis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_splenius_muscle/SM_Splenius_capitis_muscle" tip="起点:项韧带下部第7颈椎和T1-3棘突
|
||
止点:颞骨乳突及枕骨上项线外侧1/3下方的部分
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，使头颈伸直;单侧收缩时，使头颈向同侧侧屈和回旋
|
||
神经支配:颈神经后支" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈夹肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈夹肌,右.mp3" englishName="Splenius cervicis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_splenius_muscle/SM_Splenius_cervicis_muscle" tip="起点:T3-6棘突
|
||
止点:C1-3横突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，使头颈伸直;单侧收缩时，使
|
||
头颈向同侧侧屈和回旋
|
||
神经支配:颈神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧枕下肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_suboccipital_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头下斜肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头下斜肌,右.mp3" englishName="Obliquus capitis inferior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Obliquus_capitis_inferior_muscle" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。
|
||
椎枕肌受枕下神经(第1颈神经后支)支配。" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头上斜肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头上斜肌,右.mp3" englishName="Obliquus capitis superior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Obliquus_capitis_superior_muscle" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。
|
||
头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。
|
||
椎枕肌受枕下神经(第1颈神经后支)支配。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头后大直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头后大直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis posterior major,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。
|
||
头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于枕骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。
|
||
椎枕肌受枕下神经(第1颈神经后支)支配。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头后小直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/头后小直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rectus capitis posterior minor,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_Right_suboccipital_muscle/SM_Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle" tip="枕下肌:又名椎枕肌，包括4对连接于第1、2颈椎与枕骨之间发育良好的短肌，即头后小直肌、头后大直肌、头上斜肌、头下斜肌，其中后三者构成枕下三角。
|
||
头后大直肌呈三角形，起自枢椎棘突，止于下项线的外侧部。头后小直肌亦呈三角形，较小，居内侧，起自寰椎后结节，止于下项线内侧部。两肌作用相同，一侧收缩头转向同侧，两侧收缩使头后仰。头上斜肌起自寰椎横突，斜向内上方，止于骨下项线上方的骨面，一侧收缩使头转向对侧并向同侧侧屈，两侧收缩使头后仰。头下斜肌起自枢椎棘突，斜向外上方，止于寰椎横突。一侧收缩使头转向同侧并屈;两侧收缩使头后仰。:(第1颈神经后支)支配。椎枕肌受枕下神经">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧横突棘肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="多裂肌" englishName="Multifidus，R" audio="YinPin1-100/多裂肌,右.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Multifidus_muscle" tip="起点:骶骨背面，腰、胸椎横突和第4-7颈椎关节突
|
||
止点:L5-C2棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，可使脊柱后伸，特别是头颈部;控制向收缩侧的屈曲，单侧收缩时向对侧旋转椎
|
||
体
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧回旋肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_rotatores_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸部长回旋肌" englishName=" Rotatores thoracis longi,R" audio="YinPin1-100/胸回旋长肌,右.mp3" tip="起点:椎体的横突
|
||
止点:向上跨越一个椎体后，止于棘突的基底部
|
||
主要作用:单侧收缩使脊柱转向对侧;双侧收缩使脊柱伸直
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_rotatores_muscle/SM_Thoracic_long_rotatores_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸部短回旋肌" englishName="Rotatores thoracis breves,R" audio="YinPin1-100/胸回旋短肌,右.mp3" tip="起点:椎体的横突
|
||
止点:上一个椎体棘突的基底部
|
||
主要作用:单侧收缩使脊柱转向对侧;双侧收缩使脊柱伸直
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_rotatores_muscle/SM_Thoracic_short_rotatores_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧半棘肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_semispinalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头半棘肌内侧肌群" audio="YinPin1-100/头半棘肌内丛,右.mp3" englishName="Inner cluster semispinalis capitis muscle，R" tip="头半棘肌内侧肌群位于头半棘肌的内侧部分，在项部深层，从颈椎延伸至枕骨。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Inner_cluster_of_semispinalis_capitis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头半棘肌外侧肌群" audio="YinPin1-100/头半棘肌外丛,右.mp3" englishName="Outer cluster semispinalis capitis muscle，R" tip="位于头半棘肌的外侧，处于颈部深层肌肉的中间层，覆盖在颈椎和上胸椎的两侧。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Outer_cluster_of_semispinalis_capitis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈半棘肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颈半棘肌,右.mp3" englishName="Semispinalis cervicis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Semispinalis_cervicis_muscle" tip="起点:T1-6的横突
|
||
止点:C2-C7的棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，可使脊柱后伸，特别是头颈部;控制向收缩侧的屈曲;维持头的躯体姿势
|
||
神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸半棘肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸半棘肌,右.mp3" englishName="Semispinalis thoracis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_right_deep_back_muscle/SM_right_transversospinalis_muscle/SM_Right_semispinalis_muscle/SM_Semispinalis_thoracis_muscle" tip="起点:T6-12的横突
|
||
止点:上胸椎和下颈椎的棘突
|
||
主要作用:双侧收缩时，可使脊柱后伸，特别是头颈部;控制向收缩侧的屈曲;维持头的躯体姿势神经支配:脊神经后支">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧背部浅层肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_Right_superficial_back_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛提肌" audio="YinPin1-100/肩胛提肌,右.mp3" englishName="Levator scapulae,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_Right_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Levator_scapulae_muscle" tip="起点:上位颈椎横突
|
||
止点:肩胛骨上角和内侧缘的上部
|
||
主要作用:上提肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:肩胛背神经(C4-6)" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大菱形肌" audio="YinPin1-100/大菱形肌,右.mp3" englishName="Rhomboideus major,R" tip="起点:下位颈椎和上位胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:肩胛骨内侧缘
|
||
主要作用:上提和内牵肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:肩胛背神经(C4-6)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_Right_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Rhomboid_major_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="小菱形肌" englishName="Rhomboid minor muscle,R" audio="YinPin1-100/小菱形肌,右.mp3" tip="起点:下位颈椎和上位胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:肩胛骨内侧缘
|
||
主要作用:上提和内牵肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:肩胛背神经(C4-6)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_Right_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Rhomboid_minor_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上后锯肌" audio="YinPin1-100/上后锯肌,右.mp3" englishName="Serratus posterior superior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_Right_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Superior_posterior_serratus_muscle" tip="起点:下两个颈椎和上两个胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:第2-5肋骨角的外方
|
||
主要作用:提肋
|
||
神经支配:肋间神经(T1-4)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="斜方肌" audio="YinPin1-100/斜方肌,右.mp3" englishName="Trapezius,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_back_muscles/SM_right_back_muscles/SM_Right_superficial_back_muscle/SM_Trapezius_muscle" tip="起点:上项线、枕外隆凸、项韧带、全部胸椎棘突
|
||
止点:锁骨外1/3、肩峰、肩胛冈
|
||
主要作用:拉肩胛骨向中线靠拢，上部纤维提肩胛骨，下部纤维降肩胛骨
|
||
神经支配:副神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸部肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸上肢肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸大肌上束" audio="YinPin101-200/胸大肌上束,左.mp3" englishName="Pectoralis major Superior bundle,L" tip="起点:胸大肌上中下束起点:锁骨内侧 2/3 段、胸骨前面、第1~6肋软骨前面等
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节嵴
|
||
主要作用:内收、内旋及屈肩关节
|
||
神经支配:胸外侧神经(C5-T1)、胸内侧神经(C7-T1)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/zuo_shangshu" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸大肌中束" audio="YinPin101-200/胸大肌中束,左.mp3" englishName="Pectoralis maior Middle bundle,L" tip="起点:胸大肌上中下束起点:锁骨内侧 2/3 段、胸骨
|
||
前面、第1~6肋软骨前面等
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节嵴
|
||
主要作用:内收、内旋及屈肩关节
|
||
神经支配:胸外侧神经(C5-T1)、胸内侧神经(C7-T1)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/zuo_zhongshu" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸小肌" audio="YinPin2/左侧胸小肌.mp3" englishName="Pectoralis minor" tip="位于胸大肌深层的三角形扁肌，起于第3-5肋骨前外侧，向上外方走行，以短腱止于肩胛骨喙突。功能为下拉肩胛骨(拮抗斜方肌)，辅助深吸气时提升肋骨。胸小肌过度紧张可压迫臂丛神经和腋血管，导致胸廓出口综合征。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Pectoralis_minor" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧前锯肌" audio="YinPin2/左侧前锯肌.mp3" englishName="Serratus anterior" tip="贴附于胸廓侧壁的锯齿状阔肌，起自上8-9肋骨外侧面，向后内走行，止于肩胛骨内侧缘(脊柱缘)。主要功能为固定肩胛骨于胸壁(与菱形肌协同)，上肢前推时防止“翼状肩”。损伤可导致肩胛骨内侧缘翘起(典型体征：翼状肩胛)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Serratus_anterior" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<!--<Body name="左侧胸骨肌" englishName="Sternalis muscle" tip="解剖定位：罕见变异肌(仅约3-8%人群存在)，纵行于胸骨前方皮下。
|
||
起止点：起于胸骨柄或上段胸骨体，向上止于右侧胸锁关节或锁骨胸骨端。
|
||
功能：可能辅助肩部运动或深呼吸，但无明确生理意义。
|
||
临床意义：易被误诊为胸骨区肿物，需通过影像学鉴别。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Sternalis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧锁骨下肌" audio="YinPin2/左侧锁骨下肌.mp3" englishName="Subclavius" tip="解剖定位：位于右侧锁骨与第1肋之间的小型梭形肌。
|
||
起止点：起于第1肋软骨交界处，斜向外上止于锁骨中段下面。
|
||
功能：下拉锁骨以稳定胸锁关节，协助举重物时固定肩带。
|
||
临床意义：过度紧张可能压迫臂丛神经下干，导致胸廓出口综合征。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Subclavius_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸固有肌" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肋间外肌" audio="YinPin101-200/肋间外肌,左.mp3" englishName="External intercostal,L" tip="起点:上位肋骨下缘
|
||
止点:下位肋骨上缘
|
||
主要作用:提肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:肋间神经(T1-12)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_External_intercostal_muscle_Left" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧第一肋的最内肋间肌" audio="YinPin2/第一肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishName="First intercostal intimus" tip="解剖定位：位于肋间内肌深层，紧贴胸膜，仅存在于肋间隙前1/3(第1-3肋多见)。
|
||
功能：与肋间内肌协同收缩，辅助呼气时下拉肋骨，参与呼吸运动。
|
||
神经支配：肋间神经(T1-T3)。
|
||
临床意义：手术分离肋骨时需谨慎操作，避免损伤胸膜。
|
||
右侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：与左侧对称，但右侧第1肋间隙更窄，操作风险较高。
|
||
左侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：毗邻左侧锁骨下血管及胸导管(左侧第1肋附近)，胸腔镜手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Innermost_intercostal_muscle_of_the_first_rib_Left" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第二肋的最内肋间肌" audio="YinPin2/第二肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishName="Second intercostal intimus" tip="解剖定位：位于肋间内肌深层，紧贴胸膜，仅存在于肋间隙前1/3(第1-3肋多见)。
|
||
功能：与肋间内肌协同收缩，辅助呼气时下拉肋骨，参与呼吸运动。
|
||
神经支配：肋间神经(T1-T3)。
|
||
临床意义：手术分离肋骨时需谨慎操作，避免损伤胸膜。
|
||
右侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：与左侧对称，但右侧第1肋间隙更窄，操作风险较高。
|
||
左侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：毗邻左侧锁骨下血管及胸导管(左侧第1肋附近)，胸腔镜手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Innermost_intercostal_muscle_of_the_second_rib_Left" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧第三肋的最内肋间肌" audio="YinPin2/第三肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishName="Third intercostal intimus" tip="解剖定位：位于肋间内肌深层，紧贴胸膜，仅存在于肋间隙前1/3(第1-3肋多见)。
|
||
功能：与肋间内肌协同收缩，辅助呼气时下拉肋骨，参与呼吸运动。
|
||
神经支配：肋间神经(T1-T3)。
|
||
临床意义：手术分离肋骨时需谨慎操作，避免损伤胸膜。
|
||
右侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：与左侧对称，但右侧第1肋间隙更窄，操作风险较高。
|
||
左侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：毗邻左侧锁骨下血管及胸导管(左侧第1肋附近)，胸腔镜手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Innermost_intercostal_muscle_of_the_third_rib_Left" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋间内肌" audio="YinPin101-200/肋间内肌,左.mp3" englishName="Internal intercostal,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Internal_intercostal_muscle_Left" tip="起点:下位肋骨上缘
|
||
止点:上位肋骨下缘
|
||
主要作用:降肋助呼气
|
||
神经支配:肋间神经(T1-12)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋长提肌" audio="YinPin101-200/肋长提肌,左.mp3" englishName="Levatores costarum (longi),L" tip="肋长提肌:肌束较长的下4对肋提肌。
|
||
越过上位肋骨止于下位肋骨。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_long_levator_costarum_muscle_Left" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋短提肌" audio="YinPin101-200/肋短提肌,左.mp3" englishName="Levatores costarum (breves),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_left_chest_muscles/SM_Left_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Short_levator_costarum_muscle_Left" tip="肋短提肌:上8对肋提肌。
|
||
止于邻近肋骨。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸部肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸上肢肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸大肌中束" audio="YinPin1-100/胸大肌中束,右.mp3" englishName="Pectoralis minor" tip="起点:胸大肌上中下束起点:锁骨内侧 2/3 段、胸骨
|
||
前面、第1~6肋软骨前面等
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节嵴
|
||
主要作用:内收、内旋及屈肩关节
|
||
神经支配:胸外侧神经(C5-T1)、胸内侧神经(C7-T1)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/you_zhongshu" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸大肌上束" audio="YinPin1-100/胸大肌上束,右.mp3" englishName="Pectoralis minor" tip="起点:胸大肌上中下束起点:锁骨内侧 2/3 段、胸骨前面、第1~6肋软骨前面等
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节嵴
|
||
主要作用:内收、内旋及屈肩关节
|
||
神经支配:胸外侧神经(C5-T1)、胸内侧神经(C7-T1)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/you_shangshu" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!--<Body name="右侧胸大肌" englishName="Pectoralis major1" tip="覆盖胸廓前上部的扇形阔肌，分锁骨部(起于锁骨内侧半)、胸肋部(起于胸骨及第2-6肋软骨)和腹部(起于腹直肌鞘)。纤维向外侧汇聚，以肌腱止于肱骨大结节嵴。主要功能为肩关节内收、内旋及屈曲(锁骨部)，在投掷、攀爬等动作中起重要作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Pectoralis_major1" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸小肌" audio="YinPin1-100/胸小肌,右.mp3" englishName="Pectoralis minor" tip="起点:第3-5肋骨或(第2-5肋骨变异)
|
||
止点:肩胛骨喙突
|
||
主要作用:拉肩胛骨向下,肩胛骨固定时可提肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:胸内侧神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Pectoralis_minor" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧前锯肌" audio="YinPin2/第二肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishName="Serratus anterior" tip="贴附于胸廓侧壁的锯齿状阔肌，起自上8-9肋骨外侧面，向后内走行，止于肩胛骨内侧缘(脊柱缘)。主要功能为固定肩胛骨于胸壁(与菱形肌协同)，上肢前推时防止“翼状肩”。损伤可导致肩胛骨内侧缘翘起(典型体征：翼状肩胛)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Serratus_anterior" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!--<Body name="右侧胸骨肌" englishName="Sternalis muscle" tip="解剖定位：罕见变异肌(仅约3-8%人群存在)，纵行于胸骨前方皮下。
|
||
起止点：起于胸骨柄或上段胸骨体，向上止于右侧胸锁关节或锁骨胸骨端。
|
||
功能：可能辅助肩部运动或深呼吸，但无明确生理意义。
|
||
临床意义：易被误诊为胸骨区肿物，需通过影像学鉴别。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Sternalis_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨下肌" audio="YinPin2/右侧锁骨下肌.mp3" englishName="Subclavius" tip="解剖定位：位于右侧锁骨与第1肋之间的小型梭形肌。
|
||
起止点：起于第1肋软骨交界处，斜向外上止于锁骨中段下面。
|
||
功能：下拉锁骨以稳定胸锁关节，协助举重物时固定肩带。
|
||
临床意义：过度紧张可能压迫臂丛神经下干，导致胸廓出口综合征。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_pectoral_upper_limb_muscle/SM_Subclavius_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸固有肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋间外肌" audio="YinPin1-100/肋间外肌,右.mp3" englishName="External intercostal" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_External_intercostal_muscle" tip="起点:上位肋骨下缘
|
||
止点:下位肋骨上缘
|
||
主要作用:提肋助吸气
|
||
神经支配:肋间神经(T1-12)">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧第一肋的最内肋间肌" audio="YinPin2/右侧第一肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishNametip="First intercostal,R" tip="解剖定位：位于肋间内肌深层，紧贴胸膜，仅存在于肋间隙前1/3(第1-3肋多见)。
|
||
功能：与肋间内肌协同收缩，辅助呼气时下拉肋骨，参与呼吸运动。
|
||
神经支配：肋间神经(T1-T3)。
|
||
临床意义：手术分离肋骨时需谨慎操作，避免损伤胸膜。
|
||
右侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：与左侧对称，但右侧第1肋间隙更窄，操作风险较高。
|
||
左侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：毗邻左侧锁骨下血管及胸导管(左侧第1肋附近)，胸腔镜手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Innermost_intercostal_muscle_of_the_first_rib" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧第二肋的最内肋间肌" audio="YinPin2/右侧第二肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishName="Second intercostal,R" tip="解剖定位：位于肋间内肌深层，紧贴胸膜，仅存在于肋间隙前1/3(第1-3肋多见)。
|
||
功能：与肋间内肌协同收缩，辅助呼气时下拉肋骨，参与呼吸运动。
|
||
神经支配：肋间神经(T1-T3)。
|
||
临床意义：手术分离肋骨时需谨慎操作，避免损伤胸膜。
|
||
右侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：与左侧对称，但右侧第1肋间隙更窄，操作风险较高。
|
||
左侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：毗邻左侧锁骨下血管及胸导管(左侧第1肋附近)，胸腔镜手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Innermost_intercostal_muscle_of_the_second_rib" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧第三肋的最内肋间肌" audio="YinPin2/右侧第三肋的最内肋间肌.mp3" englishName="Third intercostal,R" tip="解剖定位：位于肋间内肌深层，紧贴胸膜，仅存在于肋间隙前1/3(第1-3肋多见)。
|
||
功能：与肋间内肌协同收缩，辅助呼气时下拉肋骨，参与呼吸运动。
|
||
神经支配：肋间神经(T1-T3)。
|
||
临床意义：手术分离肋骨时需谨慎操作，避免损伤胸膜。
|
||
右侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：与左侧对称，但右侧第1肋间隙更窄，操作风险较高。
|
||
左侧第1-3肋最内肋间肌：毗邻左侧锁骨下血管及胸导管(左侧第1肋附近)，胸腔镜手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Innermost_intercostal_muscle_of_the_third_rib" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋间内肌" audio="YinPin1-100/肋间内肌,右.mp3" englishName="Internal intercostal,R" tip="起点:下位肋骨上缘
|
||
止点:上位肋骨下缘
|
||
主要作用:降肋助呼气
|
||
神经支配:肋间神经(T1-12)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Internal_intercostal_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋长提肌" audio="YinPin1-100/肋长提肌,右.mp3" englishName="Levatores costarum (longi)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_long_levator_costarum_muscle" tip="肋长提肌:肌束较长的下4对肋提肌。
|
||
越过上位肋骨止于下位肋骨。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋短提肌" audio="YinPin1-100/肋短提肌,右.mp3" englishName="Levatores costarum (breves)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_QuGanJi/SM_chest_muscles/SM_right_chest_muscles/SM_Right_proper_thoracic_muscle/SM_Short_levator_costarum_muscle" tip="肋短提肌:上8对肋提肌。
|
||
止于邻近肋骨。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上肢肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上肢肌肉组" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左臂肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左臂肌肉后群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/Posterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左臂肱三头肌长头" audio="YinPin2/左臂肱三头肌长头.mp3" englishName="Triceps brachii,long head" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨盂下结节，与外侧头、内侧头合并止于尺骨鹰嘴。
|
||
功能：伸肘，辅助肩关节后伸。
|
||
临床意义：长头肌腱断裂可导致肘关节伸展无力。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/Posterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles/SM_Long_head_of_triceps_brachii" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂肌肉前群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/SM_Anterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左臂喙肱肌" audio="YinPin2/左臂喙肱肌.mp3" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨喙突，止于肱骨中段内侧。
|
||
功能：肩关节屈曲、内收(与肱二头肌协同)。
|
||
临床意义：肌皮神经穿行其中，损伤可致前臂感觉运动障碍。" englishName="Coracobrachialis" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/SM_Anterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles/SM_Coracobrachialis" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左臂结节间腱鞘" audio="YinPin2/左臂结节间腱鞘.mp3" tip="解剖定位：包裹肱二头肌长头腱，位于肱骨大、小结节间的骨沟内。
|
||
功能：减少肌腱与骨沟的摩擦。
|
||
临床意义：腱鞘炎症(常见于重复抬举动作)可引发肩前区疼痛。" englishName="Intertubercular tendon sheath" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/SM_Anterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles/SM_Intertubercular_tendon_sheath" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂肱二头肌长头" audio="YinPin2/左臂肱二头肌长头.mp3" tip="长头：起于肩胛骨盂上结节，跨越肩关节。
|
||
止点：桡骨粗隆及前臂深筋膜(通过腱膜)。
|
||
功能：屈肘、前臂旋后。
|
||
临床意义：长头肌腱脱位多见于外伤，表现为肩部弹响及疼痛。" englishName="Pectoralis maior Middle bundle" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/SM_Anterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles/SM_Long_head_of_biceps_brachii" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂肱二头肌短头" audio="YinPin2/左臂肱二头肌短头.mp3" tip="短头：起于肩胛骨喙突。
|
||
止点：桡骨粗隆及前臂深筋膜(通过腱膜)。
|
||
功能：短头辅助肩关节前屈。" englishName="Biceps brachii,short head" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_arm_muscles/SM_Anterior_group_of_left_arm_muscles/SM_Short_head_of_biceps_brachii" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左上肢带肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧三角肌前束" audio="YinPin101-200/三脚肌前束,左.mp3" englishName="Deltoid,anterior head,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Anterior_fasciculus_of_deltoid_muscle" tip="起点:锁骨外侧1/3、肩峰、肩胛冈
|
||
止点:肱骨三角肌粗隆
|
||
主要作用:肩关节外展、前屈和旋内(前部肌束)、后伸和旋外(后部肌束)
|
||
神经支配:腋神经(C5-7)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂冈下肌" audio="YinPin1-100/冈下肌,右.mp3" englishName="Infraspinatus,L" tip="起点:肩胛骨冈下窝
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节中部
|
||
主要作用:肩关节旋外
|
||
神经支配:肩胛上神经(C5-6)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Infraspinatus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧三角肌中束" audio="YinPin101-200/三脚肌中束,左.mp3" englishName="Deltoid,middle head,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Middle_fasciculus_of_deltoid_muscle" tip="起点:锁骨外侧1/3、肩峰、肩胛冈
|
||
止点:肱骨三角肌粗隆
|
||
主要作用:肩关节外展、前屈和旋内(前部肌束)、后伸和旋外(后部肌束)
|
||
神经支配:腋神经(C5-7)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左臂三角肌后束" audio="YinPin201-300/三角肌后束,左.mp3" englishName="Deltoid,posterior head,L" tip="起点:锁骨外侧1/3、肩峰、肩胛冈
|
||
止点:肱骨三角肌粗隆
|
||
主要作用:肩关节外展、前屈和旋内(前部肌束)、后
|
||
伸和旋外(后部肌束)
|
||
神经支配:腋神经(C5-7)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Posterior_fasciculus_of_deltoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肩胛下肌" audio="YinPin201-300/肩胛下肌,左.mp3" englishName="Subscapularis,L" tip="起点:肩胛下窝
|
||
止点:肱骨小结节
|
||
主要作用:肩关节内收、旋内
|
||
神经支配:肩胛下神经(C5-6)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Subscapularis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂冈上肌" audio="YinPin201-300/冈上肌,左.mp3" englishName="Supraspinatus,L" tip="起点:肩胛骨冈上窝
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节上部
|
||
主要作用:肩关节外展
|
||
神经支配:肩胛上神经(C5-6)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Supraspinatus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂小圆肌" audio="YinPin201-300/小圆肌,左.mp3" englishName="Teres minor,L" tip="起点:肩胛骨外侧缘背面
|
||
止点:肱骨大结节下部
|
||
主要作用:肩关节旋外
|
||
神经支配:腋神经(C5-7)”，共同对抗肩关节内旋应力。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_left_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_Left_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Teres_minor_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂肌肉" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂肌肉前群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Anterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂喙肱肌" audio="YinPin2/右臂喙肱肌.mp3" tip="起点:肩胛骨喙突
|
||
止点:肱骨中部，内侧
|
||
主要作用:屈肩及上臂内收
|
||
神经支配:肌皮神经(C5-7)。" englishName="Coracobrachialis" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Anterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles/SM_Coracobrachialis" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂结节间腱鞘" audio="YinPin2/右臂结节间腱鞘.mp3" tip="解剖定位：包裹肱二头肌长头腱，位于肱骨大、小结节间的骨沟内。
|
||
功能：减少肌腱与骨沟的摩擦。
|
||
临床意义：腱鞘炎症(常见于重复抬举动作)可引发肩前区疼痛。" englishName="Intertubercular tendon sheath" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Anterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles/SM_Intertubercular_tendon_sheath" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂肱二头肌长头" audio="YinPin101-200/肱二头肌长头,右.mp3" tip="长头：起于肩胛骨盂上结节，跨越肩关节。
|
||
止点：桡骨粗隆及前臂深筋膜(通过腱膜)。
|
||
功能：屈肘、前臂旋后。
|
||
临床意义：长头肌腱脱位多见于外伤，表现为肩部弹响及疼痛。" englishName="Pectoralis maior Middle bundle" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Anterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles/SM_Long_head_of_biceps_brachii" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂肱二头肌短头" audio="YinPin101-200/肱二头肌短头,右.mp3" tip="起点:肩胛骨喙突
|
||
止点:桡骨粗隆
|
||
主要作用:屈肘关节、前臂旋后
|
||
神经支配:肌皮神经(C5-7)" englishName="Biceps brachii,short head，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Anterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles/SM_Short_head_of_biceps_brachii" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂肌肉后群" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Posterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂肱三头肌长头" audio="YinPin2/右臂肱三头肌长头.mp3" englishName="Triceps brachii,long head" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨盂下结节，与外侧头、内侧头合并止于尺骨鹰嘴。
|
||
功能：伸肘，辅助肩关节后伸。
|
||
临床意义：长头肌腱断裂可导致肘关节伸展无力。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_right_arm_muscles/Posterior_group_of_right_arm_muscles/SM_Long_head_of_triceps_brachii" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢带肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右臂三角肌前束" audio="YinPin2/右臂三角肌前束.mp3" englishName="Deltoid,anterior head" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Anterior_fasciculus_of_deltoid_muscle" tip="起止点：起于锁骨外侧1/3，止于肱骨三角肌粗隆。
|
||
功能：肩关节前屈、内旋。
|
||
临床意义：前束萎缩可见于腋神经损伤(如肱骨外科颈骨折)。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂冈下肌" audio="YinPin2/右臂冈下肌.mp3" englishName="Infraspinatus" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨冈下窝，止于肱骨大结节后部。
|
||
功能：肩关节外旋(与冈上肌协同稳定肱骨头)。
|
||
临床意义：肌腱易发生钙化性肌腱炎，引发“疼痛弧”。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Infraspinatus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂三角肌中束" audio="YinPin1-100/三脚肌中束,右.mp3" englishName="Deltoid,middle head，R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Middle_fasciculus_of_deltoid_muscle" tip="起点:锁骨外侧1/3、肩峰、肩胛冈
|
||
止点:肱骨三角肌粗隆
|
||
主要作用:肩关节外展、前屈和旋内(前部肌束)、后伸和旋外(后部肌束)
|
||
神经支配:腋神经(C5-7)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂三角肌后束" audio="YinPin2/右臂三角肌后束.mp3" tip="起止点：起于肩胛冈，止于肱骨三角肌粗隆。
|
||
功能：肩关节后伸、外旋。
|
||
临床意义：后束薄弱可导致肩关节后脱位风险增加。" englishName="Deltoid,posterior head" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Posterior_fasciculus_of_deltoid_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂肩胛下肌" audio="YinPin2/右臂肩胛下肌.mp3" englishName="Subscapularis" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨前面(肩胛下窝)，止于肱骨小结节。
|
||
功能：肩关节内旋，稳定肱骨头防止前脱位。
|
||
临床意义：肌腱损伤是肩关节前向不稳的常见原因。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Subscapularis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂冈上肌" audio="YinPin2/右臂冈上肌.mp3" englishName="Supraspinatus" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨冈上窝，止于肱骨大结节上部。
|
||
功能：肩关节外展(0°-15°启动)，稳定肱骨头。
|
||
临床意义：肩袖损伤中最常受累的肌肉(占50%以上)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Supraspinatus_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂小圆肌" audio="YinPin2/右臂小圆肌.mp3" englishName="Teres minor" tip="起止点：起于肩胛骨外侧缘，止于肱骨大结节后下部。
|
||
功能：肩关节外旋，辅助后伸。
|
||
临床意义：与冈下肌共称“后肩袖”，共同对抗肩关节内旋应力。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_ShangZhiJi/SM_upper_extremity_muscles/SM_right_upper_limb_muscles/SM_Right_upper_limb_girdle_muscles/SM_Teres_minor_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="眼球外肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左眼球外肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="总腱环" audio="YinPin101-200/总腱环,左.mp3" englishName="Common tendinous ring(annulus of Zinn),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_common_tendinous_ring" tip="总腱环:位于视神经管周围和眶上裂内侧的结缔组织环。
|
||
是眼球各直肌和上脸提肌的起点。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下斜肌" englishName="Inferior oblique" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_inferior_oblique_muscle" tip="下斜肌:位于眶下壁与下直肌之间，起自眶下壁的内侧份近前侧缘处，向后外止于眼球下面中纬线后方的巩膜。
|
||
该肌可使眼球转向上外方，由动眼神经支配。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/下直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Inferior rectus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_inferior_rectus_muscle" tip="下直肌:在眼球的下方，止于眼球下部赤道以前的巩
|
||
膜。
|
||
该肌收缩可使眼球转向下内方，该肌受动眼神经支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="外直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/外直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Lateral rectus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_lateral_rectus_muscle" tip="外直肌:位于眼球外侧，止于眼球外侧部赤道以前的巩膜。该肌收缩，使眼球转向外侧，该肌受展神经支配。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上睑提肌" tip="上脸提肌:为一三角形薄肌，起自视神经管前上方的眶壁，在上直肌上方向前走行。
|
||
前端明显增宽成为腱膜，止于上眼睑的皮肤和上脸板。此肌收缩可上提上脸，开大眼裂，受动眼神经支此。
|
||
该肌瘫痪可导致上脸下垂。" audio="YinPin101-200/上睑提肌,左.mp3" englishName="levator palpebrae superioris muscle,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_levator_palpebrae_superioris_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="内直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/内直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Medial rectus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_medial_rectus_muscle" tip="内直肌:位于眼球内侧，止于眼球内侧部赤道以前的巩膜。该肌可使眼球转向内侧，该肌受动眼神经支配。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上斜肌" audio="YinPin101-200/上斜肌,左.mp3" englishName="Superior oblique,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_superior_oblique_muscle" tip="上斜肌:位于上直肌与内直肌之间，起于蝶骨体，以纤细的肌腱通过附于眶内侧壁前上方的滑车，经上直肌的下方转向后外，在上直肌与外直肌之间止于眼球后外侧赤道后方的巩膜该肌收缩可使眼球转向下外方，由滑车神经支配。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上直肌" audio="YinPin101-200/上直肌,左.mp3" englishName="Superior rectus,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_left_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_superior_rectus_muscle" tip="上直肌:位于上脸提肌下方，眼球的上方，与眼轴约呈23°角，止于眼球上方赤道前方的巩膜，收缩使眼球转向上内方，该肌受动眼神经支配。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右眼球外肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="总腱环" audio="YinPin1-100/总腱环,右.mp3" englishName="Common tendinous ring(annulus of Zinn),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_common_tendinous_ring" tip="总腱环:位于视神经管周围和眶上裂内侧的结缔组织环。
|
||
是眼球各直肌和上脸提肌的起点。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下斜肌" audio="YinPin1-100/下斜肌,右.mp3" englishName="Inferior oblique,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_inferior_oblique_muscle" tip="下斜肌:位于眶下壁与下直肌之间，起自眶下壁的内侧份近前侧缘处，向后外止于眼球下面中纬线后方的巩膜。
|
||
该肌可使眼球转向上外方，由动眼神经支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/下直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Inferior rectus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_inferior_rectus_muscle" tip="下直肌:在眼球的下方，止于眼球下部赤道以前的巩
|
||
膜。
|
||
该肌收缩可使眼球转向下内方，该肌受动眼神经支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="外直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/外直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral rectus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_lateral_rectus_muscle" tip="外直肌:位于眼球外侧，止于眼球外侧部赤道以前的巩膜。该肌收缩，使眼球转向外侧，该肌受展神经支配。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上睑提肌" audio="YinPin1-100/上睑提肌.mp3" englishName="levator palpebrae superioris muscle,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_levator_palpebrae_superioris_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="内直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/内直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Medial rectus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_medial_rectus_muscle" tip="内直肌:位于眼球内侧，止于眼球内侧部赤道以前的巩膜。该肌可使眼球转向内侧，该肌受动眼神经支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上斜肌" englishName="Superior oblique,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_superior_oblique_muscle" tip="上斜肌:位于上直肌与内直肌之间，起于蝶骨体，以纤细的肌腱通过附于眶内侧壁前上方的滑车，经上直肌的下方转向后外，在上直肌与外直肌之间止于眼球后外侧赤道后方的巩膜该肌收缩可使眼球转向下外方，由滑车神经支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上直肌" audio="YinPin1-100/上直肌,右.mp3" englishName="Superior rectus,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_right_extrinsic_ocular_muscle/SM_superior_rectus_muscle" tip="上直肌:位于上脸提肌下方，眼球的上方，与眼轴约呈23°角，止于眼球上方赤道前方的巩膜，收缩使眼球转向上内方，该肌受动眼神经支配。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle" tip="">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧面肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳前肌" audio="YinPin101-200/耳前肌,左.mp3" englishName="Auricularis anterior,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_anterior_auricular_muscle" tip="耳前肌:起自帽状腱膜，止于耳郭软骨的前部，牵引耳郭向前的肌肉。常缺如。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颊肌" englishName="Buccinator,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_buccinator_muscle" tip="起点:面颊深层
|
||
止点:口角
|
||
主要作用:使唇颊紧贴牙齿、帮助咀嚼和吮吸，牵口角
|
||
向外神经支配:颊支(VI)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="皱眉肌" audio="YinPin101-200/皱眉肌,左.mp3" english="Corrugator supercilii,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_corrugator_supercilii_muscle" tip="皱眉肌:位于眼轮匝肌眶部及枕额肌额腹深面、两侧眉弓之间的肌。
|
||
起自额骨鼻部，肌纤维斜向上外，止于眉部皮肤，收缩时牵眉向内下，使鼻根部皮肤产生纵沟，出现皱眉的表情。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降口角肌" audio="YinPin101-200/降口角肌,左.mp3" englishName="Depressor anguli oris(triangularis),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_anguli_oris_muscle" tip="起止点：起于下颌骨斜线，止于口角皮肤。
|
||
功能：下拉口角(参与“悲伤”表情)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧瘫痪可导致口角不对称(如贝尔氏面瘫)。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降下唇肌" audio="YinPin101-200/降下唇肌,左.mp3" englishName="Depressor labii inferioris,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_labii_inferioris_muscle" tip="起点:下唇下方
|
||
止点:口角
|
||
主要作用:降口角与下唇
|
||
神经支配:颊支(VI)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降鼻中隔肌" audio="YinPin2/降鼻中隔肌.mp3" englishName="depressor septum nasi" tip="解剖定位：位于鼻小柱两侧，连接鼻中隔与上唇。
|
||
功能：下拉鼻翼及鼻中隔，扩大鼻孔(深吸气时活跃)。
|
||
临床意义：面神经麻痹可导致双侧肌力失衡，影响鼻对称性。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_septum_nasi_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降眉肌" audio="YinPin101-200/降眉肌,左.mp3" englishName="Depressor supercilii,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_supercilii_muscle" tip="降眉肌:枕额肌额腹的延续部分。起自鼻根部，向上止于眉间部皮肤，牵引眉肩部皮肤向下，使鼻根部皮肤产生横纹。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="提口角肌" audio="YinPin101-200/提口角肌,左.mp3" englishName="Levator anguli oris,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_levator_anguli_oris_muscle" tip="起点:上唇上方
|
||
止点:口角
|
||
主要作用:提口角与上唇
|
||
神经支配:颊支(VI)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="提上唇鼻翼肌" audio="YinPin101-200/提上唇鼻翼肌,左.mp3" englishName="Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle" tip="提上唇鼻翼肌:起自上颌骨额突，向下外斜行，附着于鼻翼的肌性部分。可使上唇上提，使鼻唇沟上升和加深。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="提上唇肌" audio="YinPin101-200/提上唇肌,左.mp3" tip="起点:上颌骨眶下缘
|
||
止点:上唇肌性部
|
||
主要作用:提口角与上唇
|
||
神经支配:颧支、颊支(VI)" englishName="Levator labii superioris,L " path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_levator_labii_superioris_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颏肌,左.mp3" englishName="Mentalis,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_mentalis_muscle" tip="起点:下颌骨侧切牙和中切骨的牙槽突
|
||
止点:颏部皮肤
|
||
主要作用:上提颏部皮肤，使下唇前送
|
||
神经支配:下颌缘支(VI)" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="鼻肌(鼻翼部)" audio="YinPin2/鼻肌（鼻翼部）.mp3" englishName="nasalis muscle alaeque nasi" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_nasalis_muscle_alaeque_nasi_part" tip="鼻翼部：收缩时缩小鼻孔。
|
||
神经支配：面神经颊支。
|
||
临床意义：鼻翼部瘫痪可导致鼻翼塌陷(如面神经炎)。">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="鼻肌(横部)" englishName="nasalis muscle transverse" tip="鼻翼部：横部(压鼻肌)：拉紧鼻背皮肤。
|
||
神经支配：面神经颊支。
|
||
临床意义：鼻翼部瘫痪可导致鼻翼塌陷(如面神经炎)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_nasalis_muscle_transverse_part" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕额肌" englishName="Occipitofrontalis(epicranius)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_occipitofrontalis_muscle" tip="起点：额腹：帽状腱膜；枕腹：枕骨上项线
|
||
止点：眉部皮肤；帽状腱膜
|
||
主要作用：提眉、下牵皮肤；后牵头皮
|
||
神经支配：颞支(Ⅶ)；耳支(Ⅶ)" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="眼轮匝肌" audio="YinPin101-200/眼轮匝肌,左.mp3" englishName="Orbicularis oculi,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_orbicularis_oculi_muscle" tip="起点:环绕脸裂周围
|
||
止点:环绕睑裂周围
|
||
主要作用:眨眼、闭眼、扩大泪囊使泪液流通
|
||
神经支配:面神经颞支、颧支">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳后肌" audio="YinPin101-200/耳后肌,左.mp3" englishName="Auricularis posterior,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_posterior_auricular_muscle" tip="耳后肌:位于耳后，起自乳突外面，止于耳部软骨后面的肌。能够牵引耳郭向后。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="笑肌" audio="YinPin101-200/笑肌,左.mp3" englishName="Risorius,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_risorius_muscle" tip="起点:腮腺咬肌筋膜
|
||
止点:口角部皮肤
|
||
主要作用:牵拉口角向外侧
|
||
神经支配:面神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳上肌" audio="YinPin101-200/耳上肌,左.mp3" englishName="Auricularis superior,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_superior_auricular_muscle" tip="耳上肌:起自帽状腱膜，止于耳郭软骨的肌。
|
||
呈三角形，肌腹阔而薄。可上提耳郭。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颧大肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颧大肌,左.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticus major,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_zygomaticus_major_muscle" tip="起点:颧骨颧颞缝前方
|
||
止点:口角和上唇皮肤并加入口轮匝肌
|
||
主要作用:牵口角向外上方
|
||
神经支配:颧支" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颧小肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颧小肌,左.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticus minor,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_left_facial_muscle/SM_zygomaticus_minor_muscle" tip="起点:颧骨外侧面的颧颌缝
|
||
止点:口角内侧和上唇外侧皮肤主要作用:牵拉口角向外上方，参与鼻唇沟的加深
|
||
神经支配:颧支" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="口轮匝肌" audio="YinPin201-300/口轮匝肌.mp3" englishName="Orbicularis oris" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_orbicularis_oris_muscle" tip="起点:环绕口裂周围
|
||
止点:环绕口裂周围
|
||
主要作用:闭合口裂
|
||
神经支配:面神经">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle" tip="">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳前肌" audio="YinPin1-100/耳前肌,右.mp3" englishName="Auricularis anterior,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_anterior_auricular_muscle" tip="耳前肌:起自帽状腱膜，止于耳郭软骨的前部，牵引耳郭向前的肌肉。常缺如。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颊肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颊肌,右.mp3" englishName="Buccinator,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_buccinator_muscle" tip="起点:面颊深层
|
||
止点:口角
|
||
主要作用:使唇颊紧贴牙齿、帮助咀嚼和吮吸，牵口角
|
||
向外神经支配:颊支(VI)" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="皱眉肌 " audio="YinPin1-100/皱眉肌,右.mp3" englishName="Corrugator supercilii,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_corrugator_supercilii_muscle" tip="皱眉肌:位于眼轮匝肌眶部及枕额肌额腹深面、两侧眉弓之间的肌。
|
||
起自额骨鼻部，肌纤维斜向上外，止于眉部皮肤，收缩时牵眉向内下，使鼻根部皮肤产生纵沟，出现皱眉的表情。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降口角肌" englishName="Depressor anguli oris(triangularis)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_anguli_oris_muscle" tip="起止点：起于下颌骨斜线，止于口角皮肤。
|
||
功能：下拉口角(参与“悲伤”表情)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧瘫痪可导致口角不对称(如贝尔氏面瘫)。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降下唇肌" audio="YinPin1-100/降下唇肌,右.mp3" englishName="Depressor labii inferioris,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_labii_inferioris_muscle" tip="起点:下唇下方
|
||
止点:口角
|
||
主要作用:降口角与下唇
|
||
神经支配:颊支(VI)">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降鼻中隔肌" audio="YinPin2/降鼻中隔肌.mp3" englishName="depressor septum nasi" tip="解剖定位：位于鼻小柱两侧，连接鼻中隔与上唇。
|
||
功能：下拉鼻翼及鼻中隔，扩大鼻孔(深吸气时活跃)。
|
||
临床意义：面神经麻痹可导致双侧肌力失衡，影响鼻对称性。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_septum_nasi_muscle" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降眉肌" audio="YinPin1-100/降眉肌,右.mp3" englishName="Depressor supercilii,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_depressor_supercilii_muscle" tip="降眉肌:枕额肌额腹的延续部分。起自鼻根部，向上止于眉间部皮肤，牵引眉肩部皮肤向下，使鼻根部皮肤产生横纹。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="提口角肌" audio="YinPin1-100/提口角肌,右.mp3" englishName="Levator anguli oris,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_levator_anguli_oris_muscle" tip="起点:上唇上方
|
||
止点:口角
|
||
主要作用:提口角与上唇
|
||
神经支配:颊支(VI)" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="提上唇鼻翼肌" audio="YinPin1-100/提上唇鼻翼肌,右.mp3" englishName="Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle" tip="提上唇鼻翼肌:起自上颌骨额突，向下外斜行，附着于鼻翼的肌性部分。可使上唇上提，使鼻唇沟上升和加深。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="提上唇肌" audio="YinPin1-100/提上唇肌,右.mp3" tip="起点:上颌骨眶下缘
|
||
止点:上唇肌性部
|
||
主要作用:提口角与上唇
|
||
神经支配:颧支、颊支(VI)" englishName=" Levator labii superioris,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_levator_labii_superioris_muscle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颏肌" audio="YinPin2/右侧颏肌.mp3" tip="解剖定位：位于颏部皮下的短而扁的肌肉。
|
||
功能：上提颏部皮肤，形成下唇皱褶(如表达怀疑时)。
|
||
临床意义：双侧颏肌过度收缩可能导致“橘皮样”颏部外观。" englishName="Mentalis" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_mentalis_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻肌(鼻翼部分)" audio="YinPin2/鼻肌（鼻翼部分）.mp3" englishName="nasalis muscle alaeque nasi part" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_nasalis_muscle_alaeque_nasi_part" tip="鼻翼部：收缩时缩小鼻孔。
|
||
神经支配：面神经颊支。
|
||
临床意义：鼻翼部瘫痪可导致鼻翼塌陷(如面神经炎)。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻肌横部" audio="YinPin2/鼻肌（横部）.mp3" englishName="Nasalis,transverse portion" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_nasalis_muscle_transverse_part" tip="鼻肌横部:位于外鼻下部的两侧皮下，在提上唇肌深面。起自上颌骨尖牙及侧切牙的牙槽，肌纤维先斜向上外方，然后绕过鼻翼逐渐增宽，弯向内方，在鼻背与对侧者借腱膜相连，收缩时使鼻孔缩小。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕额肌" audio="YinPin1-100/枕额肌,右.mp3" englishName="Occipitofrontalis(epicranius),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_occipitofrontalis_muscle" tip="起点：额腹：帽状腱膜；枕腹：枕骨上项线
|
||
止点：眉部皮肤；帽状腱膜
|
||
主要作用：提眉、下牵皮肤；后牵头皮
|
||
神经支配：颞支(Ⅶ)；耳支(Ⅶ)">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="眼轮匝肌" audio="YinPin1-100/眼轮匝肌,右.mp3" englishName="Orbicularis oculi,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_orbicularis_oculi_muscle" tip="起点:环绕脸裂周围
|
||
止点:环绕睑裂周围
|
||
主要作用:眨眼、闭眼、扩大泪囊使泪液流通
|
||
神经支配:面神经颞支、颧支" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳后肌" englishName="Auricularis posterior,R" audio="YinPin1-100/耳后肌,右.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_posterior_auricular_muscle" tip="耳后肌:位于耳后，起自乳突外面，止于耳部软骨后面的肌。能够牵引耳郭向后。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="降眉间肌" audio="YinPin201-300/降眉间肌.mp3" englishName="Procerus" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_procerus_muscle" tip="降眉间肌:位于前额下部，额肌与眼轮匝肌眶部深面以及两眉之间的小块肌肉。作用为降眉间部。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="笑肌" englishName="Risorius" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_risorius_muscle" tip="起点:腮腺咬肌筋膜
|
||
止点:口角部皮肤
|
||
主要作用:牵拉口角向外侧
|
||
神经支配:面神经" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳上肌" englishName="Auricularis superior,R" audio="YinPin1-100/耳上肌,右.mp3" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_superior_auricular_muscle" tip="耳上肌:起自帽状腱膜，止于耳郭软骨的肌。
|
||
呈三角形，肌腹阔而薄。可上提耳郭。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颧大肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颧大肌,右.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticus major,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_zygomaticus_major_muscle" tip="起点:颧骨颧颞缝前方
|
||
止点:口角和上唇皮肤并加入口轮匝肌
|
||
主要作用:牵口角向外上方
|
||
神经支配:颧支" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颧小肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颧小肌,右.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticus minor,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_facial_muscle/SM_right_facial_muscle/SM_zygomaticus_minor_muscle" tip="起点:颧骨外侧面的颧颌缝
|
||
止点:口角内侧和上唇外侧皮肤主要作用:牵拉口角向外上方，参与鼻唇沟的加深
|
||
神经支配:颧支">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="咀嚼肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle" tip="">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咀嚼肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle" tip="">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼外肌(下头)" audio="YinPin101-200/翼外肌(下头）,左.mp3" englishName="Lateral pterygoid(inferior head),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_lateral_pterygoid_muscle (inferior_head)" tip="起点:翼突外侧板
|
||
止点:下颌骨髁突翼肌凹及关节囊
|
||
主要作用:两侧收缩拉下下颌向前(张口)，单侧收缩拉下颌骨向对侧
|
||
神经支配:翼外肌神经" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼外肌(上头)" audio="YinPin101-200/翼外肌(上头）.mp3" englishName="Lateral pterygoid(superior head),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_lateral_pterygoid_muscle (superior_head)" tip="起点:蝶骨大翼的颞下窝和颞下棘
|
||
止点:下颌骨髁突翼肌凹及关节囊
|
||
主要作用:两侧收缩拉下下颌向前(张口)，单侧收缩拉下颌骨向对侧
|
||
神经支配:翼外肌神经" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧咬肌(深部)" audio="YinPin2/左侧咬肌（深部）.mp3" englishName="masseter muscle (deep_part)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_masseter_muscle (deep_part)" tip="起止点：起于颧弓后1/3，止于下颌支上部及冠突。
|
||
功能：协同颞肌提升下颌骨。
|
||
临床意义：深部压痛常见于颞下颌关节紊乱(TMJ)。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧咬肌(浅部)" audio="YinPin2/左侧咬肌（浅部）.mp3" englishName="masseter muscle (superficial_part)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_masseter_muscle (superficial_part)" tip="起止点：起于颧弓前2/3，止于下颌支外侧及下颌角。
|
||
功能：强力闭口(咀嚼时主导)。
|
||
临床意义：磨牙症可导致该部肥大(方颌畸形)。" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼内肌" audio="YinPin101-200/翼内肌,左.mp3" englishName="Medial pterygoid,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_medial_pterygoid_muscle" tip="起点:翼窝，上颌结节
|
||
止点:翼肌粗隆
|
||
主要作用:上提下颌骨，并向前
|
||
神经支配:翼内肌神经" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞筋膜" audio="YinPin101-200/颞筋膜,左.mp3" englishName="Temporal fascia,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_temporal_fascia" tip="颞筋膜:覆盖在颞肌表面的一层坚韧的纤维性膜。上方附着于颞上线，向下分为浅、深两层，分别附着于颧弓的外面和内面。" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞肌" audio="YinPin101-200/颞肌,左.mp3" englishName="Temporalis,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_left_masticatory_muscle/SM_temporalis_muscle" tip="起点:颞窝，颞筋膜深面
|
||
止点:下颌骨冠突
|
||
主要作用:前部:提下颌骨(闭口);后部:拉下颌骨向后
|
||
神经支配:颞深神经" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧咀嚼肌" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼外肌(上头)" audio="YinPin1-100/翼外肌(上头）,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral pterygoid(superior head),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_ lateral_pterygoid_muscle (superior_head)" tip="起点:蝶骨大翼的颞下窝和颞下棘
|
||
止点:下颌骨髁突翼肌凹及关节囊
|
||
主要作用:两侧收缩拉下下颌向前(张口)，单侧收缩拉下颌骨向对侧
|
||
神经支配:翼外肌神经" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼外肌(下头)" audio="YinPin1-100/翼外肌(下头）,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral pterygoid(inferior head),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_lateral_pterygoid_muscle (inferior_head)" tip="起点:翼突外侧板
|
||
止点:下颌骨髁突翼肌凹及关节囊
|
||
主要作用:两侧收缩拉下下颌向前(张口)，单侧收缩拉下颌骨向对侧
|
||
神经支配:翼外肌神经">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧降口角肌(深部)" audio="YinPin2/右侧降口角肌.mp3" englishName="Depressor anguli oris(triangularis)" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_depressor_anguli_oris_muscle" tip="起止点：起于下颌骨斜线，止于口角皮肤。
|
||
功能：下拉口角(参与“悲伤”表情)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧瘫痪可导致口角不对称(如贝尔氏面瘫)。">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咬肌(浅部)" audio="YinPin2/右侧咬肌（浅部）.mp3" englishName="masseter muscle (superficial part)" tip="起止点：起于颧弓前2/3，止于下颌角及下颌支外侧。
|
||
功能：强力闭口(咀嚼运动主导肌)，与深部协同提升下颌骨。
|
||
神经支配：三叉神经下颌支(CN V3)。
|
||
临床意义：过度使用(如磨牙症)可导致肌肉肥大或颞下颌关节紊乱(TMJ)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_masseter_muscle (superficial_part)" >
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼内肌" audio="YinPin1-100/翼内肌,右.mp3" englishName="Medial pterygoid,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_medial_pterygoid_muscle" tip="起点:翼窝，上颌结节
|
||
止点:翼肌粗隆
|
||
主要作用:上提下颌骨，并向前
|
||
神经支配:翼内肌神经" >
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞筋膜" audio="YinPin1-100/颞筋膜,右.mp3" englishName="Temporal fascia,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_temporal_fascia" tip="颞筋膜:覆盖在颞肌表面的一层坚韧的纤维性膜。上方附着于颞上线，向下分为浅、深两层，分别附着于颧弓的外面和内面。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞肌" audio="YinPin1-100/颞肌,右.mp3" englishName="Temporalis,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_JiRou/SM_TouJi/SM_masticatory_muscle/SM_right_masticatory_muscle/SM_temporalis_muscle" tip="起点:颞窝，颞筋膜深面
|
||
止点:下颌骨冠突
|
||
主要作用:前部:提下颌骨(闭口);后部:拉下颌骨向后
|
||
神经支配:颞深神经">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="淋巴" icon="整体结构-linba.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa" >
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸导管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct" >
|
||
<Body name="左支气管纵隔干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左支气管纵隔干" audio="YinPin2/左支气管纵隔干.mp3" tip="引流范围：左肺、纵隔器官（心包、食管）、左半胸壁。
|
||
汇入路径：注入胸导管（最终汇入左静脉角）。
|
||
临床意义：肺癌或食管癌转移时可能受累。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸部淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="动脉韧带淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/动脉韧带淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Node of ligamentum arteriosum" tip="动脉韧带淋巴结:位于主动脉弓前下壁、动脉韧带左侧的淋巴结。引流左肺部分淋巴，并收纳左气管支气管上淋巴结的输出管淋巴，其输出淋巴管注入主动脉弓淋巴结，不恒定。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymph_nodes/SM_Arterial_ligament_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="头臂淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/头臂淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Brachiocephalic lymph nodes" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymph_nodes/SM_Brachiocephalic_lymph_nodes" tip="位置：上纵隔，头臂静脉交汇处。
|
||
引流区域：胸腺、心包上部、甲状腺。
|
||
临床意义：胸腺瘤或甲状腺癌转移的指标。">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="食管旁淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/食管旁淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Paraesophageal lymph nodes,L" tip="位置：沿食管胸段两侧分布。
|
||
引流区域：食管中下段、贲门部。
|
||
临床意义：食管癌淋巴结转移的主要路径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymph_nodes/SM_Paraesophageal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="气管旁淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/气管旁淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior deep cervical (paratracheal) lymph nodes,L" tip="气管旁淋巴结:位于气管和食管之间的侧沟内，沿喉返神经排列，引流喉、甲状腺、气管和食管的淋巴，输出淋巴管注入颈外侧下深淋巴结。感染或肿瘤转移可引起气管旁淋巴结肿大，压迫喉返神经，出现声音嘶吨 。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymph_nodes/SM_Paratracheal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸部淋巴管" tip="范围：广义指胸内所有淋巴管，包括肺、食管、纵隔淋巴网络。
|
||
临床意义：胸腔积液可能与淋巴回流障碍相关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="心脏淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/心脏淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Cardiac lymphatic vessels" tip="引流路径：心内膜下淋巴丛→心肌层→心外膜→沿冠状动脉走行→注入支气管纵隔干。
|
||
临床意义：心肌水肿或心包炎时淋巴回流受阻。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Cardiac_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="气管支气管下淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/气管支气管下淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Interior tracheobronchial lymph vessels" tip="位置：气管分叉(隆突)下方。
|
||
引流区域：双肺下叶、左肺上叶、食管中段。
|
||
临床意义：肺癌转移的“关键站”，影响手术分期。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Inferior_tracheobronchial_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="气管旁淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/气管旁淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Paratracheal lymph vessels" tip="位置：沿气管两侧分布。
|
||
引流区域：甲状腺、气管、上纵隔器官。
|
||
临床意义：甲状腺癌转移的常见途径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_thoracic_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Paratracheal_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左肋间干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肋间淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/肋间淋巴管，左.mp3" englishName="Intercostal (thoracic) lymph nodes,L" tip="肋间淋巴结:多位于肋头附近，沿肋间后血管排列，引流胸后壁的巴，其输出淋巴管注入胸导管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Intercostal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肋间淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/肋间淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Intercostal lymph vessels,L" tip="引流区域：胸壁肋间组织、壁层胸膜。
|
||
汇入路径：注入胸导管或支气管纵隔干。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌胸壁转移可能侵犯。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Intercostal_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="椎前淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/椎前淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Prevertebral lymph nodes,L" tip="椎前淋巴结:位于胸主动脉后的淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Prevertebral_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左颈干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左颈干" audio="YinPin2/左颈干.mp3" englishName="Jugular trunk,L" tip="组成：由颈深、下颌下、颏下等淋巴结输出管汇合。
|
||
引流区域：左头颈部浅深层淋巴。
|
||
汇入路径：注入胸导管(左静脉角)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Jugular_trunk">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈部及头部淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<Body name="副神经淋巴结 " audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/副神经淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior lateral superficial cervical (spinal accessory nerve) lymph nodes，L" tip="副神经淋巴结：沿副神经排列的淋巴结称副神经淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Accessory_nerve_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颊肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颊肌淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Buccinator lymph node，L" tip="颊肌淋巴结:位于颊肌浅面的淋巴结。
|
||
引流面部淋巴至下颌下淋巴结，不恒定。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Buccinator_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈前深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈前深淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior deep cervical lymph nodes,L" tip="颈前深淋巴结：包括喉前淋巴结、甲状腺淋巴结、气管前淋巴结和气管旁淋巴结四组。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Deep_anterior_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腮腺深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腮腺深淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Deep parotid lymph nodes,L" tip="腮腺深淋巴结:位于腮腺实质内，引流额部、颅顶、颞区、耳郭、外耳道、颊部和腮腺等处的淋巴的淋巴结群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Deep_parotid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧下深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈外侧下深淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,L" tip="颈外侧下深淋巴结：沿颈内静脉下段排列的淋巴结。
|
||
引流颈根部、胸壁上部和乳房上部的淋巴，收纳颈前淋巴结等的输出淋巴结，合成颈干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Inferior_deep_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Jugulodigastric lymph node,L" tip="颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结：位于面静脉、颈内静脉和二腹肌后腹之间的淋巴结称颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结，引流鼻咽部、腭扁桃体和舌根的淋巴。
|
||
鼻咽癌和舌根癌常首先转移至该淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Jugulodigastric_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Juguloomohyoid lymph node,L" tip="颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结：位于颈内静脉与肩胛舌骨肌中间腱交叉处的淋巴结称颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结，引流舌尖的淋巴。
|
||
舌尖癌常首先转移至该淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Juguloomohyoid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻唇淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/鼻唇淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Nasolabial lymph node，L" tip="鼻唇淋巴结:位于眶下孔附近。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Nasolabial_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/枕淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Occipital lymph nodes,L" tip="枕淋巴结:分浅、深两群，分别位于斜方肌起点表面和头夹肌深面，引流枕部和项部的淋巴" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Occipital_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腭扁桃体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腭扁桃体，左.mp3" englishName="Palatine tonsil，L" tip="腭扁桃体位于口咽部侧壁的扁桃体窝内，是淋巴上皮器官，具有防御功能。
|
||
腭扁桃体呈椭圆形，其内侧面朝向咽腔，表面覆以黏膜，并有许多深陷的小凹称扁桃体小窝,细菌易在此存留繁殖，成为感染病灶。腭扁桃体的外侧面及前、后面均被结缔组织形成的扁桃体囊包绕。此外，扁桃体窝上份未被腭扁桃体充满的空间称扁桃体上窝，异物常易停留于此处。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Palatine_tonsil">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="气管前及甲状腺淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/气管前及甲状腺淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Pretracheal and thyroid lymph" tip="甲状腺癌手术清扫的关键区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Pretracheal_and_thyroid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳后淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/耳后淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Retroauricular (mastoid,posterior auricular) lymph nodes，L" tip="乳突淋巴结又称耳后淋巴结，位于胸锁乳突肌止点表面，引流颅顶部、颞区和耳廓后面的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Retroauricular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="咽后淋巴结" englishName="Retropharyngeal lymph nodes,L" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/咽后淋巴结，左.mp3" tip="咽后淋巴结:位于咽后壁和椎前筋膜之间，引流鼻腔后部、鼻旁窦、鼻咽部和喉咽部的淋巴，输出淋巴管注入颈外侧上深淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Retropharyngeal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸锁乳突肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/胸锁乳突肌淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Sternocleidomastoid lymph nodes,L" tip="沿胸锁乳突肌后缘分布，头颈癌转移的哨兵淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Sternocleidomastoid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下颌淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Submandibular lymph nodes,L" tip="下颌淋巴结：伴随面静脉排列的淋巴结。
|
||
输出淋巴至下颌下淋巴结，不恒定。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Submandibular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/下颌下淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Mandibular lymph nodes，L" tip="下颌下淋巴结：位于下颌下腺的附近和下颌下腺实质内，引流面部和口腔器官的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Submandibular_lymph_nodes 1">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颏下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颏下淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Submental lymph nodes,L" tip="颏下淋巴结：位于颏下部，引流舌尖、下唇中部和颏部的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Submental_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈前浅淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(701-800)/颈前浅淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior superficial cervical (anterior jugular) lymph nodes，L" tip="颈前浅淋巴结：又称“颈前静脉淋巴结”。
|
||
沿颈前静脉排列的淋巴结。引流颈前部浅层各结构的淋巴，其输出淋巴管注入颈外侧下深淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Superficial_anterior_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧浅淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈外侧浅淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Superficial lateral cervical lymph node,L" tip="颈外侧浅淋巴结：沿颈外静脉排列，引流颈外侧浅层结构的淋巴，并收纳枕淋巴结、乳突淋巴结和腮腺淋巴结的输出淋巴管，其输出淋巴管注入颈外侧深淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Superficial_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腮腺浅淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腮腺浅淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Superficial parotid lymph nodes,L" tip="腮腺浅淋巴结:位于腮腺表面和腮腺实质内，由浅、深两群组成，引流额部、颅顶、颞区、耳郭、外耳道、颊部和腮腺等处的淋巴的淋巴结群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Superficial_parotid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧上深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈外侧上深淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,L" tip="颈外侧上深淋巴结:沿颈内静脉上段排列，位于面静脉、颈内静脉和二腹肌后腹之间的淋巴结。
|
||
引流鼻咽部、腭扁桃体和舌根部的淋巴," path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Superior_deep_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状腺上淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/甲状腺上淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Superior thyroid lymph nodes" tip="位于甲状腺上极，引流甲状腺上1/3，甲状腺癌转移常见。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Superior_thyroid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锁骨上淋巴结" englishName="Supraclavicular lymph nodes,L" tip="锁骨上淋巴结：沿颈横血管分布的淋巴结。
|
||
食管癌和胃癌后期，癌细胞可沿胸导管或颈干逆流转移至左锁骨上淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Supraclavicular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="舌骨上淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/舌骨上淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Suprahyoid lymph node,L" tip="舌骨体上方，引流舌尖及口底，口腔癌筛查重点。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Suprahyoid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈横淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/颈横淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical chain of lymph nodes" tip="位置：颈根部，沿颈横静脉分布。
|
||
引流区域：颈深淋巴结、腋淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌或胃癌的远处转移站。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Transverse_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="魏尔啸淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/魏尔啸淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Virchow's lymph nodes" tip="位置：左锁骨上窝(胸导管末端)。
|
||
临床意义：腹腔恶性肿瘤(如胃癌)转移的典型标志。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymph_nodes/SM_Virchow's_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈部及头部淋巴管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧副淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/副淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Accessory lymph vessel" tip="定义：与主要淋巴管并行的辅助引流通路。
|
||
临床意义：解剖变异常见，淋巴水肿时可能代偿扩张。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Accessory_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈前淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/颈前淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Anterior jugular lymph vessel" tip="位置：颈前部浅筋膜层。
|
||
引流区域：颈前皮肤、浅层肌肉。
|
||
临床意义：颈部外伤或感染时易受累。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Anterior_cervical_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌下淋巴管分支" audio="YinPin2/下颌下淋巴管的分支.mp3" englishName=" Branches of submandibular lymphatic vessels" tip="引流区域：舌前2/3、口腔黏膜、面部中央。
|
||
汇入路径：注入颈深上淋巴结(二腹肌下组)。
|
||
临床意义：口腔癌转移的早期途径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Branches_of_submandibular_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈外侧淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/颈外侧淋巴管.mp3" englishName="External cervical lymphatic vessels" tip="位置：沿颈内静脉排列(属颈深淋巴结群)。
|
||
引流区域：咽、喉、甲状腺、颈深部组织。
|
||
临床意义：头颈部恶性肿瘤的转移核心路径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_External_cervical_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面部淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/面部淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Facial lymphatic vessels" tip="引流区域：面部皮肤、眼睑、鼻部、颊部。
|
||
汇入路径：注入下颌下淋巴结及腮腺淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：面部感染或皮肤癌可致局部淋巴管炎。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Facial_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内淋巴管 " audio="YinPin2/颈内淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Internal jugular lymph vessel" tip="组成：颈深淋巴结输出管汇合形成。
|
||
汇入路径：左侧注入胸导管，右侧注入右淋巴导管。
|
||
临床意义：头颈部肿瘤转移的核心通路。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Internal_cervical_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧枕部淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/枕部淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Occipital lymphatic vessels" tip="引流区域：枕部头皮、颈后皮肤。
|
||
汇入路径：注入颈深后淋巴结及锁骨上淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：头皮感染或淋巴瘤的筛查区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Occipital_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腮腺耳区淋巴管 " audio="YinPin2/腮腺耳区淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Parotid auricular lymphatic vessels" tip="位置：围绕腮腺及耳前区。
|
||
引流区域：腮腺、外耳道、颞区头皮。
|
||
临床意义：腮腺肿瘤或炎症可致耳周淋巴结肿大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Parotid_auricular_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌下淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/下颌下淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Submandibular lymph vessel" tip="引流区域：舌前2/3、口腔黏膜、面部中央。
|
||
汇入路径：注入颈深上淋巴结(二腹肌下组)。
|
||
临床意义：口腔癌转移的早期途径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Submandibular_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏下淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/颏下淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Submental lymph vessels" tip="位置：颏下三角区。
|
||
引流区域：下唇中部、舌尖、口底前部。
|
||
临床意义：颏下淋巴结肿大常提示口腔或舌前病变。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_jugular_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_cervical_and_head_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Submental_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左锁骨下干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上肢淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="尖淋巴结 " audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/尖淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Apical (medial,subclavicular) lymph nodes，L" tip="尖淋巴结:沿腋静脉近侧段排列的淋巴结。引流乳腺上部的淋巴，并收纳中央淋巴结、胸肌淋巴结、外侧淋巴结和肩胛下淋巴结输出淋巴管，合成锁骨下干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_Apical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="外侧淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/外侧淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral lymph nodes,L" tip="外侧淋巴结:沿腋静脉排列的淋巴结。
|
||
收纳除注入锁骨下淋巴以外的上肢浅、深淋巴管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_Lateral_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸骨旁淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/胸骨旁淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Parasternal lymph nodes,L" tip="胸骨旁淋巴结:沿胸廓内血管排列，引流胸腹前壁和乳房内侧部的淋巴，并收纳膈上淋巴结的输出淋巴管，其输出淋巴管参与合成支气管纵隔干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_Parasternal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/锁骨下淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Deltopectoral (infraclavicular) lymph nodes,L" tip="锁骨下淋巴结:又称“三角胸肌淋巴结”位于锁骨下、三角肌与胸大肌间沟内，沿头静脉排列，收纳沿头静脉上行的浅淋巴管。其输出管主要注入腋淋巴结" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_Subclavian_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/肩胛下淋巴结，左.mp3" englishName="Subscapular (posterior) axillary lymph nodes，L" tip="肩胛下淋巴结:沿肩胛下血管排列的淋巴结。
|
||
引流背部和颈后部的淋巴，其输出淋巴管注入中央淋巴结和尖淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_Subscapular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左上肢淋巴管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸骨旁淋巴管分支" audio="YinPin2/胸骨旁淋巴管分支.mp3" englishName="Branches of parasternal lymph vessels" tip="位置：沿胸廓内血管分布(第1-6肋间隙)。
|
||
引流区域：前胸壁、乳腺内侧、膈肌前部。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌内侧象限转移的首站。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Branches_of_parasternal_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸肌间淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/胸肌间淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Interpectoral lymph vessels,L" tip="位置：胸大肌与胸小肌之间。
|
||
引流区域：乳腺外侧及腋尾区。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫的关键区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Interpectoral_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸骨旁淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/胸骨旁淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Parasternal lymph vessels" tip="位置：沿胸廓内血管分布(第1-6肋间隙)。
|
||
引流区域：前胸壁、乳腺内侧、膈肌前部。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌内侧象限转移的首站。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Parasternal_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="桡侧淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/桡侧淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Radial lymphatic vessels" tip="位置：沿前臂桡侧皮下走行。
|
||
引流区域：拇指、手背桡侧。
|
||
汇入路径：注入肘淋巴结→腋淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：手部感染可致肘部淋巴结肿大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Radial_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸部淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/胸部淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Thoracic lymphatic vessels" tip="范围：广义指胸内所有淋巴管，包括肺、食管、纵隔淋巴网络。
|
||
临床意义：胸腔积液可能与淋巴回流障碍相关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Left_upper_extremity_lymphatic_vessels/SM_Thoracic_lymphatic_vessels">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下干" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/锁骨下干，左.mp3" englishName="Subclavian trunk,L" tip="锁骨下干:由尖淋巴结的输出淋巴管合成较大的淋巴管。
|
||
左侧注入胸导管，右侧注入右淋巴导管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Left_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_Subclavian_trunk">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸导管弓" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/胸导管弓.mp3" englishName="Arch of thoracic duct" tip=" 胸导管弓:胸导管颈部多呈凸向上方的弓状弯曲。
|
||
弓的弯曲顶端平第六或第七颈椎水平，出现率82%。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_LinBa1">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸导管" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/胸导管.mp3" englishName="Thoracic duct" tip="胸导管:胸导管是全身最粗大的淋巴管道，长30-40cm。其下端起自乳糜池。胸导管起始后经主动脉裂孔入胸腔，沿脊椎右前方上行，至第5胸椎高度向左侧斜行，然后沿脊柱左前方上行，出胸上口至颈根部，呈弓形弯曲注入左静脉角。胸导管在注入静脉角之前还接纳左颈干、左锁骨下干和左支气管纵隔干。胸导管收集右下肢、盆部、腹部、左半胸部、左上肢和左半头颈部的淋巴，即全身3/4部位的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Right_lymphatic_duct/SM_Thoracic_duct">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右淋巴导管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右支气管纵隔干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右支气管纵隔干 " audio="YinPin2/右支气管纵隔干.mp3" englishName="bronchomediastinal trunk" tip="引流区域：右肺、纵隔右侧、心包右侧。
|
||
汇入路径：注入右淋巴导管。
|
||
临床意义：右肺癌转移至右锁骨上淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右胸肌淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="头臂淋巴结 " audio="YinPin2/头臂淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Brachiocephalic lymph nodes" tip="位置：上纵隔，头臂静脉交汇处。
|
||
引流区域：胸腺、心包上部、甲状腺。
|
||
临床意义：胸腺瘤或甲状腺癌转移的指标。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymph_nodes/SM_brachiocephalic_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="食管旁淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/食管旁淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Paraesophageal lymph nodes,R" tip="位置：沿食管胸段两侧分布。
|
||
引流区域：食管中下段、贲门部。
|
||
临床意义：食管癌淋巴结转移的主要路径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymph_nodes/SM_paraesophageal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="气管旁淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/气管旁淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior deep cervical (paratracheal) lymph nodes,R" tip="气管旁淋巴结:位于气管和食管之间的侧沟内，沿喉返神经排列，引流喉、甲状腺、气管和食管的淋巴，输出淋巴管注入颈外侧下深淋巴结。感染或肿瘤转移可引起气管旁淋巴结肿大，压迫喉返神经，出现声音嘶吨 。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymph_nodes/SM_paratracheal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右胸肌淋巴导管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="心脏淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/心脏淋巴管.mp3" englishName="cardiac lymphatic ducts" tip="引流路径：心内膜下淋巴丛→心肌层→心外膜→沿冠状动脉走行→注入支气管纵隔干。
|
||
临床意义：心肌水肿或心包炎时淋巴回流受阻。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymphatic_ducts/SM_cardiac_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="气管旁淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/气管旁淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Paratracheal lymph vessels" tip="位置：沿气管两侧分布。
|
||
引流区域：甲状腺、气管、上纵隔器官。
|
||
临床意义：甲状腺癌转移的常见途径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_bronchomediastinal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_pectoral_lymphatic_ducts/SM_paratracheal_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右颈干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈干" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈干，右.mp3" tip="颈干：由颈浅淋巴结、颈外侧浅淋巴结和颈外侧上深淋巴结和下深淋巴结的输出淋巴管合成。" englishName="Jugular trunk,R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_cervical_trunk">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右头颈部淋巴管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="副淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/副淋巴导管.mp3" englishName=" accessory lymphatic ducts" tip="定义：与胸导管并行的辅助引流通道。
|
||
临床意义：解剖变异常见，胸导管损伤时可能代偿引流。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_accessory_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈前淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/颈前淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="anterior cervical lymphatic ducts" tip="位置：颈前正中线浅层。
|
||
引流区域：喉、甲状腺峡部。
|
||
临床意义：甲状腺手术中需注意保护。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_anterior_cervical_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下颌下淋巴导管分支" audio="YinPin2/下颌下淋巴导管分支.mp3" englishName="branches submandibular lymphatic" tip="引流区域：舌前2/3、口腔黏膜、面部中央。
|
||
汇入路径：注入颈深上淋巴结(二腹肌下组)。
|
||
临床意义：口腔癌转移的早期途径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_branches_of_submandibular_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/颈外侧淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="external cervical lymphatic ducts" tip="位置：沿颈外静脉分布。
|
||
引流区域：耳后、腮腺及颈侧浅层组织。
|
||
临床意义：淋巴引流受阻可致颈侧水肿。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_external_cervical_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="面部淋巴导管 " audio="YinPin2/面部淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="facial lymphatic ducts" tip="引流区域：面部皮肤、眼睑、鼻部、颊部。
|
||
汇入路径：注入下颌下淋巴结及腮腺淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：面部感染或皮肤癌可致局部淋巴管炎。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_facial_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈下部淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/颈下部淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="infra cervical lymphatic ducts" tip="位置：颈根部与锁骨上区。
|
||
引流区域：甲状腺下极、颈前深层组织。
|
||
临床意义：甲状腺癌晚期转移路径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_infra_cervical_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈内淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/颈内淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="internal cervical lymphatic ducts" tip="组成：颈深淋巴结输出管汇合形成。
|
||
汇入路径：左侧注入胸导管，右侧注入右淋巴导管。
|
||
临床意义：头颈部肿瘤转移的核心通路。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_internal_cervical_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕部淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/枕部淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="occipital lymphatic ducts" tip="引流区域：枕部头皮、颈后皮肤。
|
||
汇入路径：注入颈深后淋巴结及锁骨上淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：头皮感染或淋巴瘤的筛查区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_occipital_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="腮腺耳区淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/腮腺耳区淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="parotid auricular lymphatic ducts" tip="位置：围绕腮腺及耳前区。
|
||
引流区域：腮腺、外耳道、颞区头皮。
|
||
临床意义：腮腺肿瘤或炎症可致耳周淋巴结肿大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_parotid_auricular_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下颌下淋巴导管" audio="YinPin2/下颌下淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="submandibular lymphatic ducts" tip="引流区域：舌前2/3、口腔黏膜、面部中央。
|
||
汇入路径：注入颈深上淋巴结(二腹肌下组)。
|
||
临床意义：口腔癌转移的早期途径。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts/SM_submandibular_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右头颈部淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="副神经淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/副神经淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior lateral superficial cervical (spinal accessory nerve) lymph nodes，R" tip="副神经淋巴结：沿副神经排列的淋巴结称副神经淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_accessory_nerve_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颊肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颊肌淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Buccinator lymph node，R" tip="颊肌淋巴结:位于颊肌浅面的淋巴结。
|
||
引流面部淋巴至下颌下淋巴结，不恒定。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_buccinator_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈前深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈前深淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior deep cervical lymph nodes,R" tip="颈前深淋巴结：包括喉前淋巴结、甲状腺淋巴结、气管前淋巴结和气管旁淋巴结四组。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_deep_anterior_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="腮腺深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腮腺深淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Deep parotid lymph nodes,R" tip="腮腺深淋巴结:位于腮腺实质内，引流额部、颅顶、颞区、耳郭、外耳道、颊部和腮腺等处的淋巴的淋巴结群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_deep_parotid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧下深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈外侧下深淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,R" tip="颈外侧下深淋巴结：沿颈内静脉下段排列的淋巴结。
|
||
引流颈根部、胸壁上部和乳房上部的淋巴，收纳颈前淋巴结等的输出淋巴结，合成颈干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_inferior_deep_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Jugulodigastric lymph node,R" tip="颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结：位于面静脉、颈内静脉和二腹肌后腹之间的淋巴结称颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结，引流鼻咽部、腭扁桃体和舌根的淋巴。
|
||
鼻咽癌和舌根癌常首先转移至该淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_jugulodigastric_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Juguloomohyoid lymph node" tip="颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结：位于颈内静脉与肩胛舌骨肌中间腱交叉处的淋巴结称颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结，引流舌尖的淋巴。
|
||
舌尖癌常首先转移至该淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_juguloomohyoid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻唇淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/鼻唇淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Nasolabial lymph node，R" tip="鼻唇淋巴结:位于眶下孔附近。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_nasolabial_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕部淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/枕部淋巴结.mp3" englishName="occipital lymph nodes" tip="位置：枕骨粗隆下方，斜方肌起始处。
|
||
引流区域：头后部皮肤及皮下组织。
|
||
临床意义：头皮外伤或虫咬后易肿大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_occipital_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腭扁桃体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腭扁桃体，右.mp3" englishName="Palatine tonsil，R" tip="腭扁桃体位于口咽部侧壁的扁桃体窝内，是淋巴上皮器官，具有防御功能。
|
||
腭扁桃体呈椭圆形，其内侧面朝向咽腔，表面覆以黏膜，并有许多深陷的小凹称扁桃体小窝,细菌易在此存留繁殖，成为感染病灶。腭扁桃体的外侧面及前、后面均被结缔组织形成的扁桃体囊包绕。此外，扁桃体窝上份未被腭扁桃体充满的空间称扁桃体上窝，异物常易停留于此处。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_palatine_tonsil">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="气管前及甲状腺淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/气管前及甲状腺淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Pretracheal and thyroid lymph" tip="甲状腺癌手术清扫的关键区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_pretracheal_and_thyroid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳后淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/耳后淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Retroauricular (mastoid,posterior auricular) lymph nodes，R" tip="乳突淋巴结又称耳后淋巴结，位于胸锁乳突肌止点表面，引流颅顶部、颞区和耳廓后面的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_retroauricular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="咽后淋巴结" englishName="Retropharyngeal lymph nodes,R" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/咽后淋巴结，右.mp3" tip="咽后淋巴结:位于咽后壁和椎前筋膜之间，引流鼻腔后部、鼻旁窦、鼻咽部和喉咽部的淋巴，输出淋巴管注入颈外侧上深淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_retropharyngeal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="斜角肌淋巴结" englishName="Scalene lymph node" tip="斜角肌淋巴结：位于前斜角肌前方的淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_scalene_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸锁乳突肌淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/胸锁乳突肌淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Sternocleidomastoid lymph nodes,R" tip="沿胸锁乳突肌后缘分布，头颈癌转移的哨兵淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_sternocleidomastoid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/下颌淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Mandibular lymph nodes" tip="下颌淋巴结：伴随面静脉排列的淋巴结。
|
||
输出淋巴至下颌下淋巴结，不恒定。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_submandibular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/下颌下淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Submandibular lymph nodes，R" tip="下颌下淋巴结：位于下颌下腺的附近和下颌下腺实质内，引流面部和口腔器官的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_submandibular_lymph_nodes 1">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颏下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颏下淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Submental lymph nodes,R" tip="颏下淋巴结：位于颏下部，引流舌尖、下唇中部和颏部的淋巴。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_submental_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈前浅淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈前浅淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior superficial cervical (anterior jugular) lymph nodes,R" tip="颈前浅淋巴结：又称“颈前静脉淋巴结”。
|
||
沿颈前静脉排列的淋巴结。引流颈前部浅层各结构的淋巴，其输出淋巴管注入颈外侧下深淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_superficial_anterior_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧浅淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈外侧浅淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Superficial lateral cervical lymph node,R" tip="颈外侧浅淋巴结：沿颈外静脉排列，引流颈外侧浅层结构的淋巴，并收纳枕淋巴结、乳突淋巴结和腮腺淋巴结的输出淋巴管，其输出淋巴管注入颈外侧深淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_superficial_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="腮腺浅淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腮腺浅淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Superficial parotid lymph nodes" tip="腮腺浅淋巴结:位于腮腺表面和腮腺实质内，由浅、深两群组成，引流额部、颅顶、颞区、耳郭、外耳道、颊部和腮腺等处的淋巴的淋巴结群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_superficial_parotid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈外侧上深淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颈外侧上深淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,R" tip="颈外侧上深淋巴结:沿颈内静脉上段排列，位于面静脉、颈内静脉和二腹肌后腹之间的淋巴结。
|
||
引流鼻咽部、腭扁桃体和舌根部的淋巴," path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_superior_deep_lateral_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状腺上淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/甲状腺上淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Superior thyroid lymph nodes" tip="位于甲状腺上极，引流甲状腺上1/3，甲状腺癌转移常见。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_superior_thyroid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨上淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/锁骨上淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Supraclavicular lymph nodes,R" tip="锁骨上淋巴结：沿颈横血管分布的淋巴结。
|
||
食管癌和胃癌后期，癌细胞可沿胸导管或颈干逆流转移至左锁骨上淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_supraclavicular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="舌骨上淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/舌骨上淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Suprahyoid lymph node,R" tip="舌骨体上方，引流舌尖及口底，口腔癌筛查重点。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_suprahyoid_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈横淋巴结" audio="YinPin2/颈横淋巴结.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical chain of lymph nodes" tip="位置：颈根部，沿颈横静脉分布。
|
||
引流区域：颈深淋巴结、腋淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌或胃癌的远处转移站。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_cervical_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_head_and_neck_lymphatic_ducts 1/SM_transverse_cervical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右肋间干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肋间淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/肋间淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Intercostal (thoracic) lymph nodes,R" tip="肋间淋巴结:多位于肋头附近，沿肋间后血管排列，引流胸后壁的巴，其输出淋巴管注入胸导管，" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_intercostal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肋间淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/肋间淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Intercostal lymph vessels,R" tip="引流区域：胸壁肋间组织、壁层胸膜。
|
||
汇入路径：注入胸导管或支气管纵隔干。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌胸壁转移可能侵犯。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_intercostal_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="椎前淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/椎前淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Prevertebral lymph nodes，R" tip="椎前淋巴结:位于胸主动脉后的淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_intercostal_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_prevertebral_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右淋巴导管" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/右淋巴导管.mp3" englishName="Right lymphatic duct,R" tip="右淋巴导管:引流右上肢、右胸部和右头颈部的淋巴的管道。由右颈干、右锁骨下干和右支气管纵隔干汇合而成，注入右静脉角，与胸导管之间有交通。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_lymphatic_duct">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右锁骨下干及其淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右上肢淋巴结" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="尖淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/尖淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Apical (medial,subclavicular) lymph nodes，R" tip="尖淋巴结:沿腋静脉近侧段排列的淋巴结。引流乳腺上部的淋巴，并收纳中央淋巴结、胸肌淋巴结、外侧淋巴结和肩胛下淋巴结输出淋巴管，合成锁骨下干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_apical_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="外侧淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/外侧淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral lymph nodes,R" tip="外侧淋巴结:沿腋静脉排列的淋巴结。
|
||
收纳除注入锁骨下淋巴以外的上肢浅、深淋巴管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_lateral_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸骨旁淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/胸骨旁淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Parasternal lymph nodes,R" tip="胸骨旁淋巴结:沿胸廓内血管排列，引流胸腹前壁和乳房内侧部的淋巴，并收纳膈上淋巴结的输出淋巴管，其输出淋巴管参与合成支气管纵隔干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_parasternal_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/锁骨下淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Deltopectoral (infraclavicular) lymph nodes,R" tip="锁骨下淋巴结:又称“三角胸肌淋巴结”位于锁骨下、三角肌与胸大肌间沟内，沿头静脉排列，收纳沿头静脉上行的浅淋巴管。其输出管主要注入腋淋巴结" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_subclavian_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛下淋巴结" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/肩胛下淋巴结，右.mp3" englishName="Subscapular (posterior) axillary lymph nodes" tip="肩胛下淋巴结:沿肩胛下血管排列的淋巴结。
|
||
引流背部和颈后部的淋巴，其输出淋巴管注入中央淋巴结和尖淋巴结。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymph_nodes/SM_subscapular_lymph_nodes">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右上肢淋巴管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸骨旁淋巴管分支" audio="YinPin2/胸骨旁淋巴管分支.mp3" englishName="Branches of parasternal lymph vessels" tip="位置：沿胸廓内血管分布(第1-6肋间隙)。
|
||
引流区域：前胸壁、乳腺内侧、膈肌前部。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌内侧象限转移的首站。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymphatic_ducts/SM_branches_of_parasternal_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸肌间淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/胸肌间淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Interpectoral lymph vessels,R" tip="位置：胸大肌与胸小肌之间。
|
||
引流区域：乳腺外侧及腋尾区。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫的关键区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymphatic_ducts/SM_interpectoral_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸骨旁淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/胸骨旁淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Parasternal lymph vessels" tip="位置：沿胸廓内血管分布(第1-6肋间隙)。
|
||
引流区域：前胸壁、乳腺内侧、膈肌前部。
|
||
临床意义：乳腺癌内侧象限转移的首站。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymphatic_ducts/SM_parasternal_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="桡侧淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/桡侧淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Radial lymphatic vessels" tip="位置：沿前臂桡侧皮下走行。
|
||
引流区域：拇指、手背桡侧。
|
||
汇入路径：注入肘淋巴结→腋淋巴结。
|
||
临床意义：手部感染可致肘部淋巴结肿大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymphatic_ducts/SM_radial_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸部淋巴管" audio="YinPin2/胸部淋巴管.mp3" englishName="Thoracic lymphatic vessels" tip="范围：广义指胸内所有淋巴管，包括肺、食管、纵隔淋巴网络。
|
||
临床意义：胸腔积液可能与淋巴回流障碍相关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_right_upper_extremity_lymphatic_ducts/SM_thoracic_lymphatic_ducts">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下干" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/锁骨下干，右.mp3" englishName="Subclavian trunk,R" tip="锁骨下干:由尖淋巴结的输出淋巴管合成较大的淋巴管。
|
||
左侧注入胸导管，右侧注入右淋巴导管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_LinBa/SM_Thoracic_duct/SM_right_subclavian_trunk_and_its_lymph_nodes/SM_subclavian_trunk">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="器官" icon="QiGuan.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="消化系统" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="消化道(消化管)" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="食管" audio="YinPin2/食管.mp3" englishName="Esophagus" tip="解剖定位：上起咽部(C6水平)，下至胃贲门(T11水平)，全长约25cm，分颈段、胸段和腹段。
|
||
结构特点：黏膜层：复层扁平上皮(抗摩擦)，近胃处移行为单层柱状上皮。
|
||
肌层：上1/3为骨骼肌(随意吞咽)，中下段逐渐过渡为平滑肌(自主蠕动)。
|
||
生理狭窄：①咽食管交界(最窄，易异物嵌顿)；②主动脉弓及左主支气管压迹；③食管穿膈处。
|
||
功能：通过蠕动将食物推送入胃，防止胃内容物反流。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Esophagus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="口腔" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="牙龈" audio="YinPin2/牙龈.mp3" englishName="Gingivae" tip="解剖定位：覆盖上下颌牙槽突及牙齿颈部的黏膜组织，分游离龈(边缘)、附着龈(紧密贴附)和龈乳头(填充牙间隙)。
|
||
结构特点：上皮层：高度角化的复层扁平上皮(耐摩擦)。
|
||
固有层：致密结缔组织，富含胶原纤维(与牙骨质结合形成龈牙纤维)。
|
||
功能：保护牙根及牙槽骨，缓冲咀嚼压力，维持牙齿稳定性。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Gingivae">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="硬腭" audio="YinPin2/硬腭.mp3" englishName="Hard palate" tip="解剖定位：口腔顶部前2/3的骨性结构，由两侧上颌骨腭突及腭骨水平板构成，表面覆盖黏膜。
|
||
结构特点：黏膜层：角化复层扁平上皮，紧密附着于骨膜(无黏膜下层)。
|
||
切牙乳头：腭中缝前端隆起，内含鼻腭神经。
|
||
腭皱襞：横向黏膜皱襞(辅助咀嚼时固定食物)。
|
||
功能：分隔口腔与鼻腔，参与发音(如“d”“t”音)和吞咽。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Hard_palate">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="口腔" audio="YinPin2/口腔.mp3" englishName="Oral cavity" tip="解剖定位：消化系统起始部，前界唇、侧界颊、上界硬/软腭、下界口底、后通咽部。
|
||
组成结构：唇：皮肤-黏膜移行区(易发疱疹)；
|
||
颊：咬肌与颊肌间含颊脂垫(婴儿吸吮辅助)；
|
||
舌：味觉、搅拌食物及构音；
|
||
牙：切牙(切割)、尖牙(撕裂)、磨牙(研磨)；
|
||
唾液腺：腮腺、下颌下腺、舌下腺分泌消化液。
|
||
功能：初步机械消化(咀嚼)、化学消化(唾液淀粉酶)、语言共鸣、辅助呼吸。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Oral_cavity">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腭肌" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭帆提肌" audio="YinPin2/左侧腭帆提肌.mp3" englishName="Levator veli palatini" tip="起止点：起自颞骨岩部及咽鼓管软骨，止于软腭中线腱膜。
|
||
功能：上提软腭，关闭鼻咽腔(防止食物反流入鼻腔)。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧麻痹导致腭咽闭合不全(开放性鼻音)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Levator_veli_palatini_muscle_L">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭帆提肌" audio="YinPin2/右侧腭帆提肌.mp3" englishName="Levator veli palatini" tip="起止点：起自颞骨岩部及咽鼓管软骨，止于软腭中线腱膜。
|
||
功能：上提软腭，关闭鼻咽腔(防止食物反流入鼻腔)。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧麻痹导致腭咽闭合不全(开放性鼻音)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Levator_veli_palatini_muscle_R">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="腭垂肌(悬雍垂肌) " audio="YinPin2//腭垂肌（悬雍垂肌）.mp3" englishName="Musculus uvulae" tip="位置：悬雍垂内部纵行肌束。
|
||
功能：缩短悬雍垂，辅助软腭后移。
|
||
临床意义：腭裂修复术中需保留，避免术后鼻音过重。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Musculus_uvulae">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭舌肌" audio="YinPin2/腭舌肌.mp3" englishName="Palatoglossus" tip="起止点：起于软腭中线，止于舌侧缘。
|
||
功能：下拉软腭，上提舌根(协同完成吞咽动作)。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Palatoglossus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭舌肌" audio="YinPin2/腭舌肌.mp3" englishName="Palatoglossus" tip="起止点：起于软腭中线，止于舌侧缘。
|
||
功能：下拉软腭，上提舌根(协同完成吞咽动作)。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Palatoglossus_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭咽肌" audio="YinPin2/腭咽肌.mp3" englishName="Palatopharyngeus" tip="起止点：起于软腭，止于咽后壁及甲状软骨。
|
||
功能：上提咽部，前拉喉部(协同发音与吞咽)。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Palatopharyngeus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭咽肌" audio="YinPin2/腭咽肌.mp3" englishName="Palatopharyngeus" tip="起止点：起于软腭，止于咽后壁及甲状软骨。
|
||
功能：上提咽部，前拉喉部(协同发音与吞咽)。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Palatopharyngeus_muscle_R">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭帆张肌" audio="YinPin2/腭帆张肌.mp3" englishName="Tensor veli palatini" tip="起止点：起自蝶骨翼突及咽鼓管软骨，肌腱绕翼突钩后融入软腭。
|
||
功能：紧张腭帆，协助咽鼓管开放(平衡中耳压力)。
|
||
神经支配：三叉神经下颌支(CN V3)。
|
||
临床意义：肌痉挛可致耳闷胀感(咽鼓管功能障碍)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭帆张肌" audio="YinPin2/腭帆张肌.mp3" englishName="Tensor veli palatini" tip="起止点：起自蝶骨翼突及咽鼓管软骨，肌腱绕翼突钩后融入软腭。
|
||
功能：紧张腭帆，协助咽鼓管开放(平衡中耳压力)。
|
||
神经支配：三叉神经下颌支(CN V3)。
|
||
临床意义：肌痉挛可致耳闷胀感(咽鼓管功能障碍)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Palatal_muscles/Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle_R">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="软腭" audio="YinPin2/软腭.mp3" englishName="Soft palate" tip="组成：黏膜覆盖的肌性结构，含五对横纹肌(提肌、张肌等)。
|
||
功能：分隔口咽与鼻咽，参与发音(如“k”“g”音)、吞咽及呼吸。
|
||
临床意义：软腭麻痹可致鼻反流及构音障碍(如卒中后延髓麻痹)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Soft_palate">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="舌" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏舌肌" audio="YinPin2/颏舌肌.mp3" englishName="Genioglossus" tip="起止点：起于下颌骨颏棘，止于舌中线及舌背。
|
||
功能：前伸舌体(主导伸舌动作)，压低舌背。
|
||
神经支配：舌下神经(CN XII)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧损伤导致伸舌偏向患侧(如舌下神经麻痹)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Genioglossus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颏舌肌" audio="YinPin2/颏舌肌.mp3" englishName="Genioglossus" tip="起止点：起于下颌骨颏棘，止于舌中线及舌背。
|
||
功能：前伸舌体(主导伸舌动作)，压低舌背。
|
||
神经支配：舌下神经(CN XII)。
|
||
临床意义：单侧损伤导致伸舌偏向患侧(如舌下神经麻痹)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Genioglossus_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌骨舌肌" audio="YinPin2/舌骨舌肌.mp3" englishName="Hyoglossus" tip="起止点：起于舌骨大角，止于舌侧缘及舌背。
|
||
功能：下拉舌骨，回缩舌根。
|
||
神经支配：舌下神经(CN XII)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Hyoglossus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌骨舌肌" audio="YinPin2/舌骨舌肌.mp3" englishName="Hyoglossus" tip="起止点：起于舌骨大角，止于舌侧缘及舌背。
|
||
功能：下拉舌骨，回缩舌根。
|
||
神经支配：舌下神经(CN XII)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Hyoglossus_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧茎突舌肌" audio="YinPin2/茎突舌肌.mp3" englishName="Styloglossus" tip="起止点：起于茎突，止于舌侧缘及舌根。
|
||
功能：上提舌根，辅助吞咽。
|
||
神经支配：舌下神经(CN XII)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Styloglossus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧茎突舌肌" audio="YinPin2/茎突舌肌.mp3" englishName="Styloglossus" tip="起止点：起于茎突，止于舌侧缘及舌根。
|
||
功能：上提舌根，辅助吞咽。
|
||
神经支配：舌下神经(CN XII)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Styloglossus_muscle_R">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="舌头" audio="YinPin2/舌头.mp3" englishName="Tongue" tip="结构：由黏膜覆盖的肌性器官，含纵行、横行及垂直肌束。
|
||
功能：咀嚼、吞咽、味觉(前2/3由面神经，后1/3由舌咽神经)、构音。
|
||
临床意义：舌癌(好发于侧缘)、舌下神经损伤(“沟状舌”)、地图舌(良性游走性舌炎)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Tongue/Tongue">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="悬雍垂" audio="YinPin2/悬雍垂.mp3" englishName="Uvula" tip="位置：软腭后缘中央的圆锥形突起。
|
||
功能：分泌唾液湿润咽部，辅助关闭鼻咽腔。
|
||
临床意义：过长或水肿可致打鼾，部分切除用于治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Oral_cavity/Uvula">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="咽" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽鼓管软骨" audio="YinPin2/咽鼓管软骨.mp3" englishName="Eustachian tube cartilage L" tip="位置：构成咽鼓管内侧2/3的软骨框架。
|
||
功能：维持咽鼓管开放，平衡中耳与外界压力。
|
||
临床意义：儿童软骨发育不全易致中耳炎(咽鼓管短平)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Eustachian_tube_cartilage_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽鼓管软骨" audio="YinPin2/咽鼓管软骨.mp3" englishName="Eustachian tube cartilage R" tip="位置：构成咽鼓管内侧2/3的软骨框架。
|
||
功能：维持咽鼓管开放，平衡中耳与外界压力。
|
||
临床意义：儿童软骨发育不全易致中耳炎(咽鼓管短平)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Eustachian_tube_cartilage_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽鼓管" englishName="Eustachian tube L" tip="解剖：连接鼻咽部与中耳鼓室，长约3.5cm，外1/3为骨部，内2/3为软骨部。
|
||
功能：调节鼓室压力，引流中耳分泌物。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Eustachian_tube_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽鼓管" englishName="Eustachian tube R" tip="解剖：连接鼻咽部与中耳鼓室，长约3.5cm，外1/3为骨部，内2/3为软骨部。
|
||
功能：调节鼓室压力，引流中耳分泌物。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Eustachian_tube_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="喉咽" audio="YinPin2/喉咽.mp3" englishName="Laryngopharynx" tip="范围：会厌上缘至环状软骨下缘，包括梨状隐窝、环后区及咽后壁。
|
||
功能：食团进入食管的通道。
|
||
临床意义：梨状隐窝为喉咽癌高发区。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="小角结节" audio="YinPin2/小角结节.mp3" englishName="Corniculate tubercle" tip="位置：位于杓状软骨顶端，喉后壁黏膜下。
|
||
功能：构成喉入口的解剖标志，参与声门闭合。
|
||
临床意义：喉镜检查时可见，肿瘤或炎症可致局部隆起。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx/Corniculate_tubercle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="楔状结节" audio="YinPin2/楔状结节.mp3" englishName="Cuneiform tubercle" tip="位置：杓会厌襞内，小角结节前外侧。
|
||
功能：支撑喉黏膜，辅助关闭喉口。
|
||
临床意义：水肿或新生物可能影响吞咽功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx/Cuneiform_tubercle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="会厌谷" audio="YinPin2/会厌谷.mp3" englishName="Epiglottic vallecula" tip="位置：舌根与会厌之间的凹陷(舌会厌正中襞两侧)。
|
||
功能：暂时储存食物残渣，辅助引导食团进入食管。
|
||
临床意义：异物(如鱼刺)易滞留此处。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx/Epiglottic_vallecula">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喉前庭" audio="YinPin2/喉前庭.mp3" englishName="Laryngeal vestibule" tip="位置：喉入口至室带(假声带)之间的腔隙。
|
||
功能：保护气道，防止误吸。
|
||
临床意义：喉癌早期可表现为前庭黏膜增厚。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx/Laryngeal_vestibule">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喉咽" audio="YinPin2/喉咽.mp3" englishName="Laryngopharynx" tip="范围：会厌上缘至环状软骨下缘，包括梨状隐窝、环后区及咽后壁。
|
||
功能：食团进入食管的通道。
|
||
临床意义：梨状隐窝为喉咽癌高发区。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx/Laryngopharynx">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="梨状隐窝" audio="YinPin2/梨状隐窝.mp3" englishName="Piriform recess" tip="位置：喉咽两侧，杓会厌襞与甲状软骨板之间的凹陷。
|
||
功能：引导食团滑入食管。
|
||
临床意义：内镜检查时需重点观察，易藏匿异物或肿瘤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Laryngopharynx/Piriform_recess">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="鼻咽" audio="YinPin2/鼻咽.mp3" englishName="nasopharynx" tip="范围：软腭以上，与鼻腔相通，含咽鼓管咽口及咽隐窝。
|
||
功能：通气、引流中耳分泌物。
|
||
临床意义：鼻咽癌好发于咽隐窝(EB病毒相关)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/nasopharynx">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="口咽" audio="YinPin2/口咽.mp3" englishName="oropharynx" tip="范围：软腭至会厌上缘，包括舌根、腭扁桃体及咽侧壁。
|
||
功能：呼吸与吞咽的交叉通路。
|
||
临床意义：扁桃体炎或化脓性感染常见。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/oropharynx">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="咽肌" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽下缩肌环咽部分" audio="YinPin2/咽下缩肌环咽部分.mp3" englishName="Cricopharyngeal part inferior constrictor" tip="位置：咽下缩肌最下部，环绕食管入口。
|
||
功能：平时收缩关闭食管上端，吞咽时松弛开放。
|
||
临床意义：失弛缓可致吞咽困难(如环咽肌失弛缓症)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Cricopharyngeal_part_of_inferior_constrictor_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽下缩肌环咽部分" audio="YinPin2/咽下缩肌环咽部分.mp3" englishName="Cricopharyngeal part inferior constrictor" tip="位置：咽下缩肌最下部，环绕食管入口。
|
||
功能：平时收缩关闭食管上端，吞咽时松弛开放。
|
||
临床意义：失弛缓可致吞咽困难(如环咽肌失弛缓症)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Cricopharyngeal_part_of_inferior_constrictor_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽中缩肌" audio="YinPin2/咽中缩肌.mp3" englishName="Middle pharyngeal constrictor" tip="起止点：起于舌骨大角及茎突舌骨韧带，止于咽后壁。
|
||
功能：收缩咽腔，推动食团下行。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽中缩肌" audio="YinPin2/咽中缩肌.mp3" englishName="Middle pharyngeal constrictor " tip="起止点：起于舌骨大角及茎突舌骨韧带，止于咽后壁。
|
||
功能：收缩咽腔，推动食团下行。
|
||
神经支配：迷走神经咽支(CN X)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽鼓管咽肌" audio="YinPin2/咽鼓管咽肌.mp3" englishName="Salpingopharyngeus" tip="位置：连接咽鼓管软骨与咽侧壁。
|
||
功能：吞咽时开放咽鼓管，平衡中耳压力。
|
||
临床意义：功能障碍可致分泌性中耳炎。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Salpingopharyngeus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽鼓管咽肌" audio="YinPin2/咽鼓管咽肌.mp3" englishName="Salpingopharyngeus" tip="位置：连接咽鼓管软骨与咽侧壁。
|
||
功能：吞咽时开放咽鼓管，平衡中耳压力。
|
||
临床意义：功能障碍可致分泌性中耳炎。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Salpingopharyngeus_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧茎突咽肌" audio="YinPin2/茎突咽肌.mp3" englishName="Stylopharyngeus" tip="起止点：起于茎突，止于咽侧壁及甲状软骨。
|
||
功能：上提咽部及喉部，协助吞咽。
|
||
神经支配：舌咽神经(CN IX)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Stylopharyngeus_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧茎突咽肌" audio="YinPin2/茎突咽肌.mp3" englishName="Stylopharyngeus" tip="起止点：起于茎突，止于咽侧壁及甲状软骨。
|
||
功能：上提咽部及喉部，协助吞咽。
|
||
神经支配：舌咽神经(CN IX)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Stylopharyngeus_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽上缩肌" audio="YinPin2/咽上缩肌.mp3" englishName="Superior pharyngeal constrictor" tip="起止点：起于翼突内侧板、下颌舌骨线，止于咽后壁中线。
|
||
功能：吞咽时收缩缩小咽腔。
|
||
临床意义：参与形成“咽颅底筋膜”。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Superior_pharyngeal_constrictor_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽上缩肌" audio="YinPin2/咽上缩肌.mp3" englishName="Superior pharyngeal constrictor " tip="起止点：起于翼突内侧板、下颌舌骨线，止于咽后壁中线。
|
||
功能：吞咽时收缩缩小咽腔。
|
||
临床意义：参与形成“咽颅底筋膜”。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Superior_pharyngeal_constrictor_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽下缩肌甲状咽部分" audio="YinPin2/咽下缩肌甲状咽部分.mp3" englishName="Thyropharyngeal part inferior constrictor" tip="位置：咽下缩肌上部，附着于甲状软骨。
|
||
功能：下拉喉部，辅助发声与吞咽协调。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Thyropharyngeal_part_of_inferior_constrictor_L">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽下缩肌甲状咽部分" audio="YinPin2/咽下缩肌甲状咽部分.mp3" englishName="Thyropharyngeal part inferior constrictor " tip="位置：咽下缩肌上部，附着于甲状软骨。
|
||
功能：下拉喉部，辅助发声与吞咽协调。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Alimentary_canal/Pharynx/Pharyngeal_muscle/Thyropharyngeal_part_of_inferior_constrictor_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="消化腺" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="唾液腺" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧腮腺管" englishName="Parotid (stensen's) duct，R" tip="腮腺管:自腮腺浅部前缘发出，于颧弓下一横指处向前横越咬肌表面，至咬肌前缘处弯向内侧，斜穿颊肌，开口于平对上颌第2磨牙牙冠颊黏膜上的腮腺管乳头。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Parotid_duct_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腮腺管" englishName="Parotid (stensen's) duct,L" tip="腮腺管:自腮腺浅部前缘发出，于颧弓下一横指处向前横越咬肌表面，至咬肌前缘处弯向内侧，斜穿颊肌，开口于平对上颌第2磨牙牙冠颊黏膜上的腮腺管乳头。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Parotid_duct_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腮腺" englishName="Parotid gland,L" tip="腮腺:最大的唾液腺，重15-30g，形状不规则，可分浅部
|
||
和深部。
|
||
浅部略呈三角形，上达颧弓，下至下颌角，前至咬肌后1/3的浅面，后续腺的深部。深部伸入下颌支与胸锁乳突肌之间的下颌后窝内。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Parotid_gland_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腮腺" englishName="Parotid gland,R" tip="腮腺:最大的唾液腺，重15-30g，形状不规则，可分浅部
|
||
和深部。
|
||
浅部略呈三角形，上达颧弓，下至下颌角，前至咬肌后1/3的浅面，后续腺的深部。深部伸入下颌支与胸锁乳突肌之间的下颌后窝内。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Parotid_gland_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌下腺" englishName="Sublingual gland,L" tip="舌下腺:较小，重约2-3g。
|
||
楼腺管:自腐牌
|
||
核攻肌表面，
|
||
平对上领第2座
|
||
位于口腔底舌下襞的深面。舌下腺导管有大、小两种，大管有一条，与下颌下腺管共同开口于舌下阜，小管约有5-15条，短而细，直接开口于舌下襞黏膜表面。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Sublingual_gland_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌下腺" englishName="Sublingual gland,R" tip="舌下腺:较小，重约2-3g。
|
||
楼腺管:自腐牌
|
||
核攻肌表面，
|
||
平对上领第2座
|
||
位于口腔底舌下襞的深面。舌下腺导管有大、小两种，大管有一条，与下颌下腺管共同开口于舌下阜，小管约有5-15条，短而细，直接开口于舌下襞黏膜表面。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Sublingual_gland_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌下腺管" englishName="Submandibular duct,L" tip="下颌下腺管:下颌下腺的导管。自腺体内侧面发出，沿口底黏膜深面前行，开口于舌下学阜" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Submandibular_duct_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌下腺管" englishName="Submandibular duct,R" tip="下颌下腺管:下颌下腺的导管。自腺体内侧面发出，沿口底黏膜深面前行，开口于舌下学阜" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Submandibular_duct_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌下腺" englishName="Submandibular gland,L" tip="下颌下腺:呈扁椭圆形，重约159。位于下颌体下缘及二腹肌前、后腹所围成的下颌下三角
|
||
内。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Submandibular_gland_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌下腺" englishName="Submandibular gland,R" tip="下颌下腺:呈扁椭圆形，重约159。位于下颌体下缘及二腹肌前、后腹所围成的下颌下三角
|
||
内。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Digestive_system/Digestive_gland/Salivary_gland/Submandibular_gland_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="内分泌系统" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Endocrine_system">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左下甲状旁腺" audio="YinPin2/甲状旁腺下腺.mp3" englishName="inferior parathyroid gland" tip="位置：甲状腺下极后方，多位于甲状腺下动脉附近。
|
||
功能：分泌甲状旁腺激素(PTH)，调节血钙。
|
||
临床意义：甲状腺手术中易误切，导致低钙血症。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Endocrine_system/Left_inferior_parathyroid_gland">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左上甲状旁腺" audio="YinPin2/甲状旁腺上腺.mp3" englishName="superior parathyroid gland" tip="位置：甲状腺上极后方，常位于环状软骨水平。
|
||
功能：同下腺，主司钙磷代谢。
|
||
临床意义：原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进多由此腺瘤引起。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Endocrine_system/Left_superior_parathyroid_gland">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右下甲状旁腺" audio="YinPin2/甲状旁腺下腺.mp3" englishName=" inferior parathyroid gland" tip="位置：甲状腺下极后方，多位于甲状腺下动脉附近。
|
||
功能：分泌甲状旁腺激素(PTH)，调节血钙。
|
||
临床意义：甲状腺手术中易误切，导致低钙血症。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Endocrine_system/Right_inferior_parathyroid_gland">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右上甲状旁腺" audio="YinPin2/甲状旁腺上腺.mp3" englishName=" superior parathyroid gland" tip="位置：甲状腺上极后方，常位于环状软骨水平。
|
||
功能：同下腺，主司钙磷代谢。
|
||
临床意义：原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进多由此腺瘤引起。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Endocrine_system/Right_superior_parathyroid_gland">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="甲状腺" englishName="Thyroid gland" tip="结构：H形腺体，分左右叶及峡部，贴附于喉下部。
|
||
功能：合成甲状腺激素(T3/T4)，调控代谢。
|
||
临床意义：结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺癌(乳头状癌最常见)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Endocrine_system/Thyroid_gland">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="呼吸系统" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下呼吸道" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/Lower_respiratory_tract">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="气管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/Lower_respiratory_tract/Trachea" isLineModeItem="true">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="气管软骨环" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/气管软骨环.mp3" englishName="Cartilaginous rings of trachea" tip="范围：喉以下部分，包括气管、支气管及肺内分支。
|
||
功能：气体交换通道，纤毛清除异物。
|
||
临床意义：慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、哮喘等主要累及此区域。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/Lower_respiratory_tract/Trachea/Cartilaginous_rings_of_trachea">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上呼吸道" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="喉" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="喉软骨" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧杓状软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杓状软骨，左.mp3" englishName="Arytenoid cartilage,L" tip="构状软骨:又名披裂软骨，位于环状软骨板后上缘，呈三角锥形，左右各一，顶尖向后内方倾斜，其底部和环状软骨连接成环构关节，它在关节面上的滑动和旋转可使声带张开或闭合。底的前角名声突，声带后端附着于此。底的外侧角名肌突，为环侧肌和环杓后肌附着之处，司声门的开放与关闭。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Arytenoid_cartilage_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧杓状软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杓状软骨，右.mp3" englishName="Arytenoid cartilage,R" tip="构状软骨:又名披裂软骨，位于环状软骨板后上缘，呈三角锥形，左右各一，顶尖向后内方倾斜，其底部和环状软骨连接成环构关节，它在关节面上的滑动和旋转可使声带张开或闭合。底的前角名声突，声带后端附着于此。底的外侧角名肌突，为环侧肌和环杓后肌附着之处，司声门的开放与关闭。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Arytenoid_cartilage_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧小角软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小角软骨，左.mp3" englishName="Corniculate cartilage,L" tip="小角软骨:一对椭圆形小纤维软骨块。
|
||
位于杓状软骨尖的上方，为构状软骨向后内方的延续。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Corniculate_cartilage_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧小角软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脚软骨，右.mp3" englishName="Corniculate cartilage,R" tip="小角软骨:一对椭圆形小纤维软骨块。
|
||
位于杓状软骨尖的上方，为构状软骨向后内方的延续。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Corniculate_cartilage_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="环状软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环状软骨.mp3" englishName="Cricoid cartilage,R" tip="环状软骨:是喉与气管环中唯一完整的环形软骨，是喉支架的基础，对支持喉腔通畅，保证呼吸甚为重要，若因外伤缺损，常致喉狭窄。环状软骨位于甲状软骨之下，下接气管,前部较窄，称环状软骨弓，后部向上延展而较宽阔，称环状软骨板" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Cricoid_cartilage">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="环甲正中韧带" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环甲正中韧带.mp3" englishName="Median circothyroid ligament,R" tip="环甲正中韧带:弹性圆锥中部的纤维组织增厚形成，呈垂直方向，系于甲状软骨下缘与环状软骨弓之间的韧带。急性喉阻塞时，常在此处穿刺，以建立暂时通气道。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Cricothyroid_ligament">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="环状软骨气管韧带" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环状软骨气管韧带.mp3" englishName="Cricotracheal ligament " tip="环状软骨气管韧带:连于环状软骨下缘与第一气管软骨环上缘之间的结缔组织膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Cricotracheal_ligament">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="会厌" audio="YinPin2/会厌.mp3" englishName="Epiglottis" tip="结构：弹性软骨覆以黏膜，形似叶片。
|
||
功能：吞咽时遮盖喉口，防止误吸。
|
||
临床意义：会厌炎(急性期可致窒息)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Epiglottis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="舌骨会厌韧带" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/舌骨会厌韧带.mp3" englishName="Hyoepiglottic ligament" tip="舌骨会厌韧带:连结于舌骨下缘和会厌软骨舌面之间，呈水平位的韧带。
|
||
与甲状舌骨膜之间被脂肪组织所分离。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Hyoid_epiglottic_ligament">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状舌骨膜" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/甲状舌骨膜.mp3" englishName="Thyrohyoid membrane" tip="甲状舌骨膜:位于舌骨与甲状软骨上缘间结缔组织膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Thyrohyoid_membrane">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="甲状软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/甲状软骨.mp3" englishName="Thyroid cartilage" tip="甲状软骨:喉支架中最大的一块软骨，形状如同竖立的向后半开的书两侧由左右对称的甲状软骨翼板在颈前正中线汇合形成一定的角度，男性夹角较小且上端向前突出，称为喉结，女性近似钝角，结不明显两侧甲状软骨翼板后缘向上、下端延伸，呈小柱状突起，分别称为上角和下角，上角较长，借韧带与舌骨大角相连;下角较短，其内侧面与环状软骨后外侧面的小凹形成环甲关节。甲状软骨上缘正中有-“V”形凹陷，称甲状软骨切迹，为识别颈正中线的标志" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Thyroid_cartilage">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧声韧带" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/声韧带，左.mp3" englishName="Vocal ligament,L" tip="声韧带:弹性圆锥上缘游离增厚部分。
|
||
紧张于甲状软骨至声带突之间。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Vocal_ligament_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧声韧带" audio="YinPin301-400/声韧带,右.mp3" englishName="Vocal ligament,R" tip="声韧带:弹性圆锥上缘游离增厚部分。
|
||
紧张于甲状软骨至声带突之间。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/laryngeal_cartilage/Vocal_ligament_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喉腔" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_cavity">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="弹性圆锥" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/弹性圆锥.mp3" englishName="Elastic conus" tip="弹性圆锥:又称“环甲膜”
|
||
圆锥形的弹性纤维膜。尖附着于甲状软骨前角内面，底附着于环状软骨上缘和构状软骨声带突，上缘游离增厚，为声襞的支架前部的纤维组织增厚，系于甲状软骨下缘与环状软骨弓之间。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_cavity/Conus_elasticus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喉室" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/喉室.mp3" englishName="Ventricle of larynx" tip="喉室:喉中间腔侧壁上的一梭形的隐窝,开口于前庭襞和声襞之间。内衬有喉黏膜，外面有甲杓肌覆盖在每侧的前部，有口通喉小囊." path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_cavity/Laryngeal_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="前庭襞" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/前庭襞.mp3" englishName="Vestibular fold" tip="前庭襞:又称“室襞”
|
||
连于甲状软骨前角后面与杓状软骨声带突上方的前内侧缘，是呈矢状位、粉红色的黏膜皱襞。两侧前庭襞之间的裂隙称前庭裂，较声门裂苋。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_cavity/Vestibular_fold">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="声襞" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/声襞.mp3" englishName="Vocal fold" tip="声襞:紧张于甲状软骨前角内面中央两侧与构状软骨声带突之间，它较前庭襞更凸向喉腔" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_cavity/Vocal_fold">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="喉肌" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧杓状会厌襞" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杓状会厌襞，左.mp3" englishName="Aryepiglottic fold,L" tip="构状会厌襞:连接构状软骨尖与会厌软骨侧缘的黏膜皱襞是喉黏膜与咽黏膜的移行处，构成喉口的两侧缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Aryepiglottic_fold_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧杓状会厌襞" audio="YinPin301-400/杓状会厌襞,右.mp3" englishName="Aryepiglottic fold,R" tip="构状会厌襞:连接构状软骨尖与会厌软骨侧缘的黏膜皱襞是喉黏膜与咽黏膜的移行处，构成喉口的两侧缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Aryepiglottic_fold_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧杓会厌部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杓会厌部，左.mp3" englishName="Aryepiglottic part,L" tip="杓会厌部:位于杓状会厌襞内，构斜肌向上的延续，起自杓状软骨尖，止于会厌软骨外侧缘及甲状会厌韧带。收缩时可将会厌拉向后下方，关闭喉口。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Aryepiglottic_part_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧杓会厌部" englishName="Aryepiglottic part,R" audio="YinPin301-400/杓会厌部,右.mp3" tip="杓会厌部:位于杓状会厌襞内，构斜肌向上的延续，起自杓状软骨尖，止于会厌软骨外侧缘及甲状会厌韧带。收缩时可将会厌拉向后下方，关闭喉口。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Aryepiglottic_part_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="杓斜肌" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杓斜肌.mp3" englishName="Oblique arytenoid" tip="构斜肌:位于杓横肌的后面，起自杓状软骨的肌突，斜向上行，两侧交叉止于对侧构状软骨尖的肌肉。其作用是缩小喉口，与杓横肌共同收缩关闭喉口。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Arytenoid_oblique_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="杓横肌" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杓横肌.mp3" englishName="Transverse arytenoid" tip="构横肌:在杓状软骨后面，构斜肌深面的肌肉。肌束横行，两端连于两侧构状软骨肌突及其外侧缘。收缩时使声带略紧张，缩小喉口及喉前庭。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Arytenoid_transverse_muscle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧环杓侧肌" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环杓侧肌，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral cricoarytenoid,L" tip="环杓侧肌:起自环状软骨弓上缘和弹性圆锥的外面，自甲状软骨板的内侧斜行向后上方，止于构状软骨肌突的前面。收缩时牵引肌突向前下方运动，使声带突向内侧转，从而使声门裂变窄。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧环杓侧肌" audio="YinPin301-400/环杓侧肌,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral cricoarytenoid,R" tip="环杓侧肌:起自环状软骨弓上缘和弹性圆锥的外面，自甲状软骨板的内侧斜行向后上方，止于构状软骨肌突的前面。收缩时牵引肌突向前下方运动，使声带突向内侧转，从而使声门裂变窄。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧环甲肌斜部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环甲肌斜部，左.mp3" englishName="Cricothyroid (oblique part),L" tip="环甲肌斜部:环甲肌的下部肌纤维。
|
||
斜向后外侧，至甲状软骨下角的前缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Oblique_part_of_cricothyroid_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧环甲肌斜部" audio="YinPin301-400/环甲肌斜部,右.mp3" englishName="Cricothyroid (oblique part),R" tip="环甲肌斜部:环甲肌的下部肌纤维。
|
||
斜向后外侧，至甲状软骨下角的前缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Oblique_part_of_cricothyroid_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧环杓后肌" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环杓后肌，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior cricoarytenoid,L" tip="环杓后肌:成对，起自环状软骨板后面，斜向外上方，止于同侧构状软骨的肌突。
|
||
收缩时使环构关节在垂直轴上旋转，拉肌突转向后内下，使声带突转向外上，声门裂开大，声带紧张。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧环杓后肌" audio="YinPin301-400/环杓后肌,右.mp3" englishName="Posterior cricoarytenoid,R" tip="环杓后肌:成对，起自环状软骨板后面，斜向外上方，止于同侧构状软骨的肌突。
|
||
收缩时使环构关节在垂直轴上旋转，拉肌突转向后内下，使声带突转向外上，声门裂开大，声带紧张。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧环甲肌直部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/环甲肌直部，左.mp3" englishName="Cricothyroid (straight part),R" tip="环甲肌直部:环甲肌的上部肌纤维，倾斜度较小，向后至甲状软骨板下缘后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Straight_part_of_cricothyroid_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧环甲肌直部" audio="YinPin301-400/环甲肌直部,右.mp3" englishName="Cricothyroid (straight part),R" tip="环甲肌直部:环甲肌的上部肌纤维，倾斜度较小，向后至甲状软骨板下缘后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Straight_part_of_cricothyroid_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧甲杓肌" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/甲杓肌，左.mp3" englishName="Thyroarytenoid,L" tip="甲杓肌:起于甲状软骨前角后面，向后止于构状软骨外侧面，其位于前庭韧带外侧的上部肌束能缩短前庭襞;下部肌束位于声襞内，声韧带的外侧，称声带肌。
|
||
收缩时使声襞变短，导致声襞松弛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Thyroarytenoid_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧甲杓肌" audio="YinPin301-400/甲杓肌,右.mp3" englishName="Thyroarytenoid,R" tip="甲杓肌:起于甲状软骨前角后面，向后止于构状软骨外侧面，其位于前庭韧带外侧的上部肌束能缩短前庭襞;下部肌束位于声襞内，声韧带的外侧，称声带肌。
|
||
收缩时使声襞变短，导致声襞松弛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Thyroarytenoid_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧甲状会厌部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/甲状会厌部，左.mp3" englishName="Thyroepiglottic part,L" tip="甲状会厌部:甲杓肌的一部分
|
||
起自甲状软骨后面中部，甲杓肌起点的外侧，斜向后上方，一部分止于会厌软骨侧缘与杓会厌肌混合;一分部止于构会厌内的组织结构。其作用可将会厌软骨拉向前下方，使喉口及喉前庭扩大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Thyroepiglottic_part_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧甲状会厌部" audio="YinPin301-400/甲状会厌部,右.mp3" englishName="Thyroepiglottic part,R" tip="甲状会厌部:甲杓肌的一部分
|
||
起自甲状软骨后面中部，甲杓肌起点的外侧，斜向后上方，一部分止于会厌软骨侧缘与杓会厌肌混合;一分部止于构会厌内的组织结构。其作用可将会厌软骨拉向前下方，使喉口及喉前庭扩大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Thyroepiglottic_part_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧声带肌" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/声带肌，左.mp3" englishName="Vocalis,L" tip="声带肌:甲杓肌下部肌束。
|
||
位于声襞内，声韧带的外侧，其收缩使声襞变短而松弛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Vocalis_muscle_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧声带肌" audio="YinPin301-400/声带肌,右.mp3" englishName="Vocalis,R" tip="声带肌:甲杓肌下部肌束。
|
||
位于声襞内，声韧带的外侧，其收缩使声襞变短而松弛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/larynx/Laryngeal_muscles/Vocalis_muscle_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="鼻软骨" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cartilages">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="鼻中隔软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/鼻中隔软骨.mp3" englishName="Septal cartilage" tip="鼻中隔软骨:又称“鼻隔板”
|
||
鼻腔内一不规则之四边形的薄软骨板。边缘较厚，中部较薄，构成鼻中隔前下部的基础。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cartilages/Cartilage_of_nasal_septum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻翼大软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/鼻翼大软骨，左.mp3" englishName="Major alar cartilage,L" tip="鼻翼大软骨:成对弯曲如马蹄形的薄软骨板。
|
||
位于鼻尖两侧，构成鼻翼的主要支架，分为内、外侧脚。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cartilages/Greater_alar_cartilage_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻翼大软骨" audio="YinPin301-400/鼻翼大软骨,右.mp3" englishName="Major alar cartilage,R" tip="鼻翼大软骨:成对弯曲如马蹄形的薄软骨板。
|
||
位于鼻尖两侧，构成鼻翼的主要支架，分为内、外侧脚。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cartilages/Greater_alar_cartilage_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻外侧软骨" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/鼻外侧软骨，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral nasal cartilage,L" tip="鼻外侧软骨:为两块，均呈三角形。
|
||
在中线与中隔软骨结合为一体，上方与鼻骨相连时，多移行于鼻骨下方，两侧与上颌骨额突紧密结合，下方为游离缘，与鼻翼软骨为邻。鼻外侧软骨与鼻骨共同构成鼻上部的锥形形态。鼻外侧软骨的外侧面附有相应的肌肉，呼吸运动时，侧鼻软骨有一定的活动度;内侧面为鼻粘膜覆盖，形成鼻腔的一部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cartilages/Lateral_nasal_cartilage_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻外侧软骨" audio="YinPin301-400/鼻外侧软骨,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral nasal cartilage,R" tip="鼻外侧软骨:为两块，均呈三角形。
|
||
在中线与中隔软骨结合为一体，上方与鼻骨相连时，多移行于鼻骨下方，两侧与上颌骨额突紧密结合，下方为游离缘，与鼻翼软骨为邻。鼻外侧软骨与鼻骨共同构成鼻上部的锥形形态。鼻外侧软骨的外侧面附有相应的肌肉，呼吸运动时，侧鼻软骨有一定的活动度;内侧面为鼻粘膜覆盖，形成鼻腔的一部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cartilages/Lateral_nasal_cartilage_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻腔" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中鼻甲" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中鼻甲，左.mp3" englishName="Middle nasal concha,L" tip="中鼻甲:位于上、下鼻甲之间，由筛骨迷路内侧壁向下卷曲的薄骨片并覆以黏膜构成的结构。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Middle_nasal_concha_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中鼻甲" audio="YinPin301-400/中鼻甲,右.mp3" englishName="Middle nasal concha,R" tip="中鼻甲:位于上、下鼻甲之间，由筛骨迷路内侧壁向下卷曲的薄骨片并覆以黏膜构成的结构。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Middle_nasal_concha_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下鼻甲黏膜" audio="YinPin2/下鼻甲黏膜.mp3" englishName="Inferior nasal concha mucosa,L" tip="结构：富含海绵状血管丛及纤毛上皮。
|
||
功能：加温加湿空气，过滤颗粒物。
|
||
临床意义：肥厚性鼻炎常需部分切除。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Mucosa_of_inferior_nasal_concha_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下鼻甲黏膜" audio="YinPin2/下鼻甲黏膜.mp3" englishName="Inferior nasal concha mucosa,R" tip="结构：富含海绵状血管丛及纤毛上皮。
|
||
功能：加温加湿空气，过滤颗粒物。
|
||
临床意义：肥厚性鼻炎常需部分切除。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Mucosa_of_inferior_nasal_concha_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻腔" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/鼻腔，左.mp3" englishName="Nasal cavity,L" tip="鼻腔:是由骨和软骨及其表面被覆的黏膜和皮肤构成。鼻腔内衬黏膜并被鼻中隔分成两半，向前通外界处称鼻孔，向后通鼻咽部称鼻后孔。每侧鼻腔又分鼻前庭和固有鼻腔，两者以鼻为界。鼻阚是皮肤和黏膜的交界处，鼻前庭壁由皮肤覆盖，生有鼻毛，有滤过和净化空气的功能;鼻前庭富有皮脂腺和汗腺，是疖肿的好发部位;且因其缺少皮下组织，故在发生疖肿时疼痛剧烈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Nasal_cavity_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻腔" englishName="Nasal cavity,R" tip="鼻腔:是由骨和软骨及其表面被覆的黏膜和皮肤构成。鼻腔内衬黏膜并被鼻中隔分成两半，向前通外界处称鼻孔，向后通鼻咽部称鼻后孔。每侧鼻腔又分鼻前庭和固有鼻腔，两者以鼻为界。鼻阚是皮肤和黏膜的交界处，鼻前庭壁由皮肤覆盖，生有鼻毛，有滤过和净化空气的功能;鼻前庭富有皮脂腺和汗腺，是疖肿的好发部位;且因其缺少皮下组织，故在发生疖肿时疼痛剧烈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Nasal_cavity_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻腔断面" audio="YinPin2/鼻腔断面.mp3" englishName="Section nasal cavity " tip="组成：由鼻中隔分为左右腔，含上/中/下鼻甲及对应鼻道。
|
||
功能：通气、嗅觉、共鸣。
|
||
临床意义：鼻窦炎常伴鼻道堵塞。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Section_of_nasal_cavity_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻腔断面" audio="YinPin2/鼻腔断面.mp3" englishName="Section nasal cavity" tip="组成：由鼻中隔分为左右腔，含上/中/下鼻甲及对应鼻道。
|
||
功能：通气、嗅觉、共鸣。
|
||
临床意义：鼻窦炎常伴鼻道堵塞。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Section_of_nasal_cavity_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="半月裂孔" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/半月裂孔.mp3" englishName="Semilunar hiatus" tip="半月裂孔:将中鼻甲切除后，在中鼻道的中部凹向上的弧形窄裂，长约15-20mm，后部为上颌窦开口。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Semilunar_hiatus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上鼻甲" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/上鼻甲，左.mp3" englishName="Superior nasal concha,L" tip="上鼻甲:位于中鼻甲上方，由筛骨迷路内侧壁向下卷曲的薄骨片并覆以黏膜构成的结构。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Superior_nasal_concha_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上鼻甲" audio="YinPin301-400/上鼻甲,右.mp3" englishName="Superior nasal concha,R" tip="上鼻甲:位于中鼻甲上方，由筛骨迷路内侧壁向下卷曲的薄骨片并覆以黏膜构成的结构。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Nasal_cavity/Superior_nasal_concha_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="鼻旁窦(鼻窦)" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧前筛窦(膜)" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/前筛窦(膜），左.mp3" englishName="Ethmoid sinuses,anterior group (membranes),L" tip="前筛窦:位于筛窦前部的腔洞。
|
||
多开口于筛骨漏斗，有时开口于鼻额管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Anterior_ethmoidal_sinuses__membrane_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧前筛窦(膜)" audio="YinPin301-400/前筛窦(膜）,右.mp3" englishName="Ethmoid sinuses,anterior group (membranes),R" tip="前筛窦:位于筛窦前部的腔洞。
|
||
多开口于筛骨漏斗，有时开口于鼻额管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Anterior_ethmoidal_sinuses__membrane_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧额窦(膜）" audio="YinPin2/额窦窦膜.mp3" tip="额窦:位于额骨额鳞下部内的腔洞。
|
||
数目、大小与形状不一，一般为三角形，多左、右各一。开口于中鼻道。" englishName="Frontal sinuses (membranes),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Frontal_sinuses__membrane_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧额窦(膜）" audio="YinPin2/额窦窦膜.mp3" tip="额窦:位于额骨额鳞下部内的腔洞。
|
||
数目、大小与形状不一，一般为三角形，多左、右各一。开口于中鼻道。" englishName="Frontal sinuses (membranes),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Frontal_sinuses__membrane_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上颌窦(膜）" audio="YinPin2/上颌窦窦膜.mp3" tip="上颌窦:鼻旁窦中最大者，位于上颌骨体内，近似三角形的腔洞。
|
||
以鼻腔外侧壁为基底，顶向颧骨突，大小与形状个体之间相差很大。" englishName="Maxillary sinuses (menbranes),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Maxillary_sinuses__membrane_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌窦(膜）" audio="YinPin2/上颌窦窦膜.mp3" tip="上颌窦:鼻旁窦中最大者，位于上颌骨体内，近似三角形的腔洞。
|
||
以鼻腔外侧壁为基底，顶向颧骨突，大小与形状个体之间相差很大。" englishName="Maxillary sinuses (menbranes),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Maxillary_sinuses__membrane_R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中筛窦(膜 ）" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中筛窦(膜 ），左.mp3" tip="中筛窦:位于筛窦中部的腔洞。
|
||
多开口于中鼻道或筛泡上方。" englishName="Ethmoid sinuses,middle group (membranes),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Middle_ethmoidal_sinuses__membrane_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中筛窦(膜 ）" audio="YinPin301-400/中筛窦(膜）,右.mp3" tip="中筛窦:位于筛窦中部的腔洞。
|
||
多开口于中鼻道或筛泡上方。" englishName="Ethmoid sinuses,middle group (membranes),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Middle_ethmoidal_sinuses__membrane_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧后筛窦(膜）" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/后筛窦(膜），左.mp3" tip="后筛窦:位于筛窦后部的腔洞。
|
||
开口于上鼻道。" englishName="Ethmoid sinuses,posterior group (membranes),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Posterior_ethmoidal_sinuses__membrane__L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧后筛窦(膜）" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/后筛窦(膜），左.mp3" tip="后筛窦:位于筛窦后部的腔洞。
|
||
开口于上鼻道。" englishName="Ethmoid sinuses,posterior group (membranes),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Posterior_ethmoidal_sinuses__membrane__R">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧蝶窦(膜）" audio="YinPin2/蝶窦窦膜.mp3" tip="蝶窦:位于蝶骨体内、鼻腔上后方的窦腔，邻近后筛窦。
|
||
多被蝶窦中隔分为左、右二腔，开口于同侧鼻腔的蝶筛隐窝。" englishName="Sphenoid sinuses (membranes),L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Sphenoidal_sinuses__membrane_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧蝶窦(膜）" audio="YinPin2/蝶窦窦膜.mp3" tip="蝶窦:位于蝶骨体内、鼻腔上后方的窦腔，邻近后筛窦。
|
||
多被蝶窦中隔分为左、右二腔，开口于同侧鼻腔的蝶筛隐窝。" englishName="Sphenoid sinuses (membranes),R" path="Ren_NEW/SM_QiGuan/Respiratory_system/upper_respiratory_tract/Nose/Paranasal_sinuses/Sphenoidal_sinuses__membrane_R">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="神经" icon="整体结构-shenjing.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="神经" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="臂丛(神经)" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛神经及其分支" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧锁骨下分支" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧外侧束分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_lateral_cord">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸外侧神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/胸外侧神经，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral pectoral (C05-C07),L" tip="胸外侧神经：(C5-C7)自臂丛外侧束发出，跨过腋动、静脉的前方，穿锁胸筋膜后行于胸大肌深面，并分布至该肌。
|
||
在走行过程中，此神经尚发出一支与胸内侧神经汇合，分布于胸小肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_lateral_cord/SM_lateral_pectoral_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="正中神经外侧根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/正中神经外侧根，左.mp3" englishName=" Median, lateral root,L" tip="正中神经外侧根：发自臂丛外侧束的正中神经纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_lateral_cord/SM_lateral_root_of_median_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肌皮神经 " audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/肌皮神经，左.mp3" englishName="Musculocutaneous (C05-C07),L" tip="肌皮神经：(C5-C7)发自臂丛外侧束，向外下方走行斜穿喙肱肌，后于肱二头肌与肱肌之间下行，沿途发支支配以上三肌。
|
||
在肘关节稍下方，部分纤维从肱二头肌下端外侧穿出深筋膜，分布于前臂外侧份的皮肤，称为前臂外侧皮神经。肱骨上中段骨折时可导致该神经的损伤，表现为屈肘无力以及前臂外侧部皮肤感觉的减弱。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_lateral_cord/SM_musculocutaneous_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧内侧束的分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_medial_cord">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="前臂内侧皮神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/前臂内侧皮神经，左.mp3" englishName="Medial antebrachial cutaneous (C08,T01),L" tip="前臂内侧皮神经：发自臂丛内侧束的神经。
|
||
分前、后两支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_medial_cord/SM_medial_antebrachial_cutaneous_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="臂内侧皮神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂内侧皮神经，左.mp3" englishName="Medial brachial cutaneous (T01),L" tip="臂内侧皮神经：发自臂丛内侧束，分布于臂前内侧面皮肤的神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_medial_cord/SM_medial_brachial_cutaneous_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="正中神经内侧根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/正中神经内侧根，左.mp3" englishName="Median, medial root,L" tip="正中神经内侧根：发自臂丛内侧束的正中神经纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_medial_cord/SM_medial_root_of_median_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="尺神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/尺神经，左.mp3" englishName="Ulnar (C08,T01),L" tip="尺神经：自臂丛内侧束发出后，经腋动、静脉之间出腋窝，先在肱二头肌内侧沟内肱动脉内侧下行至臂中份，继而穿内侧肌间隔至臂后区内侧继续下行入肱骨内上髁后方的尺神经沟。
|
||
在此尺神经由后向前穿过尺侧腕屈肌的起点，行至前臂前内侧份，伴随尺动脉于尺侧腕屈肌与指深屈肌之间下行至桡腕关节上方发出手背支，主干在豌豆骨桡侧，屈肌支持带浅面分为浅支和深支。这些分支在掌腱膜深面、腕横韧带浅面进入手掌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_medial_cord/SM_ulnar_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸内侧神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/胸内侧神经，左.mp3" englishName="Medial pectoral (C08,T01),L" tip="胸内侧神经：发自臂丛内侧束，常与胸外侧神经分支联合，分布于胸小肌和部分胸大肌的神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_medial_cord/XiongNeiCeShenJing"
|
||
lineModeWidth="0.000003"
|
||
>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧后束的分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_posterior_cord">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="桡神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/桡神经，左.mp3" englishName="Radial (C05-T01),L" tip="桡神经：发自臂丛后束，始位于腋动脉的后方，与肱深动脉伴行，经肱三头肌长头和内侧头之间下行，沿桡神经沟绕肱骨中段后面旋行向外下，至肱骨外上髁稍上方穿过外侧肌间隔达肱肌与肱桡肌之间，后继续于肱桡肌与桡侧腕长伸肌之间在前臂下行。
|
||
桡神经在臂部发出较多分支，其中肌支主要分布于肱三头肌、肘肌、肱桡肌和桡侧腕长伸肌。关节支分布于肘关节。
|
||
皮支共有三支：臂后皮神经在腋窝发出后分布于臂后区的皮肤；臂外侧下皮神经在三角肌止点远侧浅出，分布于臂下外侧部的皮肤；前臂后皮神经自臂中份外侧浅出下行至前臂后面，直达腕部，沿途分支分布于前臂后面皮肤。
|
||
在肱骨外上髁前方桡神经分为浅支和深支两终末支。
|
||
桡神经浅支为皮支，自肱骨外上髁前外侧向下沿桡动脉外侧下行，在前臂中、下1/3交界处转向背侧，继续下行至手背部，分为4-5支指背神经，分布于手背桡侧半皮肤和桡侧三个半手指近节背面的皮肤。深支较浅支粗大，主要为肌支。
|
||
该支在桡骨颈外侧穿过旋后肌至前臂后面，在前臂浅、深伸肌群之间下行达腕关节背面，沿途发支分布于前臂伸肌群、桡尺远侧关节、桡腕关节和掌骨间关节。因其走行及分布的特点，深支又被称为骨间后神经。
|
||
|
||
桡神经在肱骨中段紧贴桡神经沟骨面走行，肱骨中段或中、下1/3交界处骨折容易合并桡神经的损伤，导致前臂伸肌群的瘫痪，表现为抬前臂时呈“垂腕”状，同时第1、2掌骨间背面皮肤感觉障碍明显。桡骨颈骨折时，可损伤桡神经深支，出现伸腕无力，不能伸指等症状。
|
||
自腋后襞下缘外侧端与臂相交处斜向外下连于肱骨外上髁，此连线即为桡神经在臂背侧面的投影。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_posterior_cord/SM_radial_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上肩胛下神经" audio="YinPin1489/上肩胛下神经，左.mp3" englishName="Upper subscapular (C05-C06),L" tip="肩胛下神经：发自臂丛的后束，常分为上支和下支，分别进入肩胛下肌和大圆肌，支配该二肌的运动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_posterior_cord/SM_subscapular_nerve_superior">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下肩胛下神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/下肩胛下神经，左.mp3" englishName="Lower subscapular (C05-C06),L" tip="肩胛下神经：发自臂丛的后束，常分为上支和下支，分别进入肩胛下肌和大圆肌，支配该二肌的运动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_posterior_cord/SM_thoracodorsal_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸背神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/胸背神经，左.mp3" englishName="Thoracodorsal (C06-C08),L" tip="胸背神经：(C6-C8)自臂丛后束发出，后沿肩胛骨外侧缘伴肩胛下血管下行，分支分布于背阔肌。
|
||
乳腺癌根治术过程中清除淋巴结时，应注意勿伤及此神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_left_subclavian/SM_branches_of_left_posterior_cord/SM_thoracodorsal_nerve 1">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂丛束" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_cord">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛外侧束" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛外侧束，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral cord (C05-C07),L" tip="臂丛外侧束：由臂丛上、中两干的前股纤维合成的神经束。
|
||
于腋窝中部行于腋动脉的外侧。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_cord/SM_lateral_cord_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛内侧束" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛内侧束，左.mp3" englishName="Medial cord (C08,T01),L" tip="臂丛内侧束：由臂丛下干前股的纤维独自构成的神经束。
|
||
在腋窝中部行于腋动脉的内侧。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_cord/SM_medial_cord_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛后束" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛后束，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior cord (C05-T01),L" tip="臂丛后束：由臂丛上、中、下3干后股合成的神经束，在腋窝中部，向外行于腋动脉后方。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_cord/SM_posterior_cord_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂丛根" englishName=" brachial plexus root,L" tip="分支：形成上、中、下干，支配上肢运动及感觉。
|
||
临床意义：根性损伤(如颈椎病)导致上肢放射性疼痛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第一胸神经部分前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/第一胸神经部分前支，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Contribution,L" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_anterior_branch_of_part_of_first_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05前支" englishName="C05 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C05前支，左.mp3" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_anterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05前根" englishName="C05 Ventral root,L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05后根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C05后根，左.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal root,L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C05脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal root ganglion,L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C06前支，左.mp3" englishName="C06 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_anterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C06前根，左.mp3" englishName="C06 Ventral root,L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06后根" englishName="C06 Dorsal root,L" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C06后根，左.mp3" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C06脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal root ganglion,L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C07前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C07前支，左.mp3" englishName="C07 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_anterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C07前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C07前根，左.mp3" englishName="C07 Ventral root,L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C07后根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C07后根，左.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal root,L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C07脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C07脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal root ganglion,L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C08前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C08前支，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_anterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C08前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C08前根，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Ventral root,L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C08后根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C08后根，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal root,L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C08脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C08脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal root ganglion,L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂丛股" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_share">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛前股" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛前股，左.mp3" englishName=" Anterior divisions ,L" tip="臂丛股：臂丛的上、中、下干纤维均又分为两支，偏前方者称为前股，偏后方者称后股。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_share/SM_anterior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛后股" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛后股，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior division ,L" tip="臂丛股：臂丛的上、中、下干纤维均又分为两支，偏前方者称为前股，偏后方者称后股。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_share/SM_posterior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左臂丛干" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_trunk">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛下干" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛下干，左.mp3" englishName="Lower trunk (C08,T01),L" tip="下干：由第八颈神经前支与第一胸神经前支的部分纤维在斜角肌后方合成的臂丛神经干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_trunk/SM_inferior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛中干" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛中干，左.mp3" englishName="Middle trunk (C07),L" tip="中干：由第七颈神经前支构成的臂丛神经干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_trunk/SM_middle_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛上干" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/臂丛上干，左.mp3" englishName="Upper trunk (C05,C06),L" tip="上干：多由第五、六颈神经前支合成的臂丛神经干。
|
||
位于中斜角肌外缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_brachial_plexus_trunk/SM_superior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧锁骨上分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_Left_supraclavicular_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛背神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/肩胛背神经，左.mp3" englishName="Dorsal scapular,L" tip="肩胛背神经：主要发自第五颈神经前支，发出后，穿中斜角肌向后越过肩胛提肌，在肩胛骨内侧缘和脊柱之间下行，分布至菱形肌和肩胛提肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_Left_supraclavicular_branch/SM_Dorsal_scapular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸长神经" englishName="Long thoracic (C05-C07),L" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/胸长神经，左.mp3" tip="胸长神经：(C5-C7)在臂丛主要结构的后方斜向外下行至前锯肌表面，分布于该肌和乳房外侧份。
|
||
此神经的损伤可致前锯肌瘫痪，出现以肩胛骨内侧缘翘起为特征的“翼状肩”体征。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_Left_supraclavicular_branch/SM_Long_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下肌神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/锁骨下肌神经，左.mp3" englishName="Nerve to the subclavius (C05,C06),L" tip="锁骨下肌神经：发自颈5、6神经根，支配锁骨下肌的神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_Left_supraclavicular_branch/SM_Subclavian_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛上神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/肩胛上神经，左.mp3" englishName="Suprascapular (C04-C06),L" tip="肩胛上神经：发自臂丛上干，向后进入冈上窝、冈下窝，分布于冈上肌、冈下肌和肩关节的神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_Left_supraclavicular_branch/SM_Suprascapular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧臂丛神经后支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C05后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1489/C05后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C06后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C06后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C06">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C07后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/颈神经后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C07">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C08后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/颈神经后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C08">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C05后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1489/C05后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C06后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/C06后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C06">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C07后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/" englishName="C07 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C07">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C08后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C08后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_C08">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C05后支" audio="YinPin1489/C05后支，左.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_posterior_branch_of_C05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C06后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/C06后支，左.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_posterior_branch_of_C06">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C07后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/C07后支，左.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_posterior_branch_of_C07">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧C08后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/C08后支，左.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_left_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_brachial_plexus/SM_posterior_branch_of_C08">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛神经及其分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨下分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧外侧束分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_lateral_cord">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸外侧神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/胸外侧神经，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral pectoral (C05-C07),R" tip="胸外侧神经：(C5-C7)自臂丛外侧束发出，跨过腋动、静脉的前方，穿锁胸筋膜后行于胸大肌深面，并分布至该肌。
|
||
在走行过程中，此神经尚发出一支与胸内侧神经汇合，分布于胸小肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_lateral_cord/SM_lateral_pectoral_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="正中神经外侧根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/正中神经外侧根，右.mp3" englishName="Median, lateral root,R" tip="正中神经外侧根：发自臂丛外侧束的正中神经纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_lateral_cord/SM_lateral_root_of_median_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肌皮神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/肌皮神经，右.mp3" englishName="Musculocutaneous (C05-C07),R" tip="肌皮神经：(C5-C7)发自臂丛外侧束，向外下方走行斜穿喙肱肌，后于肱二头肌与肱肌之间下行，沿途发支支配以上三肌。
|
||
在肘关节稍下方，部分纤维从肱二头肌下端外侧穿出深筋膜，分布于前臂外侧份的皮肤，称为前臂外侧皮神经。肱骨上中段骨折时可导致该神经的损伤，表现为屈肘无力以及前臂外侧部皮肤感觉的减弱。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_lateral_cord/SM_musculocutaneous_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧内侧束的分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_medial_cord">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="前臂内侧皮神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/前臂内侧皮神经，右.mp3" englishName="Medial antebrachial cutaneous (C08,T01),R" tip="前臂内侧皮神经：发自臂丛内侧束的神经。
|
||
分前、后两支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_medial_cord/SM_medial_antebrachial_cutaneous_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="臂内侧皮神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂内侧皮神经，右.mp3" englishName="Medial brachial cutaneous (T01),R" tip="臂内侧皮神经：发自臂丛内侧束，分布于臂前内侧面皮肤的神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_medial_cord/SM_medial_brachial_cutaneous_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="正中神经内侧根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/正中神经内侧根，右.mp3" englishName="Median, medial root,R" tip="正中神经内侧根：发自臂丛内侧束的正中神经纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_medial_cord/SM_medial_root_of_median_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="尺神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/尺神经，右.mp3" englishName="Ulnar (C08,T01),R" tip="尺神经：自臂丛内侧束发出后，经腋动、静脉之间出腋窝，先在肱二头肌内侧沟内肱动脉内侧下行至臂中份，继而穿内侧肌间隔至臂后区内侧继续下行入肱骨内上髁后方的尺神经沟。
|
||
在此尺神经由后向前穿过尺侧腕屈肌的起点，行至前臂前内侧份，伴随尺动脉于尺侧腕屈肌与指深屈肌之间下行至桡腕关节上方发出手背支，主干在豌豆骨桡侧，屈肌支持带浅面分为浅支和深支。这些分支在掌腱膜深面、腕横韧带浅面进入手掌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_medial_cord/SM_ulnar_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸内侧神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/胸内侧神经，右.mp3" englishName="Medial pectoral (C08,T01),R" tip="胸内侧神经：发自臂丛内侧束，常与胸外侧神经分支联合，分布于胸小肌和部分胸大肌的神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_medial_cord/XiongNeiCeShenJing_Right">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧后束的分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_posterior_cord">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="桡神经" audio="YinPin1489/桡神经，右.mp3" englishName="Radial (C05-T01),R" tip="桡神经：发自臂丛后束，始位于腋动脉的后方，与肱深动脉伴行，经肱三头肌长头和内侧头之间下行，沿桡神经沟绕肱骨中段后面旋行向外下，至肱骨外上髁稍上方穿过外侧肌间隔达肱肌与肱桡肌之间，后继续于肱桡肌与桡侧腕长伸肌之间在前臂下行。
|
||
桡神经在臂部发出较多分支，其中肌支主要分布于肱三头肌、肘肌、肱桡肌和桡侧腕长伸肌。关节支分布于肘关节。
|
||
皮支共有三支：臂后皮神经在腋窝发出后分布于臂后区的皮肤；臂外侧下皮神经在三角肌止点远侧浅出，分布于臂下外侧部的皮肤；前臂后皮神经自臂中份外侧浅出下行至前臂后面，直达腕部，沿途分支分布于前臂后面皮肤。
|
||
在肱骨外上髁前方桡神经分为浅支和深支两终末支。
|
||
桡神经浅支为皮支，自肱骨外上髁前外侧向下沿桡动脉外侧下行，在前臂中、下1/3交界处转向背侧，继续下行至手背部，分为4-5支指背神经，分布于手背桡侧半皮肤和桡侧三个半手指近节背面的皮肤。深支较浅支粗大，主要为肌支。
|
||
该支在桡骨颈外侧穿过旋后肌至前臂后面，在前臂浅、深伸肌群之间下行达腕关节背面，沿途发支分布于前臂伸肌群、桡尺远侧关节、桡腕关节和掌骨间关节。因其走行及分布的特点，深支又被称为骨间后神经。
|
||
|
||
桡神经在肱骨中段紧贴桡神经沟骨面走行，肱骨中段或中、下1/3交界处骨折容易合并桡神经的损伤，导致前臂伸肌群的瘫痪，表现为抬前臂时呈“垂腕”状，同时第1、2掌骨间背面皮肤感觉障碍明显。桡骨颈骨折时，可损伤桡神经深支，出现伸腕无力，不能伸指等症状。
|
||
自腋后襞下缘外侧端与臂相交处斜向外下连于肱骨外上髁，此连线即为桡神经在臂背侧面的投影。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_posterior_cord/SM_radial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下肩胛下神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/下肩胛下神经，右.mp3" englishName="Lower subscapular (C05-C06),R" tip="肩胛下神经：发自臂丛的后束，常分为上支和下支，分别进入肩胛下肌和大圆肌，支配该二肌的运动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_posterior_cord/SM_subscapular_nerve_inferior">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="上肩胛下神经" audio="YinPin1489/上肩胛下神经，右.mp3" englishName="Upper subscapular (C05-C06),R" tip="肩胛下神经：发自臂丛的后束，常分为上支和下支，分别进入肩胛下肌和大圆肌，支配该二肌的运动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_posterior_cord/SM_subscapular_nerve_superior">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="胸背神经" audio="YinPin1489/胸背神经，右.mp3" englishName="Thoracodorsal (C06-C08),R" tip="胸背神经：(C6-C8)自臂丛后束发出，后沿肩胛骨外侧缘伴肩胛下血管下行，分支分布于背阔肌。
|
||
乳腺癌根治术过程中清除淋巴结时，应注意勿伤及此神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_subclavian/SM_branches_of_right_posterior_cord/SM_thoracodorsal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨上分支 " tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_supraclavicular">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="肩胛背神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/肩胛背神经，右.mp3" englishName="Dorsal scapular，R" tip="肩胛背神经：主要发自第五颈神经前支，发出后，穿中斜角肌向后越过肩胛提肌，在肩胛骨内侧缘和脊柱之间下行，分布至菱形肌和肩胛提肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_supraclavicular/SM_dorsal_scapular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸长神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/胸长神经，右.mp3" englishName="Long thoracic (C05-C07),R" tip="胸长神经：(C5-C7)在臂丛主要结构的后方斜向外下行至前锯肌表面，分布于该肌和乳房外侧份。
|
||
此神经的损伤可致前锯肌瘫痪，出现以肩胛骨内侧缘翘起为特征的“翼状肩”体征。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_supraclavicular/SM_long_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="锁骨下肌神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/锁骨下肌神经，右.mp3" englishName="Nerve to the subclavius (C05,C06),R" tip="锁骨下肌神经：发自颈5、6神经根，支配锁骨下肌的神经" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_supraclavicular/SM_subclavian_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肩胛上神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/肩胛上神经，右.mp3" englishName="Suprascapular (C04-C06)，R" tip="肩胛上神经：发自臂丛上干，向后进入冈上窝、冈下窝，分布于冈上肌、冈下肌和肩关节的神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_branches_of_right_supraclavicular/SM_suprascapular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛神经后支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C05后支" audio="YinPin1489/C05后支，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal ramus，R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_C05_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C06后支" audio="YinPin1489/C06后支，右.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal ramus,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_C06_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C07后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07后支，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal ramus" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_C07_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C08后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C08后支，右.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal ramus，R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_C08_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C05后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1489/C05后支外侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_C05_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C06后支外侧支" englishName="C06 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,R" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_posterior_branch_of_cervical_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C07后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07后支外侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_C07_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧C08后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C08后支外侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="颈神经后支外侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背外侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_lateral_branch_of_C08_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧C05后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1489/C05后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal ramus,R" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_C05_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧C06后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C06后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal ramus，R" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_C06_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧C07后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal ramus,medial branch" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_C07_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧C08后支内侧支" englishName="C08 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="颈神经后支内侧支：颈神经后支的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背内侧区深层肌及皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_brachial_plexus/SM_medial_branch_of_C07_posterior_branch 1">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂丛束" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_cord">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛外侧束" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛外侧束，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral cord (C05-C07)，R" tip="臂丛外侧束：由臂丛上、中两干的前股纤维合成的神经束。
|
||
于腋窝中部行于腋动脉的外侧。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_cord/SM_lateral_cord_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛内侧束" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛内侧束，右.mp3" englishName="Medial cord (C08,T01)，R" tip="臂丛内侧束：由臂丛下干前股的纤维独自构成的神经束。
|
||
在腋窝中部行于腋动脉的内侧。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_cord/SM_medial_cord_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛后束" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛后束，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior cord (C05-T01)，R" tip="臂丛后束：由臂丛上、中、下3干后股合成的神经束，在腋窝中部，向外行于腋动脉后方。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_cord/SM_posterior_cord_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂丛根" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第一胸神经部分前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/第一胸神经部分前支，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Contribution,R" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_anterior_branch_of_part_of_first_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C05前支，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_anterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C05前根，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_anterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C05后根，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C05脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C05脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C05 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C05_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C06前支，右.mp3" englishName="C06 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_anterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C06前根，右.mp3" englishName="C06 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_anterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C06后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C06后根，右.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C06脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C06脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C06 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C06_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C07前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07前支，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_anterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C07前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07前根，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_anterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C07后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07后根，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C07脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C07脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C07 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C07_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C08前支" englishName="C08 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_anterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C08前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C08前根，右.mp3" englishName="C08 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_anterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C08后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C08后根，右.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C08脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C08脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C08 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_root/SM_C08_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂丛股" englishName="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="臂丛前股" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛前股，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior divisions,R" tip="臂丛股：臂丛的上、中、下干纤维均又分为两支，偏前方者称为前股，偏后方者称后股。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk/SM_anterior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="臂丛后股" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛后股，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior division,R" tip="臂丛股：臂丛的上、中、下干纤维均又分为两支，偏前方者称为前股，偏后方者称后股。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk/SM_posterior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右臂丛干" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk 1">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛下干" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛下干，右.mp3" englishName="Lower trunk (C08,T01),R" tip="下干：由第八颈神经前支与第一胸神经前支的部分纤维在斜角肌后方合成的臂丛神经干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk 1/SM_inferior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛中干" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛中干，右.mp3" englishName="Middle trunk (C07),R" tip="中干：由第七颈神经前支构成的臂丛神经干。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk 1/SM_middle_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧臂丛上干" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/臂丛上干，右.mp3" englishName="Upper trunk (C05,C06),R" tip="上干：多由第五、六颈神经前支合成的臂丛神经干。
|
||
位于中斜角肌外缘。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_brachial_plexus/SM_right_brachial_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_brachial_plexus_trunk 1/SM_superior_trunk_of_brachial_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈丛(神经)" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈丛及其分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈丛" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C01前支" englishName="C01 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C01">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C02前支，左.mp3" englishName="C02 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C02">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C03前支，左.mp3" englishName="C03 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C03">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04前支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04前支，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),L" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C04">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢至肩胛舌骨肌支" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_omohyoid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈袢至胸骨舌骨肌支" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_sternohyoid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢至胸骨甲状肌支" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_sternothyroid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="交通支" audio="YinPin2/交通支.mp3" englishName="Communicating branches,L" tip="定义：连接脊神经与交感干的神经纤维。
|
||
功能：传递内脏感觉及交感神经冲动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_communicating_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳大神经 " audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/耳大神经，左.mp3" englishName="Great auricular,L" tip="耳大神经：(C2、C3)沿胸锁乳突肌表面向耳垂方向上行，分布于耳廓及附近皮肤。
|
||
耳大神经由于其位置表浅，附近没有重要结构，是临床神经干移植的理想替代物。该神经由枕动脉和耳动脉的分支供血，长度约为5.5-7.4cm，直径约为2-4mm。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_great_auricular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢下根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/颈袢下根，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior root of cervical ansa,L" tip="颈袢下根：又称“颈袢后根”。
|
||
由第二、三颈神经所形成的颈神经降支组成，参与颈袢的构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_inferior_root_of_ansa_cervicalis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕小神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/枕小神经，左.mp3" englishName="Lesser occipital,L" tip="枕小神经：(C2)沿胸锁乳突肌后缘上行，分布于枕部及耳廓背面上部的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_lesser_occipital_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="膈神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/膈神经，左.mp3" englishName="Phrenic nerve,L" tip="膈神经：(C3-C5)起初从前斜角肌上端的外侧浅出下行，继而沿该肌前面下降至肌的内侧，在锁骨下动、静脉之间经胸廓上口进入胸腔。
|
||
入胸后经由肺根前方，在纵隔胸膜与心包之间下行到达膈，最后于中心腱附近穿入膈。膈神经的运动纤维支配膈肌的运动，感觉纤维分布于胸膜、心包以及膈下面的部分腹膜。
|
||
一般认为，右膈神经的感觉纤维尚分布到肝、胆囊和肝外胆道的浆膜。膈神经受到损伤后，同侧半膈肌的功能受影响，表现为腹式呼吸减弱或消失，严重者可有窒息感。
|
||
膈神经受到刺激时可发生呃逆。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_phrenic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢至肩胛舌骨肌上腹支" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_superior_belly_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_omohyoid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈袢上根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/颈袢上根，左.mp3" englishName="Superior root of cervical ansa,L" tip="颈袢上根：又称“颈袢前根”。
|
||
由第一颈神经发出的部分纤维构成，随舌下神经下行，离开舌下神经后构成舌下神经降支，参与颈袢的构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_superior_root_of_ansa_cervicalis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨上神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/锁骨上神经，左.mp3" englishName="Supraclavicular,L" tip="锁骨上神经：(C3、C4)共有2-4条分支，呈辐射状行向下方和下外侧，越过锁骨达胸前壁上份及肩部。
|
||
该神经主要分布于颈侧区下份、胸壁上部和肩部的" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_supraclavicular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈横神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/颈横神经，左.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical,L" tip="颈横神经：(C2、C3)发出后横行跨过胸锁乳突肌表面向前走行，分布于颈前部皮肤。
|
||
该神经支常与面神经分支间有交通支存在。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_cervical_plexus/SM_transverse_cervical_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左神经根及神经节" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C01前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C01前根，左.mp3" englishName="C01 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C01_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C01后根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C01后根，左.mp3" englishName="C01 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C01_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C01脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C01脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C01 Dorsal root ganglion，L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C01_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C02前根，左.mp3" englishName="C02 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C02_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02后根" englishName="C02 Dorsal root，L" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C02后根，左.mp3" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C02_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C02脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C02 Dorsal root ganglion，L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C02_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C03前根，左.mp3" englishName="C03 Ventral root,L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C03_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03后根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C03后根，左.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal root,L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C03_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C03脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal root ganglion,L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C03_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04前根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04前根，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Ventral root,L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C04_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后根" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04后根，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal root,L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C04_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal root ganglion,L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_left_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C04_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左颈神经后支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C03后支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C03后支，左.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_C03_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C04后支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04后支，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_C04_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕大神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/枕大神经，左.mp3" englishName="Greater occipital,L" tip="第2颈神经后支的皮支称为枕大神经。
|
||
该支穿斜方肌肌腱到达皮下，分布于枕、项部皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_greater_occipital_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C03后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_C03_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_C04_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03后支内侧支" englishName="C03 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_C03_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/C04后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_C04_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕下神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/枕下神经，左.mp3" englishName="Suboccipital，L" tip="第1颈神经后支又称枕下神经，该支直径粗大，在寰椎后弓上方与椎动脉下方之间穿行，支配椎枕肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_suboccipital_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第三枕神经" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/第三枕神经，左.mp3" englishName="Third (least) occipital,L" tip="第三枕神经：第三枕神经后支的内侧支。
|
||
穿斜方肌分布于枕下区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_left_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_cervical_nerve/SM_third_occipital_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈丛及其分支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右颈神经后支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C03后支" englishName="C03 Dorsal ramus,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_C03_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04后支，右.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal ramus,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_C04_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕大神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/枕大神经，右.mp3" englishName="Greater occipital,R" tip="第2颈神经后支的皮支称为枕大神经。
|
||
该支穿斜方肌肌腱到达皮下，分布于枕、项部皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_greater_occipital_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C03后支外侧支.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_C03_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04后支外侧支.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_C04_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C03后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_C03_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="颈神经后支：颈神经出椎间孔向后的分支。
|
||
主要分布于项背部深层肌及该区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_C04_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕下神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/枕下神经，右.mp3" englishName="Suboccipital,R" tip="第1颈神经后支又称枕下神经，该支直径粗大，在寰椎后弓上方与椎动脉下方之间穿行，支配椎枕肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_suboccipital_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第三枕神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/第三枕神经，右.mp3" englishName="Third (least) occipital,R" tip="第三枕神经：第三枕神经后支的内侧支。
|
||
穿斜方肌分布于枕下区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_cervical_nerve/SM_third_occipital_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈丛" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C01前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C01前支，右.mp3" englishName="C01 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C02前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C02前支，右.mp3" englishName="C02 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C03前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C03前支，右.mp3" englishName="C03 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C03">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C04前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04前支，右.mp3" englishName="C04 Spinal nerve(ventral ramus),R" tip="颈神经前支：颈神经出椎间孔向前的粗大分支。
|
||
主要分布于颈部和上肢的肌肉、皮肤及膈。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_anterior_branch_of_C04">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢-胸骨甲状肌支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈袢-胸骨甲状肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Ansa cervicalis,branch to sternothyroid,R" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis - sternothyroid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢-肩胛舌骨肌支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈袢-肩胛舌骨肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Ansa cervicalis,branch to omohyoid,R" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_omohyoid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢-胸骨舌骨肌支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈袢-胸骨舌骨肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Ansa cervicalis,branch to sternohyoid,R" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_sternohyoid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="交通支" audio="YinPin2/交通支.mp3" englishName="Communicating branches,R" tip="定义：连接脊神经与交感干的神经纤维。
|
||
功能：传递内脏感觉及交感神经冲动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_communicating_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="耳大神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/耳大神经，右.mp3" englishName="Great auricular,R" tip="耳大神经：(C2、C3)沿胸锁乳突肌表面向耳垂方向上行，分布于耳廓及附近皮肤。
|
||
耳大神经由于其位置表浅，附近没有重要结构，是临床神经干移植的理想替代物。该神经由枕动脉和耳动脉的分支供血，长度约为5.5-7.4cm，直径约为2-4mm。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_great_auricular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢下根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈袢下根，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior root of cervical ansa,R" tip="颈袢下根：又称“颈袢后根”。
|
||
由第二、三颈神经所形成的颈神经降支组成，参与颈袢的构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_inferior_root_of_ansa_cervicalis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="枕小神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/枕小神经，右.mp3" englishName="Lesser occipital,R" tip="枕小神经：(C2)沿胸锁乳突肌后缘上行，分布于枕部及耳廓背面上部的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_lesser_occipital_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="膈神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/膈神经，右.mp3" englishName="Phrenic nerve,R" tip="膈神经：(C3-C5)起初从前斜角肌上端的外侧浅出下行，继而沿该肌前面下降至肌的内侧，在锁骨下动、静脉之间经胸廓上口进入胸腔。
|
||
入胸后经由肺根前方，在纵隔胸膜与心包之间下行到达膈，最后于中心腱附近穿入膈。膈神经的运动纤维支配膈肌的运动，感觉纤维分布于胸膜、心包以及膈下面的部分腹膜。
|
||
一般认为，右膈神经的感觉纤维尚分布到肝、胆囊和肝外胆道的浆膜。膈神经受到损伤后，同侧半膈肌的功能受影响，表现为腹式呼吸减弱或消失，严重者可有窒息感。
|
||
膈神经受到刺激时可发生呃逆。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_phrenic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢-肩胛舌骨肌上腹支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈袢-肩胛舌骨肌上腹支，右.mp3" englishName="Ansa cervicalis,branch to omohyoid(superior branch),R" tip="颈袢：又称“舌下神经袢”。
|
||
由来自第一颈神经的上根(舌下神经降支)与来自第二、第三颈神经的下根(颈神经降支)在环状软骨水平结合而成的神经袢。该袢发出分支分布于舌骨下肌群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_superior_belly_branch_of_ansa_cervicalis_omohyoid_muscle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈袢上根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈袢上根，右.mp3" englishName="Superior root of cervical ansa,R" tip="颈袢上根：又称“颈袢前根”。
|
||
由第一颈神经发出的部分纤维构成，随舌下神经下行，离开舌下神经后构成舌下神经降支，参与颈袢的构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_superior_root_of_ansa_cervicalis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="锁骨上神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/锁骨上神经，右.mp3" englishName="Supraclavicular,R" tip="锁骨上神经：(C3、C4)共有2-4条分支，呈辐射状行向下方和下外侧，越过锁骨达胸前壁上份及肩部。
|
||
该神经主要分布于颈侧区下份、胸壁上部和肩部的" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_supraclavicular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="颈横神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈横神经，右.mp3" englishName="Transverse cervical,R" tip="颈横神经：(C2、C3)发出后横行跨过胸锁乳突肌表面向前走行，分布于颈前部皮肤。
|
||
该神经支常与面神经分支间有交通支存在。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_cervical_plexus/SM_transverse_cervical_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右神经根及神经节" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="C01前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C01前根，右.mp3" englishName="C01 Ventral root，R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C01_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C01后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C01后根，右.mp3" englishName="C01 Dorsal root，R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C01_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C01脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C01脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C01 Dorsal root ganglion，R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C01_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C02前根，右.mp3" englishName="C02 Ventral root，R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C02_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C02后根，右.mp3" englishName="C02 Dorsal root，R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C02_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C02脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C02脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C02 Dorsal root ganglion，R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C02_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C03前根，右.mp3" englishName="C03 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C03_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03后根 " audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C03后根，右.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C03_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C03脊神经节 " audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C03脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C03 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C03_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name=" C04前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04前根，右.mp3" englishName="C04 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C04_anterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04后根 " audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04后根，右.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C04_posterior_root">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="C04脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/C04脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="C04 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cervical_plexus/SM_right_cervical_plexus_and_its_branches/SM_right_spinal_roots_and_ganglia/SM_C04_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="脑神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧脑神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧展神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/展神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 06 Abducent nerve,L" tip="展神经：属运动性神经，由一般躯体运动纤维组成，起于脑桥的展神经核，自延髓脑桥沟中线两侧出脑，前行至颞骨岩部尖端，穿入海绵窦，在窦内沿颈内动脉外下方前行，经眶上裂入眶，支配外直肌。
|
||
展神经损伤可引起外直肌瘫痪，产生内斜视" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_abducent_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧副神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧副神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/副神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 11 Accessory，L" tip="副神经是运动性脑神经，由特殊内脏运动纤维构成，有颅根和脊髓根两部分。
|
||
颅根起自延髓疑核，为特殊内脏运动纤维，自橄榄后沟下部、迷走神经根丝下方出脑，与副神经的脊髓根同行，一起经颈静脉孔出颅，此后加入迷走神经内，随其分支支配咽喉部肌。脊髓根也是特殊内脏运动纤维，起自颈部脊髓节段的副神经核，自脊髓前、后根之间出脊髓，在椎管内上行，经枕骨大孔入颅腔，与颅根合成副神经一起经颈静脉孔出颅，此后，绕颈内静脉行向外下，经胸锁乳突肌深面分出一支入该肌后，终支在胸锁乳突肌后缘上、中1/3交点处浅出继续向外下后斜行，于斜方肌前缘中、下1/3交点处，进入该肌深面，分支支配此两肌。
|
||
|
||
副神经脊髓根损伤时，由于胸锁乳突肌瘫痪使头不能向患侧侧屈，也不能使面部转向对侧。由于斜方肌瘫痪，息侧肩胛骨下垂。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_accessory_nerve/SM_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧副神经颅根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/副神经颅根，左.mp3" englishName="CN 11 Cranial root，L" tip="副神经颅根：又称“副神经脑根”、“副神经迷走部”。
|
||
由起自疑核的运动纤维组成。较细小。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_accessory_nerve/SM_cranial_root_of_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧副神经脊髓根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/副神经脊髓根，左.mp3" englishName="CN 11 Spinal portion，L" tip="副神经脊髓根：又称“副神经脊髓部”。
|
||
由起自上位颈髓前角副神经核的运动纤维组成。较粗大" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_accessory_nerve/SM_spinal_root_of_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧面神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="面神经颊支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/面神经颊支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Buccal branches,L" tip="面神经颊支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺前缘穿出，分布至颊肌、口轮匝肌及其他口周围肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_buccal_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经颈支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/面神经颈支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Cervical,L" tip="面神经颈支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺下端穿出，支配颈阔肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_cervical_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="岩深神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/岩深神经，左.mp3" englishName="Deep petrosal,L" tip="岩深神经：来自颈内动脉周围交感神经丛的神经束。
|
||
经破裂孔与岩大神经汇合为翼管神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_deep_petrosal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/面神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Facial,L" tip="面神经：为混合性神经，含有四种纤维成分：①特殊内脏运动纤维起于脑桥的面神经核，主要支配面肌的运动。
|
||
②一般内脏运动纤维起于脑桥的上泌涎核，属副交感神经节前纤维，在翼腭神经节、下颌下神经节换神经元后的节后纤维分布于泪腺、下颌下腺、舌下腺及鼻、腭的黏膜腺，控制其分泌。③特殊内脏感觉纤维，即味觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于面神经管内的膝神经节，周围突分布于舌前2/3黏膜的味蕾，中枢突入脑终止于脑干内孤束核上部。
|
||
④一般躯体感觉纤维传导耳部皮肤的躯体感觉和面部肌的本体感觉。
|
||
面神经由较大的运动根和较小的混合根，也称中间神经两个根组成，运动根由特殊内脏运动纤维组成，中间神经属混合神经，由一般内脏运动和特殊内脏感觉纤维组成，两个根自脑桥小脑三角，延髓脑桥沟外侧部出脑，两根进入内耳门合成一干，穿内耳道底进入与鼓室相邻的面神经管，先水平走行，再垂直下行由茎乳孔出颅，向前穿过腮腺到达面部。
|
||
在面神经管的起始部有膨大的膝神经节" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="膝神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/膝神经节，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Geniculate ganglion,L" tip="膝神经节：面神经在面神经管转折处的膨大部分。
|
||
主要由假单极神经元组成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_geniculate_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="岩大神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/岩大神经，左.mp3" englishName="Greater (superficial) pertrosal,L" tip="岩大神经：面神经的第一个分支。
|
||
从膝神经节处发出，内含副交感节前纤维和来自腭、鼻黏膜的内脏感觉纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_greater_petrosal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经下颌缘支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/面神经下颌缘支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Marginal mandibular branch,L" tip="面神经下颌缘支：面神经的分支。
|
||
从腮腺下端穿出，支配下唇诸肌及颏肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_marginal_mandibular_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="翼管神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/翼管神经，左.mp3" englishName="Nerve of pterygoid canal,L" tip="翼管神经：由岩大神经和岩深神经汇合而成的神经。
|
||
穿经翼管至翼腭窝，进入翼腭神经节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_nerve_of_pterygoid_canal">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳后神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/耳后神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Posterior auricular，L" tip="耳后神经：面神经出茎乳孔后的分支。
|
||
主要分支包括支配枕肌的枕支和支配耳后肌、耳上肌的耳支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_posterior_auricular_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈内动脉交感神经丛" audio="YinPin2/颈内动脉交感神经丛.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid plexus,L" tip="组成：围绕颈内动脉的交感神经纤维。
|
||
功能：支配瞳孔开大肌、头面部汗腺及血管。
|
||
临床意义：损伤导致霍纳综合征(瞳孔缩小、眼睑下垂)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_sympathetic_plexus_of_internal_carotid_artery">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经颞支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/面神经颞支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Temporal,L" tip="面神经颞支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺上缘穿出，支配额肌和眼轮匝肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_temporal_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经颧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/面神经颧支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Zygomatic,L" tip="面神经颧支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺前缘穿出，支配眼轮匝肌和颧肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_facial_nerve/SM_zygomatic_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌咽神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌咽神经颈动脉窦支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/舌咽神经颈动脉窦支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Carotid sinus branch，L" tip="舌咽神经颈动脉窦支：由舌咽神经在颈静脉孔下方发出的分支。
|
||
分部于颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_carotid_sinus_branch_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌咽神经" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Glossopharyngeal，L" tip="舌咽神经为混合性脑神经。
|
||
含有5种纤维成分：①特殊内脏运动纤维，起于疑核，支配茎突咽肌；②一般内脏运动纤维，属副交感神经节前纤维，起于泌涎核，在耳神经节内交换神经元后，节后纤维支配腮腺分泌。③一般内脏感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于颈静脉孔处的下神经节，周围突分布于咽、舌后1/3、咽鼓管和鼓室等处黏膜，以及颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球。
|
||
中枢突终于孤束核下部，传导一般内脏感觉。④特殊内脏感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于颈静脉孔处的下神经节，周围突分布于舌后1/3的味蕾，中枢突终止于孤束核上部，传导味觉。
|
||
⑤一般躯体感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于上神经节，周围突分布于耳后皮肤，中枢突入脑后止于三叉神经脊束核。
|
||
舌咽神经的根丝，在橄榄后沟上部连于延髓，与迷走神经、副神经同穿颈静脉孔前部出入颅腔，在孔内神经干上有膨大的上神经节，出孔时形成稍大的下神经节。
|
||
舌咽神经出颅后先在颈内动、静脉间下降，继而弓形向前，经舌骨舌肌内侧达舌根" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌咽神经(咽支、扁桃体支、舌支)" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经（咽支,扁桃体支,舌支），左.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Glossopharyngeal:Pharyngeal" tip="舌支：为舌咽神经终支，经舌骨舌肌深面分布于舌后1/3黏膜和味蕾，传导一般内脏感觉和味觉。
|
||
咽支:为3-4条细支，与迷走神经和交感神经的咽支在咽后侧壁交织成丛，由丛发出分支分布于咽壁各层，接受咽壁的感觉传入，与咽反射直接有关。 扁桃体支：由舌咽神经在舌骨舌肌的深面发出的分支。
|
||
分布于腭扁桃体、软腭及咽峡部的黏膜" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_glossopharyngeal_nerve_(pharyngeal_branch, tonsillar_branch, lingual_branch)">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌咽神经下神经节" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经下神经节，左.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Inferior ganglion,L" tip="舌咽神经下神经节：又称“岩神经节”。
|
||
舌咽神经位于颈静脉孔下方的彭大部。呈卵圆形，内含假单极神经元，周围突分布于舌后1/3黏膜、咽、咽鼓管、鼓室的黏膜及颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球，中枢突终止于孤束核" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌咽神经上神经节" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经上神经节，左.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Superior ganglion,L" tip="舌咽神经上神经节：舌咽神经位于颈静脉孔稍上方的彭大部。
|
||
呈卵圆形，含假单极神经元，其周围突分布于耳后皮肤，中枢突终止于三叉神经脊束核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌下神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌下神经舌外肌支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/舌下神经舌外肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Branches to the extrinsic muscles of the tongue,L" tip="舌下神经舌支：舌下神经的终支。
|
||
分布于茎突舌肌、舌骨舌肌、颏舌肌以及全部舌内肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_hypoglossal_nerve/SM_extrinsic_muscle_branch_of_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌下神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/舌下神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 12 Hypoglossal,L" tip="舌下神经舌支：舌下神经的终支。
|
||
分布于茎突舌肌、舌骨舌肌、颏舌肌以及全部舌内肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_hypoglossal_nerve/SM_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌下神经舌内肌支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/舌下神经舌内肌支，左.mp3" englishName="Branches to the intrinsic muscles of the tongue,L" tip="舌下神经舌支：舌下神经的终支。
|
||
分布于茎突舌肌、舌骨舌肌、颏舌肌以及全部舌内肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_hypoglossal_nerve/SM_intrinsic_muscle_branch_of_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧嗅神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_olfactory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧外侧嗅纹" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/外侧嗅纹，左.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, lateral stria，L" tip="外侧嗅纹：嗅三角向后外分出，延续至岛阈的一条纤维束。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_olfactory_nerve/SM_lateral_olfactory_stria">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧内侧嗅纹" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/内侧嗅纹，左.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, medial stria,L" tip="内侧嗅纹：嗅三角向后内分出的一条纤维束。
|
||
于接近终板旁回时逐渐消失。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_olfactory_nerve/SM_medial_olfactory_stria">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧嗅球" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/嗅球，左.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, olfactory bulb,L" tip="嗅球：位于嗅沟前端，颅前窝的筛板上，与嗅神经相连的扁平椭圆体" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_olfactory_nerve/SM_olfactory_bulb">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧嗅丝" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/嗅丝，左.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, olfactory fibers,L" tip="嗅神经：由特殊内脏感觉纤维构成，由上鼻甲和鼻中隔上部黏膜内的嗅细胞中枢突聚集而成20多条嗅丝，穿筛孔入颅前窝连于嗅球传导嗅觉。
|
||
颅前窝骨折累及筛板时，可撕脱嗅丝和脑膜，造成嗅觉障碍，甚至脑脊液鼻漏。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_olfactory_nerve/SM_olfactory_filament">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧嗅束" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/嗅束，左.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, olfactory tract,L" tip="嗅束：由嗅球发出，呈扁条状向后行于嗅沟内的纤维束" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_olfactory_nerve/SM_olfactory_tract">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧三叉神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧耳颞神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/耳颞神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Auriculotemporal branch，L" tip="耳颞神经：起自下颌神经后干，向后以两根包绕脑膜中动脉的神经。
|
||
在其后方合为一支，穿过腮腺，分布于耳颞部皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve/SM_auriculotemporal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颊神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/颊神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Buccal，L" tip="颊神经：由下颌神经前干发出的神经。
|
||
分布于颊部皮肤和颊黏膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve/SM_buccal_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下牙槽神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/下牙槽神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Inferior alveolar,L" tip="下牙槽神经：为混合性神经，在舌神经后方与其并列下行，经下颌孔入下颌管，在管内分支组成下牙丛，分支分布于下颌牙及牙龈，其终支自颏孔穿出，称颏神经，分布颏部及下唇的皮肤和黏膜。
|
||
下牙槽神经中的运动纤维支配下颌舌骨肌及二腹肌前腹。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve/SM_inferior_alveolar_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧舌神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/舌神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Lingual，L" tip="舌神经：在下颌支内侧下降，沿舌骨舌肌外侧弓形向前，越过下颌下腺上方，向前内行达口腔黏膜深面，分布于口腔底及舌前2/3黏膜，传导—般感觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve/SM_lingual_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧下颌神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/下颌神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Mandibular,L" tip="下颌神经：是三叉神经三大分支中最粗大的一支，为混合性神经，含一般躯体感觉纤维和特殊内脏运动纤维。
|
||
自卵圆孔出颅后，在翼外肌深面分为前、后两干，前干细小，发出肌支分布于咀嚼肌、鼓膜张肌和腭帆张肌，还发出一支颊神经。后干粗大，分支分布于硬脑膜、下颌牙及牙龈、舌前2/3及口腔底的黏膜、耳颞区和口裂以下的皮肤，并支配下颌舌骨肌和二腹肌前腹。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve/SM_mandibular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颏神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/颏神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Mental,L" tip="颏神经：下牙槽神经的终支。
|
||
自下颌骨颏孔穿出。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_mandibular_nerve/SM_mental_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上颌神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上牙槽前支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/上牙槽前支，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior superior alveolar，L" tip="上牙槽前支：眶下神经的分支。
|
||
发出许多细支加入上牙丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_anterior_superior_alveolar_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上颌神经神经节支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/上颌神经神经节支，左.mp3" englishName="Ganglionic branches，L" tip="上颌神经神经节支：又称“翼腭神经”。
|
||
由上颌神经分出后进入翼腭神经节的部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_ganglionic_branch_of_maxillary_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭大神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/腭大神经，左.mp3" englishName="Greater palatine nerve，L" tip="腭大神经：翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
分布于上牙槽内侧区的牙龈及硬腭的黏膜，其分支鼻后下支分布于鼻腔外侧壁的后下部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_greater_palantine_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧眶下神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/眶下神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Infraorbital,L" tip="眶下神经：上颌神经主干的终末支，经眶下裂入眶，经眶下沟、眶下管出眶下孔分数支，分布于下睑、鼻翼、上唇的皮肤和黏膜。
|
||
临床作上颌部手术时常经眶下孔进行麻醉。眶下神经于眶下管内分出上牙槽神经前、中支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_infraorbital_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧腭小神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/腭小神经，左.mp3" englishName="Lesser palatine，L" tip="腭小神经：翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
分布于软腭及鼻腔黏膜，其分支(扁桃体支)分布于扁桃体" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_lesser_palantine_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧上颌神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/上颌神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Maxillary,L" tip="上颌神经：仅含躯体感觉纤维，自三叉神经节发出后前行，穿海绵窦外侧壁，经圆孔出颅，进入翼腭窝上部、经眶下裂入眶，延续为眶下神经。
|
||
主要分布于上颌牙和牙龈、口腔顶和鼻腔及上颌窦黏膜、部分硬脑膜及睑裂与口裂之间的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_maxillary_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧鼻腭神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/鼻腭神经，左.mp3" englishName="Nasopalatine,L" tip="鼻腭神经：翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
分布于鼻中隔、腭、咽和上颌窦黏膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_nasofacial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼腭神经节眶支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/翼腭神经节眶支，左.mp3" englishName="Orbital branches,L" tip="翼腭神经节眶支：神经节支穿过翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶，分布于眶骨膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_orbital_branch_of_pterygopalatine_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧咽神经" audio="YinPin2/咽神经.mp3" englishName="Pharyngeal" tip="来源：迷走神经(CN X)与舌咽神经(CN IX)。
|
||
功能：支配咽部肌肉及黏膜感觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_pharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧上牙槽后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/上牙槽后支，左.mp3" englishName="Posterior superior alveolar，L" tip="上牙槽后支：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
自翼腭窝发出，分布于上牙槽后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_posterior_superior_alveolar_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧翼腭神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/翼腭神经节，左.mp3" englishName="Pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) ganglion,L" tip="翼腭神经节:又称“蝶腭神经节”。
|
||
位于翼腭窝上部，上颌神经下方的一扁平不规则的副交感神经节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_pterygopalatine_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颧神经" englishName="Zygomatic nerve，L" tip="颧神经：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶后沿眶外侧壁前行，其分支颧颞支分布于颞区前部及泪腺(通过泪腺神经)；颧面支分布于颊部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_zygomatic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颧面支" audio="YinPin2/颧面神经支.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticofacial,L" tip="颧神经：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶后沿眶外侧壁前行，其分支颧颞支分布于颞区前部及泪腺（通过泪腺神经）；颧面支分布于颊部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_zygomaticofacial_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颧颞支" audio="YinPin2/颧颞神经支.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticotemporal，L" tip="颧神经：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶后沿眶外侧壁前行，其分支颧颞支分布于颞区前部及泪腺（通过泪腺神经）；颧面支分布于颊部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_maxillary_nerve/SM_zygomaticotemporal_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼神经额支" audio="YinPin2/视神经额支.mp3" englishName=" frontal branch optic nerve" tip="功能：额支支配额部；鼻睫支支配鼻背及内眦。
|
||
临床意义：青光眼可致鼻睫神经痛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_optic_nerve/SM_frontal_branch_of_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼神经鼻睫支" audio="YinPin2/视神经鼻睫支.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Ophthalmic, nasociliary branch" tip="眼神经鼻睫支：眼神经的分支。
|
||
分布于睫状体、虹膜、角膜、筛窦、鼻黏膜等处。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_optic_nerve/SM_nasociliary_branch_of_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧眼神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/眼神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 02 Optic nerve,L" tip="视神经：由特殊躯体感觉纤维组成，传导视觉冲动。
|
||
视网膜节细胞的轴突在视神经盘处聚集，穿过巩膜筛板后形成视神经。视神经在眶内长2.5-3cm，行向后内，穿经视神经管入颅中窝，颅内段长约1-1.2cm，向后内走行至垂体前方连于视交叉，再经视束连于间脑。
|
||
由于视神经是胚胎发生时，间脑向外突出形成视器的一部分，故视神经外面包有三层由脑膜延续而来的被膜，脑的蛛网膜下隙也随之延伸至视神经周围。因此当颅内压增高时，常出现视神经盘水肿" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_left_optic_nerve/SM_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧三叉神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/三叉神经节，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Trigeminal ganglion,L" tip="三叉神经节：又称“半月神经节”。
|
||
位于颅中窝颞骨岩部尖端前面的三叉神经压迹处，为最大的脑神经节。由假单极神经元的胞体组成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_trigeminal_ganglion_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧三叉神经根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/三叉神经根，左.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Trigeminal root,L" tip="三叉神经为混合性脑神经，含一般躯体感觉和特殊内脏运动两种纤维。
|
||
特殊内脏运动纤维起于脑桥三叉神经运动核，组成三叉神经运动根，由脑桥基底部与小脑中脚交界处出脑，位于感觉根下内侧，纤维并入下颌神经，经卵圆孔出颅，随下颌神，经分支分布于咀嚼肌等。运动根内尚含有来自三叉神经中脑核的纤维，主要传导咀嚼肌和眼外肌的本体感觉。
|
||
|
||
三叉神经内躯体感觉神经纤维的胞体位于三叉神绎节内，该节位于颅中窝颞骨岩部尖端前面的三叉神经压迹，为硬脑膜形成的美克尔腔包裹。三叉神经节由假单极神经元胞体组成，其中枢突集中成粗大的三叉神经感觉根。
|
||
由脑桥基底部与小脑中脚交界处入脑，传导头面部痛温觉的纤维主要终止于三叉神经脊束核；传导触觉的纤维主要终止于三叉神经脑桥核；其周围突组成三叉神经三大分支，即眼神经、上颌神经、下颌神经。分布于面部皮肤、眼及眶内、口腔、鼻腔、鼻旁窦的黏膜、牙齿、脑膜等，传导痛、温、触等浅感觉" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_trigeminal_nerve/SM_trigeminal_root_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经颈下心支" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经颈下心支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Inferior cervical (vagal) cardiac branch,L" tip="迷走神经颈下心支：迷走神经和喉返神经的分支。
|
||
加入心深丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_inferior_cervical_cardiac_branch_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经下神经节" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经下神经节，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Inferior ganglion,L" tip="迷走神经下神经节：又称“结状神经节(nodose ganglion)”。
|
||
为迷走神经在第一、二颈椎横突前方的膨大部。内含假单极神经元，周围突分布于颈、胸、腹部的器官，中枢突终止于孤束核尾部" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_inferior_ganglion_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经咽支" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经咽支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Pharyngeal branch,L" tip="迷走神经咽支：由迷走神经的下神经节发出的至咽的分支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧喉返神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/喉返神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Vagus:Recurrent laryngeal，L" tip="喉返神经：左、右喉返神经均由迷走神经干发出再返回颈部，但两者的行程有所不同。
|
||
右喉返神经在右迷走神经干跨越右锁骨下动脉前方处发出，向下后方勾绕右锁骨下动脉上行，返回颈部。左喉返神经在左迷走神经干跨过主动脉弓前方时发出，勾绕主动脉弓下后方上行，返回颈部。
|
||
在颈部左、右喉返神经均走行于气管与食管之间的沟内，至甲状腺侧叶深面、环甲关节后方进入喉内，终支称喉下神经,分数分支分布于喉。其特殊内脏运动纤维支配除环甲肌以外的所有喉肌，一般内脏感觉纤维分布于声门裂以下的喉黏膜。
|
||
喉返神经在行程中还发出心支、气管支和食管支，分别参加心丛、肺丛和食管丛。
|
||
在甲状腺手术中，钳夹或结扎甲状腺下动脉时，应避免损伤喉返神经。
|
||
若两侧喉返神经同时受损，可引起失音、呼吸困难，甚至窒息。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_recurrent_laryngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经颈上心支" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经颈上心支，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Superior cervical (vagal) cardiac branch，L" tip="迷走神经颈上心支：由迷走神经发出的分支。
|
||
有上、下两支，分别加入心深丛和心浅丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_superior_cervical_cardiac_branch_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经上神经节" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经上神经节，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Superior ganglion,L" tip="迷走神经上神经节：又称“颈静脉神经节(jugular ganglion)”。
|
||
迷走神经在颈静脉孔内的膨大部。内含假单极神经元，周围突分布于硬脑膜、外耳道和耳郭后面的皮肤，中枢突终止于三叉神经脊束核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_superior_ganglion_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧喉上神经" audio="YinPin1489/喉上神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Superior laryngeal nerve,L" tip="喉上神经：发自迷走神经下神经节的神经。
|
||
于舌骨大角处分为内、外两支：外支亦称喉外神经，大部分纤维分布至环甲肌；内支亦称喉内神经，为感觉支，分布于舌根、会厌、咽部以及声门裂以上的喉黏膜，传导一般内脏感觉和味觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_superior_laryngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧迷走神经" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Vagus，L" tip="迷走神经为混合性脑神经，是行程最长、分布范围最广的脑神经。
|
||
含有四种纤维成分：①一般内脏运动纤维，属副交感神经带前纤维，起于延髓的迷走神经背核，于颈、胸、腹部器官的器官旁或器官壁内的副交感神经节交换神经元，其节后纤维控制平滑肌、心肌和腺体的活动②特殊内脏运动纤维，起于延髓的疑核，支配咽喉部肌；③一般内脏感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于颈静脉下方的迷走神经下神经节(结状神经节)内，中枢突止于孤束核，周围突分布于颈部和胸、腹腔内的脏器，传导一般内脏感觉冲动④一般躯体感觉纤维，其感觉神经元胞体位于迷走神经的上神经节内，中枢突入脑后止于三叉神经脊束核，周围突分布于硬脑膜、耳廓后方皮肤及外耳道皮肤，传导一般感觉。
|
||
迷走神经根丝自橄榄后沟的中部出入脑，经颈静脉孔出颅，在此处有膨大的迷走神经上、下神经节。
|
||
迷走神经干在颈部下行于颈动脉鞘内，位于颈内静脉与颈内动脉或颈总动脉之间的后方至颈根部，经胸廓上口入胸腔。左、右迷走神经在胸腔内的行程略有不同。
|
||
左迷走神经在左颈总动脉与左锁骨下动脉之间下行，越过主动脉弓前方，经左肺根后方下行至食管前面下行并分成许多细支，构成左肺丛和食管前丛，于食管下段延续为迷走神经前干。右迷走神经经右锁骨下动、静脉之间下行，沿气管右侧，经右肺根后方达食管后面，分支构成右肺丛和食管后丛，继续下行又集中构成迷走神经后干。
|
||
迷走神经前、后干伴食管一起穿膈肌食管裂孔进入腹腔，分布于胃前、后壁，其终支参加主要由内脏运动神经构成的腹腔丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_left_vagus_nerve/SM_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧动眼神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/动眼神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 03 Oculomotor nerve,L" tip="为运动性脑神经，含有一般躯体运动和一般内脏运动两种纤维。
|
||
一般躯体运动纤维起于中脑动眼神经核，一般内脏运动纤维起于中脑的动眼神经副核(E-W核)。动眼神经自中脑腹侧脚间窝出脑，紧贴小脑幕切迹缘和后床突侧面前行进于海绵窦外侧壁上部，经眶上裂入眶，分成上、下两支。
|
||
上支细小，支配上睑提肌和上直肌；下支粗大，支配下直肌、内直肌和下斜肌。
|
||
动眼神经中的内脏运动纤维(副交感)由下斜肌支单独以小支分出，称睫状神经节短根，进入睫状神经节交换神经元，节后纤维进入眼球，支配睫状肌和瞳孔括约肌，参与瞳孔对光反射和调节反射" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_oculomotor_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧视神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/视神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 02 Optic nerve，L" tip="视神经：由特殊躯体感觉纤维组成，传导视觉冲动。
|
||
视网膜节细胞的轴突在视神经盘处聚集，穿过巩膜筛板后形成视神经。视神经在眶内长2.5-3cm，行向后内，穿经视神经管入颅中窝，颅内段长约1-1.2cm，向后内走行至垂体前方连于视交叉，再经视束连于间脑。
|
||
由于视神经是胚胎发生时，间脑向外突出形成视器的一部分，故视神经外面包有三层由脑膜延续而来的被膜，脑的蛛网膜下隙也随之延伸至视神经周围。因此当颅内压增高时，常出现视神经盘水肿" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧滑车神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/滑车神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 04 Trochlear nerve，L" tip="滑车神经：为运动性脑神经，起于中脑下丘平面对侧的滑车神经核，自中脑下丘下方出脑，绕过大脑脚外侧前行，穿经海绵窦外侧壁向前，经眶上裂入眶，越过上直肌和上睑提肌向前内侧行，支配上斜肌" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_trochlear_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧前庭蜗神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/前庭蜗神经，左.mp3" englishName="CN 08 Vestibulocochlear nerve,L" tip="前庭蜗神经(又称位听神经)是特殊感觉性脑神经。
|
||
由传导平衡觉的前庭神经和传导听觉的蜗神经两部分组成。 前庭神经传导平衡觉。
|
||
位于内耳道底的前庭神经节，由双极感觉神经元组成，其周围突穿内耳道底，分布于内耳球囊斑、椭圆囊斑和壶腹嵴中的毛细胞，中枢突组成前庭神经，经内耳门入颅，在脑桥小脑三角处，经延髓脑桥沟外侧部入脑，终止于前庭神经核群和小脑等部。
|
||
蜗神经传导听觉。
|
||
位于耳蜗的蜗轴内的蜗神经节(或称螺旋神经节)，也由双极感觉神经元组成，其周围突分布于内耳螺旋器(或称Corti器)的毛细胞，中枢突形成蜗神经，经内耳门入颅；伴前庭神经入脑，终止于蜗神经蜗腹侧、背侧核。前庭蜗神经损伤后表现为伤侧耳聋和平衡功能障碍；并伴有恶心、呕吐等症状。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_left_cerebral_nerve/SM_vestibulocochlear_nerve_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧脑神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧展神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/展神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 06 Abducent nerve,R" tip="展神经：属运动性神经，由一般躯体运动纤维组成，起于脑桥的展神经核，自延髓脑桥沟中线两侧出脑，前行至颞骨岩部尖端，穿入海绵窦，在窦内沿颈内动脉外下方前行，经眶上裂入眶，支配外直肌。
|
||
展神经损伤可引起外直肌瘫痪，产生内斜视" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_abducens_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧动眼神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/动眼神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 03 Oculomotor nerve，R" tip="为运动性脑神经，含有一般躯体运动和一般内脏运动两种纤维。
|
||
一般躯体运动纤维起于中脑动眼神经核，一般内脏运动纤维起于中脑的动眼神经副核(E-W核)。动眼神经自中脑腹侧脚间窝出脑，紧贴小脑幕切迹缘和后床突侧面前行进于海绵窦外侧壁上部，经眶上裂入眶，分成上、下两支。
|
||
上支细小，支配上睑提肌和上直肌；下支粗大，支配下直肌、内直肌和下斜肌。
|
||
动眼神经中的内脏运动纤维(副交感)由下斜肌支单独以小支分出，称睫状神经节短根，进入睫状神经节交换神经元，节后纤维进入眼球，支配睫状肌和瞳孔括约肌，参与瞳孔对光反射和调节反射" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_oculomotor_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧视神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/视神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 02 Optic nerve,R" tip="视神经：由特殊躯体感觉纤维组成，传导视觉冲动。
|
||
视网膜节细胞的轴突在视神经盘处聚集，穿过巩膜筛板后形成视神经。视神经在眶内长2.5-3cm，行向后内，穿经视神经管入颅中窝，颅内段长约1-1.2cm，向后内走行至垂体前方连于视交叉，再经视束连于间脑。
|
||
由于视神经是胚胎发生时，间脑向外突出形成视器的一部分，故视神经外面包有三层由脑膜延续而来的被膜，脑的蛛网膜下隙也随之延伸至视神经周围。因此当颅内压增高时，常出现视神经盘水肿" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧副神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧副神经" audio="YinPin1489/副神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 11 Accessory，R" tip="副神经是运动性脑神经，由特殊内脏运动纤维构成，有颅根和脊髓根两部分。
|
||
颅根起自延髓疑核，为特殊内脏运动纤维，自橄榄后沟下部、迷走神经根丝下方出脑，与副神经的脊髓根同行，一起经颈静脉孔出颅，此后加入迷走神经内，随其分支支配咽喉部肌。脊髓根也是特殊内脏运动纤维，起自颈部脊髓节段的副神经核，自脊髓前、后根之间出脊髓，在椎管内上行，经枕骨大孔入颅腔，与颅根合成副神经一起经颈静脉孔出颅，此后，绕颈内静脉行向外下，经胸锁乳突肌深面分出一支入该肌后，终支在胸锁乳突肌后缘上、中1/3交点处浅出继续向外下后斜行，于斜方肌前缘中、下1/3交点处，进入该肌深面，分支支配此两肌。
|
||
|
||
副神经脊髓根损伤时，由于胸锁乳突肌瘫痪使头不能向患侧侧屈，也不能使面部转向对侧。由于斜方肌瘫痪，息侧肩胛骨下垂。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_accessory_nerve/SM_accessory_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧副神经颅根" audio="YinPin1489/副神经颅根，右.mp3" englishName="CN 11 Cranial root,R" tip="副神经颅根：又称“副神经脑根”、“副神经迷走部”。
|
||
由起自疑核的运动纤维组成。较细小。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_accessory_nerve/SM_cranial_root_of_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧副神经脊髓根" audio="YinPin1489/副神经脊髓根，右.mp3" englishName="CN 11 Spinal portion，R" tip="副神经脊髓根：又称“副神经脊髓部”。
|
||
由起自上位颈髓前角副神经核的运动纤维组成。较粗大" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_accessory_nerve/SM_spinal_root_of_accessory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧面神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="面神经颊支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/面神经颊支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Buccal branches，R" tip="面神经颊支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺前缘穿出，分布至颊肌、口轮匝肌及其他口周围肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_buccal_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经颈支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/面神经颈支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Cervical，R" tip="面神经颈支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺下端穿出，支配颈阔肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_cervical_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="岩深神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/岩深神经，右.mp3" englishName="Deep petrosal,R" tip="岩深神经：来自颈内动脉周围交感神经丛的神经束。
|
||
经破裂孔与岩大神经汇合为翼管神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_deep_petrosal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/面神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Facial，R" tip="面神经：为混合性神经，含有四种纤维成分：①特殊内脏运动纤维起于脑桥的面神经核，主要支配面肌的运动。
|
||
②一般内脏运动纤维起于脑桥的上泌涎核，属副交感神经节前纤维，在翼腭神经节、下颌下神经节换神经元后的节后纤维分布于泪腺、下颌下腺、舌下腺及鼻、腭的黏膜腺，控制其分泌。③特殊内脏感觉纤维，即味觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于面神经管内的膝神经节，周围突分布于舌前2/3黏膜的味蕾，中枢突入脑终止于脑干内孤束核上部。
|
||
④一般躯体感觉纤维传导耳部皮肤的躯体感觉和面部肌的本体感觉。
|
||
面神经由较大的运动根和较小的混合根，也称中间神经两个根组成，运动根由特殊内脏运动纤维组成，中间神经属混合神经，由一般内脏运动和特殊内脏感觉纤维组成，两个根自脑桥小脑三角，延髓脑桥沟外侧部出脑，两根进入内耳门合成一干，穿内耳道底进入与鼓室相邻的面神经管，先水平走行，再垂直下行由茎乳孔出颅，向前穿过腮腺到达面部。
|
||
在面神经管的起始部有膨大的膝神经节" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="膝神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/膝神经节，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Geniculate ganglion,R" tip="膝神经节：面神经在面神经管转折处的膨大部分。
|
||
主要由假单极神经元组成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_geniculate_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="岩大神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/岩大神经，右.mp3" englishName="Greater (superficial) pertrosal,R" tip="岩大神经：面神经的第一个分支。
|
||
从膝神经节处发出，内含副交感节前纤维和来自腭、鼻黏膜的内脏感觉纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_greater_petrosal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经下颌缘支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/面神经下颌缘支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Marginal mandibular branch，R" tip="面神经下颌缘支：面神经的分支。
|
||
从腮腺下端穿出，支配下唇诸肌及颏肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_marginal_mandibular_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="翼管神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/翼管神经，右.mp3" englishName="Nerve of pterygoid canal,R" tip="翼管神经：由岩大神经和岩深神经汇合而成的神经。
|
||
穿经翼管至翼腭窝，进入翼腭神经节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_nerve_of_pterygoid_canal">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="耳后神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/耳后神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Posterior auricular，R" tip="耳后神经：面神经出茎乳孔后的分支。
|
||
主要分支包括支配枕肌的枕支和支配耳后肌、耳上肌的耳支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_posterior_auricular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="颈内动脉交感神经丛" audio="YinPin2/颈内动脉交感神经丛.mp3" englishName="Internal carotid plexus，R" tip="组成：围绕颈内动脉的交感神经纤维。
|
||
功能：支配瞳孔开大肌、头面部汗腺及血管。
|
||
临床意义：损伤导致霍纳综合征(瞳孔缩小、眼睑下垂)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_sympathetic_plexus_of_internal_carotid_artery">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="面神经颞支" englishName="CN 07 Temporal，R" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/面神经颞支，右.mp3" tip="面神经颞支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺上缘穿出，支配额肌和眼轮匝肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_temporal_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="面神经颧支 " audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/面神经颧支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 07 Zygomatic，R" tip="面神经颧支：面神经的分支。
|
||
由腮腺前缘穿出，支配眼轮匝肌和颧肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_facial_nerve/SM_zygomatic_branch_of_facial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌咽神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌咽神经颈动脉窦支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/舌咽神经颈动脉窦支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Carotid sinus branch,R" tip="舌咽神经颈动脉窦支：由舌咽神经在颈静脉孔下方发出的分支。
|
||
分部于颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_carotid_sinus_branch_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌咽神经" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Glossopharyngeal，R" tip="舌咽神经为混合性脑神经。
|
||
含有5种纤维成分：①特殊内脏运动纤维，起于疑核，支配茎突咽肌；②一般内脏运动纤维，属副交感神经节前纤维，起于泌涎核，在耳神经节内交换神经元后，节后纤维支配腮腺分泌。③一般内脏感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于颈静脉孔处的下神经节，周围突分布于咽、舌后1/3、咽鼓管和鼓室等处黏膜，以及颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球。
|
||
中枢突终于孤束核下部，传导一般内脏感觉。④特殊内脏感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于颈静脉孔处的下神经节，周围突分布于舌后1/3的味蕾，中枢突终止于孤束核上部，传导味觉。
|
||
⑤一般躯体感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于上神经节，周围突分布于耳后皮肤，中枢突入脑后止于三叉神经脊束核。
|
||
舌咽神经的根丝，在橄榄后沟上部连于延髓，与迷走神经、副神经同穿颈静脉孔前部出入颅腔，在孔内神经干上有膨大的上神经节，出孔时形成稍大的下神经节。
|
||
舌咽神经出颅后先在颈内动、静脉间下降，继而弓形向前，经舌骨舌肌内侧达舌根" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌咽神经(咽支、扁桃体支、舌支)" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经（咽支,扁桃体支,舌支），右.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Glossopharyngeal:Pharyngeal" tip="舌支：为舌咽神经终支，经舌骨舌肌深面分布于舌后1/3黏膜和味蕾，传导一般内脏感觉和味觉。
|
||
咽支:为3-4条细支，与迷走神经和交感神经的咽支在咽后侧壁交织成丛，由丛发出分支分布于咽壁各层，接受咽壁的感觉传入，与咽反射直接有关。 扁桃体支：由舌咽神经在舌骨舌肌的深面发出的分支。
|
||
分布于腭扁桃体、软腭及咽峡部的黏膜" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_glossopharyngeal_nerve_(pharyngeal_branch, tonsillar_branch, lingual_branch)">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌咽神经下神经节" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经下神经节，右.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Inferior ganglion,R" tip="舌咽神经下神经节：又称“岩神经节”。
|
||
舌咽神经位于颈静脉孔下方的彭大部。呈卵圆形，内含假单极神经元，周围突分布于舌后1/3黏膜、咽、咽鼓管、鼓室的黏膜及颈动脉窦和颈动脉小球，中枢突终止于孤束核" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_inferior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌咽神经上神经节" audio="YinPin1489/舌咽神经上神经节，右.mp3" englishName="CN 09 Superior ganglion,R" tip="舌咽神经上神经节：舌咽神经位于颈静脉孔稍上方的彭大部。
|
||
呈卵圆形，含假单极神经元，其周围突分布于耳后皮肤，中枢突终止于三叉神经脊束核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_glossopharyngeal_nerve/SM_superior_ganglion_of_glossopharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌下神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌下神经舌外肌支" audio="YinPin1489/舌下神经舌外肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Branches to the extrinsic muscles of the tongue,R" tip="舌下神经舌支：舌下神经的终支。
|
||
分布于茎突舌肌、舌骨舌肌、颏舌肌以及全部舌内肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_hypoglossal_nerve/SM_extrinsic_muscle_branch_of_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌下神经" audio="YinPin1489/舌下神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 12 Hypoglossal，R" tip="舌下神经：为运动性脑神经，主要由一般躯体运动纤维组成。
|
||
该神经起自延髓的舌下神经核，以若干根丝自延髓前外侧沟出脑，向外侧经舌下神经管出颅，继而在颈内动、静脉之间弓形向前下走行，达舌骨舌肌浅面，在舌神经和下颌下腺管下方穿颏舌肌入舌内，支配全部舌内肌和大部分舌外肌。 一侧舌下神经完全损伤时，患侧半舌肌瘫痪，伸舌时舌尖偏向患侧；舌肌瘫痪时间过长时，则造成舌肌萎缩" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_hypoglossal_nerve/SM_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌下神经舌内肌支" audio="YinPin1489/舌下神经舌内肌支，右.mp3" englishName="Branches to the intrinsic muscles of the tongue,R" tip="舌下神经舌支：舌下神经的终支。
|
||
分布于茎突舌肌、舌骨舌肌、颏舌肌以及全部舌内肌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_hypoglossal_nerve/SM_intrinsic_muscle_branch_of_hypoglossal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧嗅神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_olfactory_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧外侧嗅纹" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/外侧嗅纹，右.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, lateral stria,R" tip="外侧嗅纹：嗅三角向后外分出，延续至岛阈的一条纤维束。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_olfactory_nerve/SM_lateral_olfactory_stria">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧内侧嗅纹" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/内侧嗅纹，右.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, medial stria，R" tip="内侧嗅纹：嗅三角向后内分出的一条纤维束。
|
||
于接近终板旁回时逐渐消失。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_olfactory_nerve/SM_medial_olfactory_stria">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧嗅球" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/嗅球，右.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, olfactory bulb,R" tip="嗅球：位于嗅沟前端，颅前窝的筛板上，与嗅神经相连的扁平椭圆体" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_olfactory_nerve/SM_olfactory_bulb">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧嗅丝" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, olfactory fibers,R" tip="嗅神经：由特殊内脏感觉纤维构成，由上鼻甲和鼻中隔上部黏膜内的嗅细胞中枢突聚集而成20多条嗅丝，穿筛孔入颅前窝连于嗅球传导嗅觉。
|
||
颅前窝骨折累及筛板时，可撕脱嗅丝和脑膜，造成嗅觉障碍，甚至脑脊液鼻漏。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_olfactory_nerve/SM_olfactory_filament">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧嗅束" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/嗅束，右.mp3" englishName="CN 01 Olfactory, olfactory tract,R" tip="嗅束：由嗅球发出，呈扁条状向后行于嗅沟内的纤维束" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_olfactory_nerve/SM_olfactory_tract">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧三叉神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧耳颞神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/耳颞神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Auriculotemporal branch，R" tip="耳颞神经：起自下颌神经后干，向后以两根包绕脑膜中动脉的神经。
|
||
在其后方合为一支，穿过腮腺，分布于耳颞部皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve/SM_auriculotemporal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颊神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颊神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Buccal，R" tip="颊神经：由下颌神经前干发出的神经。
|
||
分布于颊部皮肤和颊黏膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve/SM_buccal_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下牙槽神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/下牙槽神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Inferior alveolar,R" tip="下牙槽神经：为混合性神经，在舌神经后方与其并列下行，经下颌孔入下颌管，在管内分支组成下牙丛，分支分布于下颌牙及牙龈，其终支自颏孔穿出，称颏神经，分布颏部及下唇的皮肤和黏膜。
|
||
下牙槽神经中的运动纤维支配下颌舌骨肌及二腹肌前腹。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve/SM_inferior_alveolar_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧舌神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/舌神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Lingual，R" tip="舌神经：在下颌支内侧下降，沿舌骨舌肌外侧弓形向前，越过下颌下腺上方，向前内行达口腔黏膜深面，分布于口腔底及舌前2/3黏膜，传导—般感觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve/SM_lingual_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧下颌神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/下颌神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Mandibular,R" tip="下颌神经：是三叉神经三大分支中最粗大的一支，为混合性神经，含一般躯体感觉纤维和特殊内脏运动纤维。
|
||
自卵圆孔出颅后，在翼外肌深面分为前、后两干，前干细小，发出肌支分布于咀嚼肌、鼓膜张肌和腭帆张肌，还发出一支颊神经。后干粗大，分支分布于硬脑膜、下颌牙及牙龈、舌前2/3及口腔底的黏膜、耳颞区和口裂以下的皮肤，并支配下颌舌骨肌和二腹肌前腹。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve/SM_mandibular_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颏神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颏神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Mental，R" tip="颏神经：下牙槽神经的终支。
|
||
自下颌骨颏孔穿出。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_mandibular_nerve/SM_mental_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧上牙槽前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/上牙槽前支，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior superior alveolar，R" tip="上牙槽前支：眶下神经的分支。
|
||
发出许多细支加入上牙丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_anterior_superior_alveolar_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌神经神经节支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/上颌神经神经节支，右.mp3" englishName="Ganglionic branches，R" tip="上颌神经神经节支：又称“翼腭神经”。
|
||
由上颌神经分出后进入翼腭神经节的部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_ganglionic_branch_of_maxillary_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭大神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/腭大神经，右.mp3" englishName="Greater palatine nerve，R" tip="腭大神经：翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
分布于上牙槽内侧区的牙龈及硬腭的黏膜，其分支鼻后下支分布于鼻腔外侧壁的后下部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_greater_palatine_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眶下神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/眶下神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Infraorbital，R" tip="眶下神经：上颌神经主干的终末支，经眶下裂入眶，经眶下沟、眶下管出眶下孔分数支，分布于下睑、鼻翼、上唇的皮肤和黏膜。
|
||
临床作上颌部手术时常经眶下孔进行麻醉。眶下神经于眶下管内分出上牙槽神经前、中支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_infraorbital_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧腭小神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/腭小神经，右.mp3" englishName="Lesser palatine，R" tip="腭小神经：翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
分布于软腭及鼻腔黏膜，其分支(扁桃体支)分布于扁桃体" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_lesser_palatine_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上颌神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/上颌神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Maxillary，R" tip="上颌神经：仅含躯体感觉纤维，自三叉神经节发出后前行，穿海绵窦外侧壁，经圆孔出颅，进入翼腭窝上部、经眶下裂入眶，延续为眶下神经。
|
||
主要分布于上颌牙和牙龈、口腔顶和鼻腔及上颌窦黏膜、部分硬脑膜及睑裂与口裂之间的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_maxillary_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧鼻腭神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/鼻腭神经，右.mp3" englishName="Nasopalatine,R" tip="鼻腭神经：翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
分布于鼻中隔、腭、咽和上颌窦黏膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_nasopalatine_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼腭神经节眶支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/翼腭神经节眶支，右.mp3" englishName="Orbital branches,R" tip="翼腭神经节眶支：神经节支穿过翼腭神经节的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶，分布于眶骨膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_orbital_branch_of_pterygopalatine_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧咽神经" audio="YinPin2/咽神经.mp3" englishName="Pharyngeal" tip="来源：迷走神经(CN X)与舌咽神经(CN IX)。
|
||
功能：支配咽部肌肉及黏膜感觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_pharyngeal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧上牙槽后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/上牙槽后支，右.mp3" englishName="Posterior superior alveolar，R" tip="上牙槽后支：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
自翼腭窝发出，分布于上牙槽后部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_posterior_superior_alveolar_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧翼腭神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/翼腭神经节，右.mp3" englishName="Pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) ganglion,R" tip="翼腭神经节:又称“蝶腭神经节”。
|
||
位于翼腭窝上部，上颌神经下方的一扁平不规则的副交感神经节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_pterygopalatine_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颧神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颧神经，右.mp3" englishName="Zygomatic nerve，R" tip="颧神经：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶后沿眶外侧壁前行，其分支颧颞支分布于颞区前部及泪腺(通过泪腺神经)；颧面支分布于颊部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_zygomatic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颧面支" audio="YinPin2/颧面神经支.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticofacial" tip="颧神经：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶后沿眶外侧壁前行，其分支颧颞支分布于颞区前部及泪腺(通过泪腺神经)；颧面支分布于颊部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_zygomaticofacial_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颧颞支" audio="YinPin2/颧颞神经支.mp3" englishName="Zygomaticotemporal，R" tip="颧神经：上颌神经的分支。
|
||
经眶下裂入眶后沿眶外侧壁前行，其分支颧颞支分布于颞区前部及泪腺(通过泪腺神经)；颧面支分布于颊部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_maxillary_nerve/SM_zygomaticotemporal_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼神经额支" audio="YinPin2/视神经额支.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Ophthalmic, frontal branch" tip="额神经：眼神经最大分支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_optic_nerve/SM_frontal_branch_of_optic_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼神经鼻睫支" audio="YinPin2/视神经鼻睫支.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Ophthalmic, nasociliary branch" tip="眼神经鼻睫支：眼神经的分支。
|
||
分布于睫状体、虹膜、角膜、筛窦、鼻黏膜等处。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_optic_nerve/SM_nasociliary_branch_of_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧眼神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/眼神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Ophthalmic branch,R" tip="眼神经：仅含躯体感觉纤维，自三叉神经节发出后，穿经海绵窦外侧壁。
|
||
伴行于动眼神经、滑车神经的下方，经眶上裂入眶，分布于眶内、眼球、泪器、结膜、硬脑膜、部分鼻和鼻旁窦黏膜、额顶部及上睑和鼻背部的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_right_optic_nerve/SM_optic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧三叉神经根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/三叉神经根，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Trigeminal root，R" tip="三叉神经为混合性脑神经，含一般躯体感觉和特殊内脏运动两种纤维。
|
||
特殊内脏运动纤维起于脑桥三叉神经运动核，组成三叉神经运动根，由脑桥基底部与小脑中脚交界处出脑，位于感觉根下内侧，纤维并入下颌神经，经卵圆孔出颅，随下颌神，经分支分布于咀嚼肌等。运动根内尚含有来自三叉神经中脑核的纤维，主要传导咀嚼肌和眼外肌的本体感觉。
|
||
|
||
三叉神经内躯体感觉神经纤维的胞体位于三叉神绎节内，该节位于颅中窝颞骨岩部尖端前面的三叉神经压迹，为硬脑膜形成的美克尔腔包裹。三叉神经节由假单极神经元胞体组成，其中枢突集中成粗大的三叉神经感觉根。
|
||
由脑桥基底部与小脑中脚交界处入脑，传导头面部痛温觉的纤维主要终止于三叉神经脊束核；传导触觉的纤维主要终止于三叉神经脑桥核；其周围突组成三叉神经三大分支，即眼神经、上颌神经、下颌神经。分布于面部皮肤、眼及眶内、口腔、鼻腔、鼻旁窦的黏膜、牙齿、脑膜等，传导痛、温、触等浅感觉" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_root_of_trigeminal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧三叉神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/三叉神经节，右.mp3" englishName="CN 05 Trigeminal ganglion，R" tip="三叉神经节：又称“半月神经节”。
|
||
位于颅中窝颞骨岩部尖端前面的三叉神经压迹处，为最大的脑神经节。由假单极神经元的胞体组成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_trigeminal_nerve/SM_trigeminal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经颈下心支" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经颈下心支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Inferior cervical (vagal) cardiac branch,R" tip="迷走神经颈下心支：迷走神经和喉返神经的分支。
|
||
加入心深丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_inferior_cervical_cardiac_branch_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经下神经节" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经下神经节，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Inferior ganglion,R" tip="迷走神经下神经节：又称“结状神经节(nodose ganglion)”。
|
||
为迷走神经在第一、二颈椎横突前方的膨大部。内含假单极神经元，周围突分布于颈、胸、腹部的器官，中枢突终止于孤束核尾部" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_inferior_ganglion_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经咽支" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经咽支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Pharyngeal branch,R" tip="迷走神经咽支：由迷走神经的下神经节发出的至咽的分支" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧喉返神经" audio="YinPin1489/喉返神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Vagus:Recurrent laryngeal，R" tip="喉返神经：左、右喉返神经均由迷走神经干发出再返回颈部，但两者的行程有所不同。
|
||
右喉返神经在右迷走神经干跨越右锁骨下动脉前方处发出，向下后方勾绕右锁骨下动脉上行，返回颈部。左喉返神经在左迷走神经干跨过主动脉弓前方时发出，勾绕主动脉弓下后方上行，返回颈部。
|
||
在颈部左、右喉返神经均走行于气管与食管之间的沟内，至甲状腺侧叶深面、环甲关节后方进入喉内，终支称喉下神经,分数分支分布于喉。其特殊内脏运动纤维支配除环甲肌以外的所有喉肌，一般内脏感觉纤维分布于声门裂以下的喉黏膜。
|
||
喉返神经在行程中还发出心支、气管支和食管支，分别参加心丛、肺丛和食管丛。
|
||
在甲状腺手术中，钳夹或结扎甲状腺下动脉时，应避免损伤喉返神经。
|
||
若两侧喉返神经同时受损，可引起失音、呼吸困难，甚至窒息。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_recurrent_laryngeal_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经颈上心支" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经颈上心支，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Superior cervical (vagal) cardiac branch,R" tip="迷走神经颈上心支：由迷走神经发出的分支。
|
||
有上、下两支，分别加入心深丛和心浅丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_superior_cervical_cardiac_branch_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经上神经节" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经上神经节，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Superior ganglion,R" tip="迷走神经上神经节：又称“颈静脉神经节(jugular ganglion)”。
|
||
迷走神经在颈静脉孔内的膨大部。内含假单极神经元，周围突分布于硬脑膜、外耳道和耳郭后面的皮肤，中枢突终止于三叉神经脊束核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_superior_ganglion_of_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧喉上神经" audio="YinPin1489/喉上神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Superior laryngeal nerve,R" tip="喉上神经：发自迷走神经下神经节的神经。
|
||
于舌骨大角处分为内、外两支：外支亦称喉外神经，大部分纤维分布至环甲肌；内支亦称喉内神经，为感觉支，分布于舌根、会厌、咽部以及声门裂以上的喉黏膜，传导一般内脏感觉和味觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_superior_laryngeal_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧迷走神经" audio="YinPin1489/迷走神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 10 Vagus，R" tip="迷走神经为混合性脑神经，是行程最长、分布范围最广的脑神经。
|
||
含有四种纤维成分：①一般内脏运动纤维，属副交感神经带前纤维，起于延髓的迷走神经背核，于颈、胸、腹部器官的器官旁或器官壁内的副交感神经节交换神经元，其节后纤维控制平滑肌、心肌和腺体的活动②特殊内脏运动纤维，起于延髓的疑核，支配咽喉部肌；③一般内脏感觉纤维，其神经元胞体位于颈静脉下方的迷走神经下神经节(结状神经节)内，中枢突止于孤束核，周围突分布于颈部和胸、腹腔内的脏器，传导一般内脏感觉冲动④一般躯体感觉纤维，其感觉神经元胞体位于迷走神经的上神经节内，中枢突入脑后止于三叉神经脊束核，周围突分布于硬脑膜、耳廓后方皮肤及外耳道皮肤，传导一般感觉。
|
||
迷走神经根丝自橄榄后沟的中部出入脑，经颈静脉孔出颅，在此处有膨大的迷走神经上、下神经节。
|
||
迷走神经干在颈部下行于颈动脉鞘内，位于颈内静脉与颈内动脉或颈总动脉之间的后方至颈根部，经胸廓上口入胸腔。左、右迷走神经在胸腔内的行程略有不同。
|
||
左迷走神经在左颈总动脉与左锁骨下动脉之间下行，越过主动脉弓前方，经左肺根后方下行至食管前面下行并分成许多细支，构成左肺丛和食管前丛，于食管下段延续为迷走神经前干。右迷走神经经右锁骨下动、静脉之间下行，沿气管右侧，经右肺根后方达食管后面，分支构成右肺丛和食管后丛，继续下行又集中构成迷走神经后干。
|
||
迷走神经前、后干伴食管一起穿膈肌食管裂孔进入腹腔，分布于胃前、后壁，其终支参加主要由内脏运动神经构成的腹腔丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_right_vagus_nerve/SM_vagus_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧滑车神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/滑车神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 04 Trochlear nerve，R" tip="滑车神经：为运动性脑神经，起于中脑下丘平面对侧的滑车神经核，自中脑下丘下方出脑，绕过大脑脚外侧前行，穿经海绵窦外侧壁向前，经眶上裂入眶，越过上直肌和上睑提肌向前内侧行，支配上斜肌" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_trochlear_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧前庭蜗神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/前庭蜗神经，右.mp3" englishName="CN 08 Vestibulocochlear nerve，R" tip="前庭蜗神经(又称位听神经)是特殊感觉性脑神经。
|
||
由传导平衡觉的前庭神经和传导听觉的蜗神经两部分组成。 前庭神经传导平衡觉。
|
||
位于内耳道底的前庭神经节，由双极感觉神经元组成，其周围突穿内耳道底，分布于内耳球囊斑、椭圆囊斑和壶腹嵴中的毛细胞，中枢突组成前庭神经，经内耳门入颅，在脑桥小脑三角处，经延髓脑桥沟外侧部入脑，终止于前庭神经核群和小脑等部。
|
||
蜗神经传导听觉。
|
||
位于耳蜗的蜗轴内的蜗神经节(或称螺旋神经节)，也由双极感觉神经元组成，其周围突分布于内耳螺旋器(或称Corti器)的毛细胞，中枢突形成蜗神经，经内耳门入颅；伴前庭神经入脑，终止于蜗神经蜗腹侧、背侧核。前庭蜗神经损伤后表现为伤侧耳聋和平衡功能障碍；并伴有恶心、呕吐等症状。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_cranial_nerve/SM_right_cerebral_nerve/SM_vestibulocochlear_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="眼睛" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_eye">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左眼" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/左眼.mp3" englishName="Eye,L" tip="眼球的功能是接受光波的刺激，将感受的光波刺激转变为神经冲动，经视觉传导通路传至大脑视觉中枢，产生视觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_eye/SM_left_eye">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右眼" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/右眼.mp3" englishName="Eye,R" tip="眼球的功能是接受光波的刺激，将感受的光波刺激转变为神经冲动，经视觉传导通路传至大脑视觉中枢，产生视觉。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_eye/SM_right_eye">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="内脏神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="内脏神经丛" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="心丛" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/心丛.mp3" englishName="Cardiac plexus" tip="心丛：位于心底部、主动脉弓后下方、气管杈前后及两侧的神经丛。
|
||
分为心浅丛和心深丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve_plexus/SM_cardiac_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="肺丛" audio="YinPin1(1101-1200)/肺丛.mp3" englishName="Pulmonary plexus" tip="肺丛：位于肺根内支气管和血管前方和后方的神经丛。
|
||
分为肺前丛和肺后丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve_plexus/SM_pulmonary_plexus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="交感干" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧交感神经链" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧锁骨下袢" audio="YinPin2/锁骨下袢.mp3" englishName="Ansa subclavia,L" tip="位置：连接颈中交感神经节与颈下/星状神经节。
|
||
功能：调节上肢血管舒缩及汗腺分泌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_ansa_subclavia_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈中心神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈中心神经，左.mp3" englishName="Middle cervical sympathetic cardiac nerve，L" tip="颈中心神经：颈中神经节的节后纤维。
|
||
是交感神经心支中的最大分支，分支支配心。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_central_cervical_nerve_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈交感干" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈交感干，左.mp3" englishName="Cervical Sympathetic trunk，L" tip="交感干：由椎旁神经节和节间支串联构成的神经链。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_cervical_sympathetic_trunk_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈胸神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈胸神经节，左.mp3" englishName="Cervicothoracic (stallate) ganglion，L" tip="颈胸神经节：又称“星状神经节”。
|
||
由颈下神经节与第一胸神经节合并而成的神经节" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_cervicothoracic_ganglion_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<!--<Body name="左侧灰交通支" englishName="gray communicating branch" tip="定义：无髓交感神经节后纤维，连接交感干与脊神经。
|
||
临床意义：交感神经阻断术的靶点(如治疗多汗症)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_gray_communicating_branch_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<!--<Body name="左侧灰交通支 1" englishName="gray communicating branch" tip="定义：无髓交感神经节后纤维，连接交感干与脊神经。
|
||
临床意义：交感神经阻断术的靶点(如治疗多汗症)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_gray_communicating_branch_L 1">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈下心神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈下心神经，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior cervical (sympathetic) cardiac nerve，L" tip="颈下心神经：由颈下神经节和第一胸神经节或星状神经节发出的节后纤维组成的神经。
|
||
其分支加入心深丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_inferior_cervical_cardiac_nerve_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈内静脉神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈内静脉神经，左.mp3" englishName="Jugular nerve，L" tip="颈内静脉:于颈静脉孔处续于乙状窦，在颈动脉鞘内沿颈内动脉和颈总动脉外侧下行，至胸锁关节后方与锁骨下静脉汇合成头臂静脉。颈内静脉的颅内属支有乙状窦和岩下窦，收集颅骨、脑膜、脑、泪器和前庭蜗器等处的静脉血。颅外属支包括面静脉、舌静脉、咽静脉、甲状腺上静脉和甲状腺中静脉等。颈内静脉壁附着于颈动脉鞘，并通过颈动脉鞘与周围的颈深筋膜和肩胛舌骨肌中间腱相连，故管腔经常处于开放状态，有利于血液回流。颈内静脉外伤时，由于管腔不能闭锁和胸腔负压对血液的吸引，可导致空气栓塞。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_internal_jugular_vein_nerve_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈中神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈中神经节，左.mp3" englishName="Middle cervical sympathetic ganglion，L" tip="颈中神经节：位于第六颈椎平面甲状腺下动脉前方的神经节。
|
||
发出的节后纤维形成第四、五、六颈神经的灰交通支、组成神经分支和神经丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_middle_cervical_ganglion_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈上心神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈上心神经，左.mp3" englishName="Superior cervical sympathetic cardiac nerve" tip="颈上心神经：由起自颈上神经节下段的交感神经节后纤维构成的神经。
|
||
其分支分别加入心深丛和心浅丛，分支支配心脏。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_superior_cervical_cardiac_nerve_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧颈上神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/颈上神经节，左.mp3" englishName="Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion，L" tip="颈上神经节：颈部的交感干神经节。
|
||
位于第二至第三颈椎横突的前方，由最上3-4个交感干合并而成。节内神经元发出的节后纤维形成灰交通支至第一至四颈神经或组成神经分支或神经丛" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_superior_cervical_ganglion_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸心神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/胸心神经，左.mp3" englishName="Thoracic (sympathetic) cardiac branches,L" tip="胸心神经：第二至第四(或第五)胸神经节发出的节后纤维。
|
||
加入心深丛，分布至心、心包、气管和食管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_thoracic_cardiac_nerve_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<!--<Body name="左侧胸神经节" tip="颈胸神经节：又称“星状神经节”。
|
||
由颈下神经节与第一胸神经节合并而成的神经节" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_thoracic_ganglion_L">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="左侧白交通支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/白交通支，左.mp3" englishName="White rami communicantes,L" tip="白交通支：存在于胸1(或颈8)-腰3(或腰2)节段各脊神经节前支与相应的交感干神经节之间的一段节前纤维。
|
||
由上述节段脊髓侧角的中间带外侧核发出，因其具有髓鞘呈白色而得名。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_left_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_white_communicating_branch_L">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧交感神经链" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧锁骨下袢" audio="YinPin2/锁骨下袢.mp3" englishName="Ansa subclavia,R" tip="位置：连接颈中交感神经节与颈下/星状神经节。
|
||
功能：调节上肢血管舒缩及汗腺分泌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_ansa_subclavia">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈中神经" tip="颈中神经节：位于第六颈椎平面甲状腺下动脉前方的神经节。
|
||
发出的节后纤维形成第四、五、六颈神经的灰交通支、组成神经分支和神经丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_central_cervical_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈交感干" audio="YinPin1489/颈交感干，右.mp3" englishName="Cervical Sympathetic trunk，R" tip="交感干：由椎旁神经节和节间支串联构成的神经链。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_cervical_sympathetic_trunk">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈胸神经节" audio="YinPin1489/颈胸神经节，右.mp3" englishName="Cervicothoracic (stallate) ganglion，R" tip="颈胸神经节：又称“星状神经节”。
|
||
由颈下神经节与第一胸神经节合并而成的神经节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_cervicothoracic_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<!--<Body name="右侧灰交通支" englishName="gray communicating branch" tip="定义：无髓交感神经节后纤维，连接交感干与脊神经。
|
||
临床意义：交感神经阻断术的靶点(如治疗多汗症)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_gray_communicating_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈下心神经" audio="YinPin1489/颈下心神经，右.mp3" englishName="Inferior cervical (sympathetic) cardiac nerve，R" tip="颈下心神经：由颈下神经节和第一胸神经节或星状神经节发出的节后纤维组成的神经。
|
||
其分支加入心深丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_inferior_cervical_cardiac_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈内静脉神经" englishName="Jugular nerve，R" audio="YinPin1489/颈内静脉神经，右.mp3" tip="颈内静脉神经：起自颈上神经节上端或颈内动脉神经的神经。
|
||
其分支分布于颈静脉球及颅后窝的脑膜。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_internal_jugular_vein_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈中神经节" audio="YinPin1489/颈中神经节，右.mp3" englishName="Middle cervical sympathetic ganglion，R" tip="颈中神经节：位于第六颈椎平面甲状腺下动脉前方的神经节。
|
||
发出的节后纤维形成第四、五、六颈神经的灰交通支、组成神经分支和神经丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_middle_cervical_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈中心神经" audio="YinPin1489/颈中心神经，右.mp3" englishName="Middle cervical sympathetic cardiac nerve，R" tip="颈中心神经：颈中神经节的节后纤维。
|
||
是交感神经心支中的最大分支，分支支配心。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_middle_cervical_ganglion 1">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颈上神经节" audio="YinPin1489/颈上神经节，右.mp3" englishName="Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion，R" tip="颈上神经节：颈部的交感干神经节。
|
||
位于第二至第三颈椎横突的前方，由最上3-4个交感干合并而成。节内神经元发出的节后纤维形成灰交通支至第一至四颈神经或组成神经分支或神经丛" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_superior_cervical_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸心神经" audio="YinPin1489/胸心神经，右.mp3" englishName="Thoracic (sympathetic) cardiac branches,R" tip="胸心神经：第二至第四(或第五)胸神经节发出的节后纤维。
|
||
加入心深丛，分布至心、心包、气管和食管。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_thoracic_cardiac_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<!--<Body name="右侧交感干" tip="交感干：由椎旁神经节和节间支串联构成的神经链。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_sympathetic_trunk">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<!--<Body name="右侧胸神经节" tip="胸神经节是交感神经干的一部分，位于胸部脊柱两侧，左右各有一串，通常有 10 - 12 个。它们通过神经纤维与脊髓和身体各器官相连，主要负责调节胸部和腹部器官的功能，参与应激反应、血管舒缩、汗腺分泌等生理过程。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_thoracic_ganglion">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="右侧白交通支" audio="YinPin1489/白交通支，右.mp3" englishName="White rami communicantes，R" tip="白交通支：存在于胸1(或颈8)-腰3(或腰2)节段各脊神经节前支与相应的交感干神经节之间的一段节前纤维。
|
||
由上述节段脊髓侧角的中间带外侧核发出，因其具有髓鞘呈白色而得名。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_splanchnic_nerve/SM_sympathetic_trunk/SM_right_sympathetic_nerve_chain/SM_white_communicating_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="胸神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋间神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01前支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01前支，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus),L" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02前支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02前支，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus)，L" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03前支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03前支，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus),L" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04前支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04前支，左.mp3" englishName="T04 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus),L" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01前皮支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01前皮支，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Cutaneous branches,anterior，L" tip="肋间神经前皮支：肋间神经在胸骨侧缘附近穿出的皮支。
|
||
分布于胸前壁皮肤及附近胸膜壁层。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_cutaneous_branch_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧肋间臂神经" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/肋间臂神经，左.mp3" englishName="T02 intercostobrachial,L" tip="肋间臂神经：第二肋间神经的外侧皮支。
|
||
横过腋窝达臂内侧与臂内侧皮神经交通，分布于臂内侧面皮肤" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_intercostobrachial_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01外侧皮支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01外侧皮支，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Cutaneous branches,lateral，L" tip="肋间神经外侧皮支：在肋角前由肋间神经分出的皮支。
|
||
复分前、后支分布于胸侧壁和肩胛区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_intercostal_nerve/SM_lateral_cutaneous_branch_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧神经根" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01前根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01前根，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02前根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02前根，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03前根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03前根，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04前根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04前根，左.mp3" englishName="T04 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T05前根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T05前根，左.mp3" englishName="T05 Ventral root，L" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<!--<Body name="左侧T06前根" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T06">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01后根" englishName="T01 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02后根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02后根，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03后根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03后根，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04后根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04后根，左.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T05后根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T05后根，左.mp3" englishName="T05 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T06后根" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T06后根，左.mp3" englishName="T06 Dorsal root，L" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T06">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal root ganglion，L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T01">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal root ganglion，L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03脊神经节，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal root ganglion，L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04脊神经节.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal root ganglion，L" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胸神经后支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T01_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch，L" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T02_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T03_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04后支外侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,L" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T04_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal ramus,medial branch，L" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T01_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal ramus,medial branch，L" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T02_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal ramus,medial branch，L" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T03_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04后支内侧支，左.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,L" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T04_posterior_branch">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T01后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T01后支，左.mp3" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_T01_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T02后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T02后支，左.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal ramus，L" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_T02_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T03后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T03后支，左.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal ramus，L" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_T03_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧T04后支" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04后支，左.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal ramus,L" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_left_thoracic_nerve/SM_T04_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧胸神经后支" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01后支外侧支.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,R" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T01_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02后支外侧支.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch，R" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T02_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03后支外侧支.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch，R" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T03_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04后支外侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T04后支外侧支.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal ramus,lateral branch,R" tip="胸神经后支外侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向外侧行，支配背部深层肌，穿出肌层后分布于背部偏外侧区的皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_lateral_branch_of_T04_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T01_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal ramus,medial branch，R" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T02_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal ramus,medial branch，R" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T03_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04后支内侧支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T04后支内侧支，右.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal ramus,medial branch,R" tip="胸神经后支内侧支：胸神经后支的分支。
|
||
由后支分出向内侧行，分布于背部深层肌和后中线区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_medial_branch_of_T04_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01后支，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal ramus" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_T01_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02后支，右.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal ramus，R" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_T02_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03后支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03后支，右.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal ramus，R" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_T03_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04后支 " audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T04后支，右.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal ramus,R" tip="胸神经后支：胸神经向后的分支。
|
||
多贴关节突后行，为混合性，一般分为内侧支和外侧支。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_posterior_branch_of_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_T04_posterior_branch">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋间神经" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01前支，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus),R" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02前支，右.mp3" englishName="T02 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus)，R" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T02">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03前支，右.mp3" englishName="T03 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus),R" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04前支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T04前支，右.mp3" englishName="T04 Spinal nerve (ventral ramus),R" tip="胸神经前支：胸神经的前部分支。
|
||
共12对。第一至第十一对各位于相应肋间隙中，称肋间神经；第十二对行于第十二肋下方，称肋下神经。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_branch_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01前皮支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01前皮支，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Cutaneous branches,anterior,R" tip="肋间神经前皮支：肋间神经在胸骨侧缘附近穿出的皮支。
|
||
分布于胸前壁皮肤及附近胸膜壁层。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_anterior_cutaneous_branch_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧肋间臂神经" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/肋间臂神经，右.mp3" englishName="T02 intercostobrachial，R" tip="肋间臂神经：第二肋间神经的外侧皮支。
|
||
横过腋窝达臂内侧与臂内侧皮神经交通，分布于臂内侧面皮肤" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_intercostobrachial_nerve">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01外侧皮支" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01外侧皮支，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Cutaneous branches,lateral，R" tip="肋间神经外侧皮支：在肋角前由肋间神经分出的皮支。
|
||
复分前、后支分布于胸侧壁和肩胛区皮肤。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_intercostal_nerve/SM_lateral_cutaneous_branch_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧神经根" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root">
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01前根，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Ventral root，R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T01">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02前根，右.mp3" englishName="T02 Ventral root，R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03前根，右.mp3" englishName="T03 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T04前根，右.mp3" englishName="T04 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T05前根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T05前根，右.mp3" englishName="T05 Ventral root,R" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<!--<Body name="右侧T06前根" tip="脊神经前根：由连于脊髓前外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由运动纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_anterior_root_of_T06">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>-->
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02后根，右.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal root，R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03后根，右.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal root，R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04后根" o="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T04后根，右.mp3" englishName="T04 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T04">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T05后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T05后根，右.mp3" englishName="T05 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T05">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T06后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T06后根，右.mp3" englishName="T06 Dorsal root,R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_posterior_root_of_T06">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T02脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T02脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="T02 Dorsal root ganglion" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T02">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T03脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T03脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="T03 Dorsal root ganglion" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T03">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T04脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1201-1300)/T04脊神经节.mp3" englishName=" T04 Dorsal root ganglion,R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_spinal_ganglion_of_T04">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01后根" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01后根，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal root，R" tip="脊神经后根：由连于脊髓后外侧沟的脊神经根丝合成的神经根。
|
||
一般由感觉纤维构成。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_T01_posterior_root">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧T01脊神经节" audio="YinPin1(1301-1517)/T01脊神经节，右.mp3" englishName="T01 Dorsal root ganglion，R" tip="脊神经节：位于脊神经后根上的感觉神经节。
|
||
内含假单极神经元。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ShenJing/SM_nerve/SM_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_thoracic_nerve/SM_right_root/SM_T01_spinal_ganglion">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中枢" icon="整体结构-zhongshushenjing.png" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="中枢神经系统" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="脑干" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="延髓" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_medulla_oblongata">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧延髓" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/延髓，左.mp3" englishName="Medulla oblongata,right side,L" tip="延髓:腹侧面形似倒置的圆锥体，下端于枕骨大孔处与脊髓相续，上端借横行的延髓脑桥沟与脑桥为界。
|
||
延髓下部的外形与脊髓相似，脊髓表面的各条纵行沟、裂向上延续到延髓。延髓腹侧面正中有前正中裂，其两侧的纵行隆起为锥体，由大脑皮质发出的锥体束(主要为皮质脊髓束)纤维构成。在锥体的下端，大部分皮质脊髓柬纤维左右交叉，形成发辫状的锥体交叉，部分填堵了前正中裂。在延髓上部，锥体背外侧的卵圆形隆起称橄榄，内含下橄榄核。
|
||
锥体和橄榄之间的纵沟称前外侧沟，舌下神经根丝由此出脑。在橄榄背外侧的后外侧沟内，自上而下依次有舌咽神经、迷走神经和副神经的根丝连脑。
|
||
背侧面的上部构成菱形窝的下半;下部形似脊髓，在后正中沟的两侧各有两个膨大，内侧者为薄束结节，外上者为束结节，两者与脊髓的薄束、楔束相延续，其深面分别隐含薄束核和楔束核，它们是薄束、楔束的终止核。楔束结节外上方的隆起为小脑下脚(又称绳状体)，其纤维向后连于小脑。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_medulla_oblongata/SM_medulla_oblongata_left">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧延髓 " audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/延髓，右.mp3" englishName="Medulla oblongata,right side，R" tip="延髓:腹侧面形似倒置的圆锥体，下端于枕骨大孔处与脊髓相续，上端借横行的延髓脑桥沟与脑桥为界。
|
||
延髓下部的外形与脊髓相似，脊髓表面的各条纵行沟、裂向上延续到延髓。延髓腹侧面正中有前正中裂，其两侧的纵行隆起为锥体，由大脑皮质发出的锥体束(主要为皮质脊髓束)纤维构成。在锥体的下端，大部分皮质脊髓柬纤维左右交叉，形成发辫状的锥体交叉，部分填堵了前正中裂。在延髓上部，锥体背外侧的卵圆形隆起称橄榄，内含下橄榄核。
|
||
锥体和橄榄之间的纵沟称前外侧沟，舌下神经根丝由此出脑。在橄榄背外侧的后外侧沟内，自上而下依次有舌咽神经、迷走神经和副神经的根丝连脑。
|
||
背侧面的上部构成菱形窝的下半;下部形似脊髓，在后正中沟的两侧各有两个膨大，内侧者为薄束结节，外上者为束结节，两者与脊髓的薄束、楔束相延续，其深面分别隐含薄束核和楔束核，它们是薄束、楔束的终止核。楔束结节外上方的隆起为小脑下脚(又称绳状体)，其纤维向后连于小脑。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_medulla_oblongata/SM_medulla_oblongata_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="中脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_left_midbrain">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑脚" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/大脑脚，左.mp3" englishName="Cerebral crus，L" tip="大脑脚:位于中脑导水管周围灰质(中央灰质)腹侧的脑组织。构成中脑的大部分，为一对纵行柱状隆起，包括被盖和脚底，后二者被黑质分隔。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_left_midbrain/SM_cerebral_peduncle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/下丘，左.mp3" englishName="Inferior colliculus,L" tip="下丘:在中脑下部背侧的一对圆形隆起。是重要的听觉反射中枢和听觉通路上的重要中继站，并参与听觉的负反馈调节和声源定位等。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_left_midbrain/SM_inferior_colliculus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中脑" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中脑，右.mp3" englishName="Midbrain，L" tip="中脑:介于间脑与脑桥之间的脑组织。
|
||
其上界为视束，下届为脑桥基底部腹侧上缘。由中脑导水管周围灰质。
|
||
顶盖和大脑脚3部分组成，具有传导信息和参与完成视、听反射等功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_left_midbrain/SM_midbrain">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上丘" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/上丘，左.mp3" englishName="Superior colliculus，L" tip="上丘:在中脑上部背侧的一对圆形隆起。是重要的视反射中枢，有灰质、白质相互交替的7层板层结构。浅层(1-)与视觉系统有关，是视环境的感觉分析器，深层(IV-VI)是重要的皮质下感觉运动整合器，与视、听、躯体信息引起的眼、头及躯体联合转向刺激源方向有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_left_midbrain/SM_superior_colliculus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_right_midbrain">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="大脑脚" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/大脑脚,右.mp3" englishName="Cerebral crus，R" tip="大脑脚:位于中脑导水管周围灰质(中央灰质)腹侧的脑组织。构成中脑的大部分，为一对纵行柱状隆起，包括被盖和脚底，后二者被黑质分隔。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_right_midbrain/SM_cerebral_peduncle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/下丘,右.mp3" englishName="Inferior colliculus，R" tip="下丘:在中脑下部背侧的一对圆形隆起。是重要的听觉反射中枢和听觉通路上的重要中继站，并参与听觉的负反馈调节和声源定位等。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_right_midbrain/SM_inferior_colliculus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中脑" englishName="Midbrain" tip="中脑:介于间脑与脑桥之间的脑组织。
|
||
其上界为视束，下届为脑桥基底部腹侧上缘。由中脑导水管周围灰质。
|
||
顶盖和大脑脚3部分组成，具有传导信息和参与完成视、听反射等功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_right_midbrain/SM_midbrain">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="上丘" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/上丘,右.mp3" englishName="Superior colliculus，R" tip="上丘:在中脑上部背侧的一对圆形隆起。是重要的视反射中枢，有灰质、白质相互交替的7层板层结构。浅层(1-)与视觉系统有关，是视环境的感觉分析器，深层(IV-VI)是重要的皮质下感觉运动整合器，与视、听、躯体信息引起的眼、头及躯体联合转向刺激源方向有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_midbrain/SM_right_midbrain/SM_superior_colliculus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="脑桥" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_pons">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧脑桥" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/脑桥，左.mp3" englishName="Pons,right side,L" tip="脑桥:腹侧面宽阔隆起，称脑桥基底部，主要由大量的横行纤维和部分纵行纤维构成，其正中线上的纵行浅沟称基底沟，容纳基底动脉，基底部向外后逐渐变窄，移行为小脑中脚(又称脑桥臂)，两者交界处连有粗大的三叉神经根。脑桥基底部的上缘与中脑的大脑脚相接，下缘与延髓之间形成深而明显的、横行的延髓脑桥沟，沟内自中线向外侧依次有展神经、面神经和前庭蜗神经根穿出
|
||
在延髓脑桥沟的外侧部，延髓、脑桥和小脑的结合处，临床上称脑桥小脑三角，前庭蜗神经根恰位于此处。前庭蜗神经纤维瘤时，病入除了有听力障碍和小脑损伤的症状外，肿瘤还可压迫位于附近的面神经、三叉神经、舌咽神经和迷走神经，产生相应的临床症状。背侧面形成菱形窝的上半，此处窝的外上界为左右小脑上脚又称结合臂。左右小脑上脚间夹有薄层白质板，称上髓帆，参与构成第四脑室顶。
|
||
脑桥前端的缩窄部分称萎脑峡，为脑桥与中脑的移行部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_pons/SM_pons_left">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧脑桥" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/脑桥，右.mp3" englishName="Pons,right side,R" tip="脑桥:腹侧面宽阔隆起，称脑桥基底部，主要由大量的横行纤维和部分纵行纤维构成，其正中线上的纵行浅沟称基底沟，容纳基底动脉，基底部向外后逐渐变窄，移行为小脑中脚(又称脑桥臂)，两者交界处连有粗大的三叉神经根。脑桥基底部的上缘与中脑的大脑脚相接，下缘与延髓之间形成深而明显的、横行的延髓脑桥沟，沟内自中线向外侧依次有展神经、面神经和前庭蜗神经根穿出
|
||
在延髓脑桥沟的外侧部，延髓、脑桥和小脑的结合处，临床上称脑桥小脑三角，前庭蜗神经根恰位于此处。前庭蜗神经纤维瘤时，病入除了有听力障碍和小脑损伤的症状外，肿瘤还可压迫位于附近的面神经、三叉神经、舌咽神经和迷走神经，产生相应的临床症状。背侧面形成菱形窝的上半，此处窝的外上界为左右小脑上脚又称结合臂。左右小脑上脚间夹有薄层白质板，称上髓帆，参与构成第四脑室顶。
|
||
脑桥前端的缩窄部分称萎脑峡，为脑桥与中脑的移行部。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_brainstem/SM_pons/SM_pons_right">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="小脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑前叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/小脑前叶，左.mp3" englishName="Cerebellum,anterior lobe,L" tip="小脑前叶:又称“脊髓小脑(Spinocerebellum)”。位于小脑上面原裂以前的脑叶。主要接受脊髓小脑束的纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_anterior_lobe_of_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑活树" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/小脑活树，左.mp3" englishName="Arbor vitae,L" tip="小脑的表层为灰质称小脑皮质，深部为白质，白质呈树枝状伸入小脑各叶片，称小脑活树。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_arbor_vitae_cerebelli">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑脚" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/小脑脚，左.mp3" englishName="Cerebellar peduncle,L" tip="小脑脚:联系小脑和小脑以外其他脑区的传入、传出纤维主要组成三对小脑脚:小脑上、中、下脚。 小脑下脚:又称绳状体,连于小脑和延髓、脊髓之间。
|
||
包含小脑的传入纤维和传出纤维两部分。传入纤维包括:起于前庭神经、前庭神经核、延髓下橄榄核、延髓网状结构进入小脑的纤维，脊髓小脑后束及楔小脑束的纤维，
|
||
传出纤维包括;发自绒球和部分小脑蚓部皮质，止于前庭神经核的小脑前庭纤维;起于顶核，止于延髓的顶核延髓束纤维(包括顶核前庭纤维和顶核网状纤维)
|
||
小脑中脚:又称脑桥臂，最粗大，位于最外侧，连于小脑和脑桥之间。其主要成分为小脑传入纤维，且几乎全部由对侧脑桥核发出的脑桥小脑纤维构成，仅少许脑桥网状核到小脑皮质的纤维f小脑传出纤维非常稀少，为小脑至脑桥的纤维。 小脑上脚:又称结合臂，连于小脑和中脑、间脑之间。
|
||
其主要成分为起自小脑中央核，止于对侧红核和背侧丘脑的小脑传出纤维，小脑传入纤维主要有脊髓小脑前束、三叉小脑束及起自顶益和红核的顶盖小脑束、红核小脑束等" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_cerebellar_peduncles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧绒球" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/绒球，左.mp3" englishName="Flocculus,L" tip="绒球:位于小脑下蚓小结两侧的球形结构。
|
||
以绒球脚与小结相连，共同组成绒球小结叶。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_flocculus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑后叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/小脑后叶，左.mp3" englishName="Cerebellum,posterior lobe,L" tip="小脑后叶:又称“新小脑(Neocerebellum)”,“大脑小脑”。原裂以后的部分。其中，上半月小叶、下半月小叶、蚓叶、和蚓结节为种系发生上最新的部分，接受皮质-脑桥-小脑束的纤维。而后叶的后部，包括二腹小叶、小脑扁桃体、蚓锥体、蚓垂在种系发生上较早，属旧小脑，接受脊髓小脑束的纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_posterior_lobe_of_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑扁桃体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/小脑扁桃体，左.mp3" englishName="Cerebellar tonsil,L" tip="小脑扁桃体:位于蚓垂两侧并与蚓垂相连，以次裂与二腹小叶为界的小脑部分。
|
||
颅内压增高时，形成小脑扁桃体疝，又称骨大孔疝。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_tonsil_of_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧小脑蚓" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/小脑蚓，左.mp3" englishName="Vermis,left side,L" tip="位置：小脑中线区，连接左右小脑半球。
|
||
功能：协调躯干及近端肌肉运动(平衡与姿势)。
|
||
临床意义：损伤导致共济失调(步态不稳)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/left_cerebellum/SM_vermis_cerebelli">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name=" 右侧小脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧小脑前叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脑前叶，右.mp3" englishName="Cerebellum,anterior lobe，R" tip="小脑前叶:又称“脊髓小脑(Spinocerebellum)”。位于小脑上面原裂以前的脑叶。主要接受脊髓小脑束的纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_anterior_lobe_of_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name=" 右侧小脑活树" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脑活树，右.mp3" englishName="Arbor vitae,R" tip="小脑的表层为灰质称小脑皮质，深部为白质，白质呈树枝状伸入小脑各叶片，称小脑活树。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_arbor_vitae_cerebelli">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧小脑脚" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脑脚，右.mp3" englishName="Cerebellar peduncle,R" tip="小脑脚:联系小脑和小脑以外其他脑区的传入、传出纤维主要组成三对小脑脚:小脑上、中、下脚。 小脑下脚:又称绳状体,连于小脑和延髓、脊髓之间。
|
||
包含小脑的传入纤维和传出纤维两部分。传入纤维包括:起于前庭神经、前庭神经核、延髓下橄榄核、延髓网状结构进入小脑的纤维，脊髓小脑后束及楔小脑束的纤维，
|
||
传出纤维包括;发自绒球和部分小脑蚓部皮质，止于前庭神经核的小脑前庭纤维;起于顶核，止于延髓的顶核延髓束纤维(包括顶核前庭纤维和顶核网状纤维)
|
||
小脑中脚:又称脑桥臂，最粗大，位于最外侧，连于小脑和脑桥之间。其主要成分为小脑传入纤维，且几乎全部由对侧脑桥核发出的脑桥小脑纤维构成，仅少许脑桥网状核到小脑皮质的纤维f小脑传出纤维非常稀少，为小脑至脑桥的纤维。 小脑上脚:又称结合臂，连于小脑和中脑、间脑之间。
|
||
其主要成分为起自小脑中央核，止于对侧红核和背侧丘脑的小脑传出纤维，小脑传入纤维主要有脊髓小脑前束、三叉小脑束及起自顶益和红核的顶盖小脑束、红核小脑束等" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_cerebellar_peduncles">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧绒球" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/绒球，右.mp3" englishName="Flocculus,R" tip="绒球:位于小脑下蚓小结两侧的球形结构。
|
||
以绒球脚与小结相连，共同组成绒球小结叶。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_flocculus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧小脑后叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脑后叶，右.mp3" englishName="Cerebellum,posterior lobe，R" tip="小脑后叶:又称“新小脑(Neocerebellum)”,“大脑小脑”。原裂以后的部分。其中，上半月小叶、下半月小叶、蚓叶、和蚓结节为种系发生上最新的部分，接受皮质-脑桥-小脑束的纤维。而后叶的后部，包括二腹小叶、小脑扁桃体、蚓锥体、蚓垂在种系发生上较早，属旧小脑，接受脊髓小脑束的纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_posterior_lobe_of_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧小脑扁桃体" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脑扁桃体，右.mp3" englishName="Cerebellar tonsil,R" tip="小脑扁桃体:位于蚓垂两侧并与蚓垂相连，以次裂与二腹小叶为界的小脑部分。
|
||
颅内压增高时，形成小脑扁桃体疝，又称骨大孔疝。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_tonsil_of_cerebellum">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧小脑蚓" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/小脑蚓，右.mp3" englishName="Vermis,right side，R" tip="位置：小脑中线区，连接左右小脑半球。
|
||
功能：协调躯干及近端肌肉运动(平衡与姿势)。
|
||
临床意义：损伤导致共济失调(步态不稳)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_cerebellum/SM_right_cerebellum/SM_vermis_cerebelli">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="间脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧间脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="前连合" audio="YinPin1489/前连合，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior commissure,L" tip="前连合:在终板上方横过中线的一束连合纤维，主要连接两侧题，有小部分联系两侧嗅球。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_anterior_commissure">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑间粘合" audio="YinPin1489/丘脑间粘合，左.mp3" englishName="Interthalamic adhesion,L" tip="丘脑间粘合，又称中间块，位于第三脑室内，室间孔的后方;属于丘脑中间核群，内含神经元和神经纤维;具体功能目前尚未完全明确，可能与情感，行为等相关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_interthalamic_adhesion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑左侧下核群" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑前核" audio="YinPin1489/下丘脑前核，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior nucleus (anterior hypothalamic area),L" tip="下丘脑前核:视上区内侧带除视上核和旁视核以外的散在细胞群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑弓状核" audio="YinPin1489/下丘脑弓状核，左.mp3" englishName="Arcuate nucleus,L" tip="下丘脑弓状核:在人类又称“漏斗核”位于结节区的室周带内，第三脑室的腹侧，垂体柄后上方的神经核。可产生各种神经肽作为释放激素或抑制释放激素，通过结节漏斗束释放到垂体门脉系统，调节腺垂体不同激素的分泌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_arcuate_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑背侧区" audio="YinPin2/下丘脑背侧区.mp3" englishName="Dorsal hypothalamic area" tip="功能：参与体温调节与昼夜节律。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_dorsal_hypothalamic_area">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑背内侧核" englishName="Dorsomedial nucleus" tip="背内侧核:位于结节区内侧带背侧部的神经核。
|
||
腹内侧核的背侧，主要与内脏和情感活动有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_dorsomedial_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑外侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/下丘脑外侧核，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral nucleus (lateral hypothalamic area),L" tip="位于下丘脑的外侧区，在视交叉和乳头体之间。它由大量密集的神经细胞构成，这些神经细胞通过复杂的神经纤维与大脑其他区域，如杏仁核、海马体、脑干等建立广泛的联系，形成一个复杂的神经调控网络。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_lateral_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="视前外侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/视前外侧核，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral preoptic nucleus,L" tip="视前外侧核:位于视前外侧区的神经核。细胞散在分布，由于该区内有前脑内侧束经过，故认为此核团为前脑内侧束的中介核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_lateral_preoptic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="视前内侧核" audio="YinPin1489/视前内侧核，左.mp3" englishName="Medial preoptic nucleus,L" tip="视前内侧核:视前内侧区的尾侧部细胞密集形成的神经核。此核有性别差异，为雌雄同质异性，雄性者远比雌性者大。此核对腺垂体的促性腺激素有调控作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_medial_preoptic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="室旁核" audio="YinPin1489/室旁核，左.mp3" englishName="Paraventricular nucleus,L" tip="室旁核:下丘脑内最显著的核团。
|
||
靠近室周灰质，呈长楔形，细胞密集，可分为大细胞部和小细胞部。大细胞分泌加压素和催产素，通过室旁垂体束运送至神经垂体;小细胞可合成促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素或促甲状腺素释放激素" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_paraventricular_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑后核" audio="YinPin2/下丘脑后核.mp3" englishName="Anterior nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area)" tip="功能：调控交感神经活动(应激反应)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_posterior_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="视交叉上核" audio="YinPin1489/视交叉上核，左.mp3" englishName="Suprachiasmatic nucleus,L" tip="视交叉上核:位于视交叉上方的一小圆形核团,接受视觉纤维，光照可引起此核兴奋，参与昼夜节律和体内生物钟的调
|
||
节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_suprachiasmatic_nucleus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="视上核" audio="YinPin1489/视上核，左.mp3" englishName="Supraoptic nucleus，L" tip="视上核:下丘脑中的另一最明显的核团。跨越视束的前段，横贯内、外侧带。可分泌后叶加压素和催产素，通过视上垂体束运送至神经垂体。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_supraoptic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧腹内侧核" audio="YinPin1489/腹内侧核，左.mp3" englishName="Ventromedial nucleus,L" tip="腹内侧核:位于结节区内侧带腹侧部的神经核。
|
||
此核参与调节摄食等内脏和情感活动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_ventromedial_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左下丘脑" englishName=" left inferior hypothalamus" tip="下丘脑位于下丘脑沟的腹侧，构成第三脑室侧壁的下份和底壁。从脑的底面看，下丘脑从前向后包括:视交叉、灰结节和乳头体。下丘脑从前向后分为4区，分别为视前区(位于视交叉前缘)、视上区(位于视交叉上方)、结节区(位于灰结节内及其上方)和乳头区(位于乳头体内及其上方)
|
||
由内向外分为三带:室周带(位于第三脑室室管膜下的薄层灰质)、内侧带和外侧带(以穹隆柱和乳头丘脑束分界)下丘脑主要核团有:位于视上区的视交叉上核、室旁核、视上核和前核，位于结节区的漏斗核(哺乳动物又称弓状核)、背内侧核和腹内侧核，位于乳头体区的乳头体核和后核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_inferior_hypothalamus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧视交叉" tip="视交叉:由双侧视神经纤维进颅后交叉而成的结构。
|
||
呈扁长方形，位于蝶骨体的视交叉沟上。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_optical_chiasm">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧垂体" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_pituitary_gland">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="漏斗" audio="YinPin1489/漏斗，左.mp3" englishName="Infundibulum，L" tip="漏斗:位于下丘脑视交叉和乳头体之间，灰结节向脑垂体延伸的漏斗状结构。
|
||
其下端与垂体相接。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_pituitary_gland/SM_infundibulum">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="神经垂体" audio="YinPin1489/神经垂体，左.mp3" englishName="Neurohypophysis,L" tip="神经垂体位于脑垂体后部，它主要由下丘脑束的无髓神经纤维由神经胶质分化而成的神经垂体细胞所组成。这些神经纤维由下丘脑的视上核与室旁核发出，经过漏斗进入神经垂体。神经垂体没有腺细胞，但含有丰富的毛细血管，来自下丘脑的神经纤维末梢终止在毛细血管壁上，
|
||
经研究证明由神经垂体释放的催产素和升压素是在下丘脑合成的，下丘脑的视上核与室旁核均能产生催产素与升压素，但视上核以合成升压素为主，而室旁核以催产素为主。这两种激素都是在下丘脑先合成激素原，并与同时合成的神经垂体激素的运载蛋白形成复合物。这种激素运载蛋白复合物被包在小颗粒状的囊泡里，沿下丘脑-垂体束的无髓神经纤维的轴浆移动到神经末梢，贮存在神经垂体。在受到适宜刺激时由神经垂体释放出来透过毛细血管进入血液中，因此可以把下丘脑的视上核、室旁核和神经垂体一起看作是一个完整的分泌单位。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_pituitary_gland/SM_neurohypophysis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="远侧部" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/远侧部，左.mp3" englishName="Pars distalis,L" tip="垂体:位于丘脑下部的腹侧，为一卵圆形小体。是身体内最复杂的内分泌腺，所产生的激素不但与身体骨骼和软组织的生长有关，且可影响内分泌腺的活动。垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分。
|
||
神经垂体由神经部和漏斗部组成。垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑，呈椭圆形,位于颅中窝、蝶骨体上面的垂体窝内，外包坚韧的硬脑膜,位于前方的腺垂体来自胚胎口凹顶的上皮囊(Rathke囊)，腺垂体包括远侧部、结节部和中间部;位于后方的神经垂体较小，由第三脑室底向下突出形成。成人垂体大小约为1*1.5*0.5厘米，重约0.5-0.6克，妇女妊娠期可稍大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_pituitary_gland/SM_pars_distalis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中间部" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中间部，左.mp3" englishName="Pars intermedialis,L" tip="垂体:位于丘脑下部的腹侧，为一卵圆形小体。是身体内最复杂的内分泌腺，所产生的激素不但与身体骨骼和软组织的生长有关，且可影响内分泌腺的活动。垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分。
|
||
神经垂体由神经部和漏斗部组成。垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑，呈椭圆形,位于颅中窝、蝶骨体上面的垂体窝内，外包坚韧的硬脑膜,位于前方的腺垂体来自胚胎口凹顶的上皮囊(Rathke囊)，腺垂体包括远侧部、结节部和中间部;位于后方的神经垂体较小，由第三脑室底向下突出形成。成人垂体大小约为1*1.5*0.5厘米，重约0.5-0.8克，妇女妊娠期可稍大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_pituitary_gland/SM_pars_intermedia">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="结节部" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/结节部，左.mp3" englishName="Pars tuberalis，L" tip="垂体:位于丘脑下部的腹侧，为一卵圆形小体。是身体内最复杂的内分泌腺，所产生的激素不但与身体骨骼和软组织的生长有关，且可影响内分泌腺的活动。垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分。
|
||
神经垂体由神经部和漏斗部组成。垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑，呈椭圆形,位于颅中窝、蝶骨体上面的垂体窝内，外包坚韧的硬脑膜,位于前方的腺垂体来自胚胎口凹顶的上皮囊(Rathke囊)，腺垂体包括远侧部、结节部和中间部;位于后方的神经垂体较小，由第三脑室底向下突出形成。成人垂体大小约为1*1.5*0.5厘米，重约0.5-0.7克，妇女妊娠期可稍大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_pituitary_gland/SM_pars_tuberalis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧丘脑核群" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="丘脑前核群" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/丘脑前核群，左.mp3" englishName="Anterior thalamic nucleus,L" tip="丘脑前核群:位于丘脑前结节的深面，亦即“”形内髓板前端两臂之间的神经核群。
|
||
接受乳头丘脑束，发出纤维至扣带回，是下丘脑和扣带回之间的中继站，与内脏活动有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_anterior_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑外侧核群" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/丘脑外侧核群，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral thalamic nuclei,L" tip="丘脑外侧核群:位于内、外髓版之间的神经核团。其前后径几乎与丘脑的前后径等长。外侧核群又可分为背侧组、腹侧组和后部的丘脑枕。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_lateral_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑内侧核群" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/丘脑内侧核群，左.mp3" englishName="Medial thalamic nuclei，L" tip="丘脑内侧核群:位于内髓板与中线核群之间的核群。
|
||
向前伸达前腹侧核，后方接中央中核和束旁核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_medial_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/枕核，左.mp3" englishName="Pulvinar,L" tip="枕核:丘脑内最大的核团。
|
||
在灵长类最发达，占丘脑灰质团块的1/4。与大脑皮质、上丘和顶盖前区、扣带回、颞叶、纹状体等有广泛联系。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_pulvinar_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧丘脑外形" tip="丘脑:又称背侧丘脑，由一对卵圆形的灰质团块组成，借丘脑间黏合相连，其前端突起称丘脑前结节，后端膨大称丘脑枕，背面的外侧缘与端脑尾状核之间隔有丘脑终纹。两侧背侧丘脑之间为第三脑室，第三脑室侧壁有一自室间孔走上中脑水管上端的浅沟，称下丘脑沟，为背侧丘脑与下丘脑的分界线。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_left_thalamus_external_shape">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="松果体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/松果体，左.mp3" englishName="Pineal gland，L" tip="松果体为内分泌腺，16岁以后，松果体钙化，可作为X线诊断颅内占位病变的定位标志。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_pineal_body">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/丘脑，左.mp3" englishName="Thalamus,L" tip="丘脑:又称“背侧丘脑”，由一对卵圆形的灰质团块组成，借丘脑间黏合相连，其前端突起称丘脑前结节，后端膨大称丘脑枕，背面的外侧缘与端脑尾状核之间隔有丘脑终纹。两侧背侧丘脑之间为第三脑室，第三脑室侧壁有一自室间孔走上中脑水管上端的浅沟，称下丘脑沟，为背侧丘脑与下丘脑的分界线。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_left_diencephalon/SM_thalamus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧间脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="前连合" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/前连合，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior commissure,R" tip="前连合:在终板上方横过中线的一束连合纤维，主要连接两侧题，有小部分联系两侧嗅球。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_anterior_commissure">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑间粘合" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/丘脑间粘合，右.mp3" englishName="Interthalamic adhesion,R" tip="丘脑间粘合，又称中间块，位于第三脑室内，室间孔的后方;属于丘脑中间核群，内含神经元和神经纤维;具体功能目前尚未完全明确，可能与情感，行为等相关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_interthalamic_adhesion">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="松果体" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/松果体,右.mp3" englishName="Pineal gland，R" tip="松果体为内分泌腺，16岁以后，松果体钙化，可作为X线诊断颅内占位病变的定位标志。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_pineal_body">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右下丘脑核群" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑前核" englishName="Anterior nucleus (anterior hypothalamic area),R" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/下丘脑前核，右.mp3" tip="下丘脑前核:视上区内侧带除视上核和旁视核以外的散在细胞群。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑弓状核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/下丘脑弓状核，右.mp3" englishName="Arcuate nucleus,R" tip="下丘脑弓状核:在人类又称“漏斗核”位于结节区的室周带内，第三脑室的腹侧，垂体柄后上方的神经核。可产生各种神经肽作为释放激素或抑制释放激素，通过结节漏斗束释放到垂体门脉系统，调节腺垂体不同激素的分泌。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_arcuate_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑背侧区" audio="YinPin2/下丘脑背侧区.mp3" englishName="Dorsal hypothalamic area" tip="功能：参与体温调节与昼夜节律。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_dorsal_hypothalamic_area">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑背内侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/背内侧核，右.mp3" englishName="Dorsomedial nucleus，R" tip="背内侧核:位于结节区内侧带背侧部的神经核。
|
||
腹内侧核的背侧，主要与内脏和情感活动有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_dorsomedial_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑外侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/下丘脑外侧核,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral nucleus (lateral hypothalamic area)，R" tip="位于下丘脑的外侧区，在视交叉和乳头体之间。它由大量密集的神经细胞构成，这些神经细胞通过复杂的神经纤维与大脑其他区域，如杏仁核、海马体、脑干等建立广泛的联系，形成一个复杂的神经调控网络。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_lateral_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="视前外侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/视前外侧核,右.mp3" englishName="Lateral preoptic nucleus，R" tip="视前外侧核:位于视前外侧区的神经核。细胞散在分布，由于该区内有前脑内侧束经过，故认为此核团为前脑内侧束的中介核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_lateral_preoptic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="视前内侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/视前内侧核，右.mp3" englishName="Medial preoptic nucleus,R" tip="视前内侧核:视前内侧区的尾侧部细胞密集形成的神经核。此核有性别差异，为雌雄同质异性，雄性者远比雌性者大。此核对腺垂体的促性腺激素有调控作用。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_medial_preoptic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="室旁核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/室旁核，右.mp3" englishName="Paraventricular nucleus,R" tip="室旁核:下丘脑内最显著的核团。
|
||
靠近室周灰质，呈长楔形，细胞密集，可分为大细胞部和小细胞部。大细胞分泌加压素和催产素，通过室旁垂体束运送至神经垂体;小细胞可合成促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素或促甲状腺素释放激素" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_paraventricular_nucleus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="下丘脑后核" audio="YinPin2/下丘脑后核.mp3" englishName="Anterior nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area)" tip="功能：调控交感神经活动(应激反应)。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_posterior_hypothalamic_nucleus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="视交叉上核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/视交叉上核，右.mp3" englishName="Suprachiasmatic nucleus,R" tip="视交叉上核:位于视交叉上方的一小圆形核团,接受视觉纤维，光照可引起此核兴奋，参与昼夜节律和体内生物钟的调
|
||
节。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_suprachiasmatic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="视上核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/视上核，右.mp3" englishName="Supraoptic nucleus,R" tip="视上核:下丘脑中的另一最明显的核团。跨越视束的前段，横贯内、外侧带。可分泌后叶加压素和催产素，通过视上垂体束运送至神经垂体。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_supraoptic_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧腹内侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/腹内侧核，右.mp3" englishName="Ventromedial nucleus,R" tip="腹内侧核:位于结节区内侧带腹侧部的神经核。
|
||
此核参与调节摄食等内脏和情感活动。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamic_nucleus_group/SM_ventromedial_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右下丘脑" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/右下丘脑.mp3" englishName=" right inferior hypothalamus" tip="下丘脑位于下丘脑沟的腹侧，构成第三脑室侧壁的下份和底壁。从脑的底面看，下丘脑从前向后包括:视交叉、灰结节和乳头体。下丘脑从前向后分为4区，分别为视前区(位于视交叉前缘)、视上区(位于视交叉上方)、结节区(位于灰结节内及其上方)和乳头区(位于乳头体内及其上方)
|
||
由内向外分为三带:室周带(位于第三脑室室管膜下的薄层灰质)、内侧带和外侧带(以穹隆柱和乳头丘脑束分界)下丘脑主要核团有:位于视上区的视交叉上核、室旁核、视上核和前核，位于结节区的漏斗核(哺乳动物又称弓状核)、背内侧核和腹内侧核，位于乳头体区的乳头体核和后核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_inferior_hypothalamus">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧视交叉" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/右侧视交叉.mp3" englishName="Optic chiasm,right side,R" tip="视交叉:由双侧视神经纤维进颅后交叉而成的结构。
|
||
呈扁长方形，位于蝶骨体的视交叉沟上。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_optical_chiasm">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧垂体" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_pituitary_gland">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="漏斗" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/漏斗，右.mp3" englishName="Infundibulum,R" tip="漏斗:位于下丘脑视交叉和乳头体之间，灰结节向脑垂体延伸的漏斗状结构。
|
||
其下端与垂体相接。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_pituitary_gland/SM_infundibulum">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="神经垂体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/神经垂体，右.mp3" englishName="Neurohypophysis,R" tip="神经垂体位于脑垂体后部，它主要由下丘脑束的无髓神经纤维由神经胶质分化而成的神经垂体细胞所组成。这些神经纤维由下丘脑的视上核与室旁核发出，经过漏斗进入神经垂体。神经垂体没有腺细胞，但含有丰富的毛细血管，来自下丘脑的神经纤维末梢终止在毛细血管壁上，
|
||
经研究证明由神经垂体释放的催产素和升压素是在下丘脑合成的，下丘脑的视上核与室旁核均能产生催产素与升压素，但视上核以合成升压素为主，而室旁核以催产素为主。这两种激素都是在下丘脑先合成激素原，并与同时合成的神经垂体激素的运载蛋白形成复合物。这种激素运载蛋白复合物被包在小颗粒状的囊泡里，沿下丘脑-垂体束的无髓神经纤维的轴浆移动到神经末梢，贮存在神经垂体。在受到适宜刺激时由神经垂体释放出来透过毛细血管进入血液中，因此可以把下丘脑的视上核、室旁核和神经垂体一起看作是一个完整的分泌单位。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_pituitary_gland/SM_neurohypophysis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="远侧部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/远侧部,右.mp3" englishName="Pars distalis，R" tip="垂体:位于丘脑下部的腹侧，为一卵圆形小体。是身体内最复杂的内分泌腺，所产生的激素不但与身体骨骼和软组织的生长有关，且可影响内分泌腺的活动。垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分。
|
||
神经垂体由神经部和漏斗部组成。垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑，呈椭圆形,位于颅中窝、蝶骨体上面的垂体窝内，外包坚韧的硬脑膜,位于前方的腺垂体来自胚胎口凹顶的上皮囊(Rathke囊)，腺垂体包括远侧部、结节部和中间部;位于后方的神经垂体较小，由第三脑室底向下突出形成。成人垂体大小约为1*1.5*0.5厘米，重约0.5-0.6克，妇女妊娠期可稍大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_pituitary_gland/SM_pars_distalis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中间部" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中间部，右.mp3" englishName="Pars intermedialis,R" tip="垂体:位于丘脑下部的腹侧，为一卵圆形小体。是身体内最复杂的内分泌腺，所产生的激素不但与身体骨骼和软组织的生长有关，且可影响内分泌腺的活动。垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分。
|
||
神经垂体由神经部和漏斗部组成。垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑，呈椭圆形,位于颅中窝、蝶骨体上面的垂体窝内，外包坚韧的硬脑膜,位于前方的腺垂体来自胚胎口凹顶的上皮囊(Rathke囊)，腺垂体包括远侧部、结节部和中间部;位于后方的神经垂体较小，由第三脑室底向下突出形成。成人垂体大小约为1*1.5*0.5厘米，重约0.5-0.8克，妇女妊娠期可稍大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_pituitary_gland/SM_pars_intermedia">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="结节部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/结节部,右.mp3" englishName="Pars tuberalis,R" tip="垂体:位于丘脑下部的腹侧，为一卵圆形小体。是身体内最复杂的内分泌腺，所产生的激素不但与身体骨骼和软组织的生长有关，且可影响内分泌腺的活动。垂体可分为腺垂体和神经垂体两大部分。
|
||
神经垂体由神经部和漏斗部组成。垂体借漏斗连于下丘脑，呈椭圆形,位于颅中窝、蝶骨体上面的垂体窝内，外包坚韧的硬脑膜,位于前方的腺垂体来自胚胎口凹顶的上皮囊(Rathke囊)，腺垂体包括远侧部、结节部和中间部;位于后方的神经垂体较小，由第三脑室底向下突出形成。成人垂体大小约为1*1.5*0.5厘米，重约0.5-0.7克，妇女妊娠期可稍大。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_pituitary_gland/SM_pars_tuberalis">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧丘脑核群" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="丘脑前核群" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/丘脑前核群，右.mp3" englishName="Anterior thalamic nucleus,R" tip="丘脑前核群:位于丘脑前结节的深面，亦即“”形内髓板前端两臂之间的神经核群。
|
||
接受乳头丘脑束，发出纤维至扣带回，是下丘脑和扣带回之间的中继站，与内脏活动有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_anterior_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑外侧核群" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/丘脑外侧核群，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral thalamic nuclei，R" tip="丘脑外侧核群:位于内、外髓版之间的神经核团。其前后径几乎与丘脑的前后径等长。外侧核群又可分为背侧组、腹侧组和后部的丘脑枕。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_lateral_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑内侧核群" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/丘脑内侧核群，右.mp3" englishName="Medial thalamic nuclei，R" tip="丘脑内侧核群:位于内髓板与中线核群之间的核群。
|
||
向前伸达前腹侧核，后方接中央中核和束旁核。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_medial_thalamic_nuclei_group">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="枕核" englishName="Pulvinar，R" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/枕核，右.mp3" tip="位置：丘脑后部，连接顶叶与颞叶。
|
||
功能：整合视觉与听觉信息。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_thalamic_nuclei_group/SM_pulvinar_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧丘脑外形" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/右侧丘脑外形.mp3" englishName="External features of right thalamus，R" tip="丘脑:又称背侧丘脑，由一对卵圆形的灰质团块组成，借丘脑间黏合相连，其前端突起称丘脑前结节，后端膨大称丘脑枕，背面的外侧缘与端脑尾状核之间隔有丘脑终纹。两侧背侧丘脑之间为第三脑室，第三脑室侧壁有一自室间孔走上中脑水管上端的浅沟，称下丘脑沟，为背侧丘脑与下丘脑的分界线。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_right_thalamus_external_shape">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="丘脑" englishName="Thalamus,R" tip="丘脑:又称“背侧丘脑”，由一对卵圆形的灰质团块组成，借丘脑间黏合相连，其前端突起称丘脑前结节，后端膨大称丘脑枕，背面的外侧缘与端脑尾状核之间隔有丘脑终纹。两侧背侧丘脑之间为第三脑室，第三脑室侧壁有一自室间孔走上中脑水管上端的浅沟，称下丘脑沟，为背侧丘脑与下丘脑的分界线。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_diencephalon/SM_right_diencephalon/SM_thalamus">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="端脑" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧基底核" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_basal_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧尾状核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/尾状核，左.mp3" englishName="Caudate nucleus,L" tip="尾状核:是由前向后弯曲的圆柱体，分为头、体、尾三部，位于丘脑背外侧，伸延于侧脑室前角、中央部和下角。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_basal_nucleus/SM_caudate_nucleus_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧苍白球外侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/苍白球外侧核，左.mp3" englishName="Globus pallidus,lateral,L" tip="苍白球外侧核:内髓板以外的苍白球部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_basal_nucleus/SM_lateral_globus_pallidus_nucleus_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧苍白球内侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/苍白球内侧核，左.mp3" englishName="Globus pallidus,medial,L" tip="苍自球内侧核:内髓板以内的苍白球部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_basal_nucleus/SM_medial_globus_pallidus_nucleus_l">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧壳" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/壳，左.mp3" englishName="Putamen,L" tip="壳:豆状核的外髓板以外的部分。在发生上晚于内侧部分，其结构和功能均与尾状核相似，两者共称为新纹状体。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_basal_nucleus/SM_putamen_l">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧大脑半球" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央沟" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中央沟，左.mp3" englishName="Central sulcus (fissure of rolando),L" tip="中央沟:起于半球上缘中点稍后方，斜向前下方，下端与外侧沟隔一脑回，上端延伸至半球内侧面。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_central_sulcus_l">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧扣带回" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/扣带回，左.mp3" englishName="Cingulate gyrus (limbic lobe),L" tip="扣带回:介于胼胝体沟与扣带沟之间的脑回。
|
||
构成边缘叶的主要部分，可能与内脏活动有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_cingulate_gyrus_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧胼胝体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/胼胝体，左.mp3" englishName="Corpus callosum,L" tip="胼胝体:位于大脑纵裂底，由连合左、右半球新皮质的纤维构成，其纤维向两半球内部前、后、左、右辐射，广泛联系额、顶、枕、颞叶。在正中矢状切面上，胼胝体很厚。前端呈钩形的纤维板，由前往后可分为嘴、膝、干和压部四部分。
|
||
胼胝体膝部的纤维弯向前，连接两侧额叶的前部称为额钳;经胼胝体干的纤维连接两侧额叶的后部和顶叶;经胼骶体压部的纤维弯向后连接两侧颡叶和枕叶称枕钳。胼胝体的下面构成侧脑室顶。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_corpus_callosum_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧额叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/额叶，左.mp3" englishName="Frontal lobe,L" tip="额叶:大脑外侧沟上方、中央沟以前的部分。
|
||
主要与运动功能、精神活动及嗅觉等有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_frontal_lobe_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧岛叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/岛叶，左.mp3" englishName="Insular lobe,L" tip="岛叶:又称“脑岛”
|
||
位于大脑外侧沟底的大脑叶。完全被额、顶、颞叶的皮质覆盖" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_insular_lobe_l">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧外侧沟" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/外侧沟，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral sulcus,L" tip="外侧沟:起自半球下面的前穿质，经题极前方转至上外侧面的沟。为大脑最明显和最深的沟，近似水平位，沟以上为额叶和顶叶，以下为颞叶。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_lateral_sulcus_l">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧边缘叶" englishName="Limbic lobe,L" tip="边缘叶:位于胼胝体周围和侧脑室下角底壁上的一些结构，主要包括扣带回、扣带回峡、海马旁回、海马旁回钩以及海马结构等。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_limbic_lobe_l">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧枕叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/枕叶，左.mp3" englishName="Occipital lobe,L" tip="枕叶:顶枕线以后的部分。
|
||
主要与视觉功能有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_occipital_lobe_l">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧顶叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/顶叶，左.mp3" englishName="Parietal lobe,L" tip="前界为中央沟，后界为顶枕线(顶枕沟上端与枕前切迹的连线)，下界为外侧沟及其延长线的大脑叶。
|
||
主要与感觉和文字理解功能有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_parietal_lobe_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧顶枕沟" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/顶枕沟，左.mp3" englishName="Parietooccipital sulcus,L" tip="顶枕沟:位于大脑半球内侧面后部的沟。
|
||
起自距状沟，至半球上缘。是顶叶与枕叶的分界。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_parieto_occipital_sulcus_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央后回" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中央后回，左.mp3" englishName="Postcentral gyrus,L" tip="中央后回:中央沟与中叶后沟之间的脑回。
|
||
上端转入半球内侧面，主管对侧半身(小腿与足除外)的感觉功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_postcentral_gyrus_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央前回" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中央前回，左.mp3" englishName="Precentral gyrus,L" tip="中央前回:中央沟与中央前沟之间的脑回。
|
||
上端转入半球内侧面，主管对侧半身(小腿与足除外)的运动功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_precentral_gyrus_l">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧颞叶" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/颞叶，左.mp3" englishName="Temporal lobe,L" tip="颞叶:大脑外侧沟以下的部分。
|
||
其后部以顶枕线为界，主要与听觉、语言理解和记忆等功能有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_temporal_lobe_l">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧边缘系统" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧杏仁体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/杏仁体，左.mp3" englishName="Amygdala,L" tip="位置：颞叶内侧，边缘系统核心。
|
||
功能：情绪处理(恐惧、焦虑)与记忆强化。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_amygdala_left">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧齿状回" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/齿状回，左.mp3" englishName="Dentate gyrus,L" tip="齿状回:海马伞内侧的窄而呈锯齿状的条形皮质。
|
||
属原皮质。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_dentate_gyrus_left">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧穹窿" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/穹窿，左.mp3" englishName="Fornix,L" tip="穹隆:是由海马至下丘脑乳头体的弓形纤维束，两侧弯隆经胼胝体的下方前行并互相靠近，其中一部分纤维越至对边，连接对侧的海马，称穹隆连合。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_fornix__left">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧海马回" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/海马回，左.mp3" englishName="Hippocampus,L" tip="海马回:又称“海马旁回”。
|
||
位于海马沟与侧副沟和嗅脑之间的脑回。向前延续为沟，向后连接扣带回峡，是构成边缘叶的主要部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_hippocampal_gyrus_left">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧灰被" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/灰被，左.mp3" englishName="Indusium griseum,L" tip="灰被:即胼胝体上回，是被盖于胼胝体背面的一层灰质，向外移行于扣带回皮质。
|
||
灰被背面有内侧纵纹和外侧纵纹。灰被向后延续为束状回。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_indusium_griseum_left">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧乳头体" audio="YinPin1489/乳头体，左.mp3" englishName="Mammillary body,L" tip="乳头体:与杏仁体一样是组成大脑边缘系统的一部分，间脑的结构，为一对，从脑干的腹侧面可观察到，在垂体下方，两大脑脚之间，与情绪运作有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_mammillary_body_left">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="左侧隔核" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/隔核，左.mp3" englishName="Septal nucleus,L" tip="隔区:位于胼胝体嘴的下方，包括胼胝体下区和终板旁回，在胼胝体下区的前外部深陷于沟内称前海马原基，隔核是隔区的皮质下核团，它接受穹隆、终纹、前穿质、扣带回以及前脑内侧束的中脑网状结构上行纤维。
|
||
发出纤维投射到边缘系统各部皮质，也投射到脑干网状结构，被认为是各种冲动整合中枢，是边缘系统重要核团之一，当刺激或损毁隔核时，可见动物愤怒反应、进食、性及生殖行为的改变。也有研究认为隔核与学习、记忆关系密切。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_left_limbic_system/SM_septal_nuclei_left">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧基底核" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_basal_nucleus">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧尾状核" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/尾状核，右.mp3" englishName="Caudate nucleus,R" tip="尾状核:是由前向后弯曲的圆柱体，分为头、体、尾三部，位于丘脑背外侧，伸延于侧脑室前角、中央部和下角。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_basal_nucleus/SM_caudate_nucleus_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧苍白球外侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/苍白球外侧核，右.mp3" englishName="Globus pallidus,lateral,R" tip="苍白球外侧核:内髓板以外的苍白球部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_basal_nucleus/SM_lateral_globus_pallidus_nucleus_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧苍白球内侧核" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/苍白球内侧核，右.mp3" englishName="Globus pallidus,medial,R" tip="苍自球内侧核:内髓板以内的苍白球部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_basal_nucleus/SM_medial_globus_pallidus_nucleus_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧壳" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/壳，右.mp3" englishName="Putamen,R" tip="壳:豆状核的外髓板以外的部分。在发生上晚于内侧部分，其结构和功能均与尾状核相似，两者共称为新纹状体。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_basal_nucleus/SM_putamen_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧大脑半球" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧中央沟" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中央沟，右.mp3" englishName="Central sulcus (fissure of rolando),R" tip="中央沟:起于半球上缘中点稍后方，斜向前下方，下端与外侧沟隔一脑回，上端延伸至半球内侧面。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_central_sulcus_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧扣带回" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/扣带回，右.mp3" englishName="Cingulate gyrus (limbic lobe),R" tip="扣带回:介于胼胝体沟与扣带沟之间的脑回。
|
||
构成边缘叶的主要部分，可能与内脏活动有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_cingulate_gyrus_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧胼胝体" englishName="Corpus callosum,R" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/胼胝体，右.mp3" tip="胼胝体:位于大脑纵裂底，由连合左、右半球新皮质的纤维构成，其纤维向两半球内部前、后、左、右辐射，广泛联系额、顶、枕、颞叶。在正中矢状切面上，胼胝体很厚。前端呈钩形的纤维板，由前往后可分为嘴、膝、干和压部四部分。
|
||
胼胝体膝部的纤维弯向前，连接两侧额叶的前部称为额钳;经胼胝体干的纤维连接两侧额叶的后部和顶叶;经胼骶体压部的纤维弯向后连接两侧颡叶和枕叶称枕钳。胼胝体的下面构成侧脑室顶。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_corpus_callosum_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧额叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/额叶，右.mp3" englishName="Frontal lobe,R" tip="额叶:大脑外侧沟上方、中央沟以前的部分。
|
||
主要与运动功能、精神活动及嗅觉等有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_frontal_lobe_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧岛叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/岛叶，右.mp3" englishName="Insular lobe,R" tip="岛叶:又称“脑岛”
|
||
位于大脑外侧沟底的大脑叶。完全被额、顶、颞叶的皮质覆盖" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_insular_lobe_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧外侧沟" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/外侧沟，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral sulcus,R" tip="外侧沟:起自半球下面的前穿质，经题极前方转至上外侧面的沟。为大脑最明显和最深的沟，近似水平位，沟以上为额叶和顶叶，以下为颞叶。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_lateral_sulcus_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧边缘叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/边缘叶，右.mp3" englishName="Limbic lobe,R" tip="边缘叶:位于胼胝体周围和侧脑室下角底壁上的一些结构，主要包括扣带回、扣带回峡、海马旁回、海马旁回钩以及海马结构等。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_limbic_lobe_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧枕叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/枕叶，右.mp3" englishName="Occipital lobe,R" tip="枕叶:顶枕线以后的部分。
|
||
主要与视觉功能有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_occipital_lobe_r">
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧顶叶" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/顶叶，右.mp3" englishName="Parietal lobe,R" tip="前界为中央沟，后界为顶枕线(顶枕沟上端与枕前切迹的连线)，下界为外侧沟及其延长线的大脑叶。
|
||
主要与感觉和文字理解功能有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_parietal_lobe_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧顶枕沟" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/顶枕沟，右.mp3" englishName="Parietooccipital sulcus,R" tip="顶枕沟:位于大脑半球内侧面后部的沟。
|
||
起自距状沟，至半球上缘。是顶叶与枕叶的分界。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_parieto_occipital_sulcus_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中央后回" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中央后回，右.mp3" englishName="Postcentral gyrus,R" tip="中央后回:中央沟与中叶后沟之间的脑回。
|
||
上端转入半球内侧面，主管对侧半身(小腿与足除外)的感觉功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_postcentral_gyrus_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中央前回" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中央前回，右.mp3" englishName="Precentral gyrus,R" tip="中央前回:中央沟与中央前沟之间的脑回。
|
||
上端转入半球内侧面，主管对侧半身(小腿与足除外)的运动功能。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_precentral_gyrus_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧颞叶" englishName="Temporal lobe,R" tip="颞叶:大脑外侧沟以下的部分。
|
||
其后部以顶枕线为界，主要与听觉、语言理解和记忆等功能有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_cerebral_hemisphere/SM_temporal_lobe_r">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧边缘系统" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="右侧杏仁体" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/杏仁体，右.mp3" englishName="Amygdala,R" tip="位置：颞叶内侧，边缘系统核心。
|
||
功能：情绪处理(恐惧、焦虑)与记忆强化。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_amygdala_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧齿状回" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/齿状回，右.mp3" englishName="Dentate gyrus,R" tip="齿状回:海马伞内侧的窄而呈锯齿状的条形皮质。
|
||
属原皮质。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_dentate_gyrus_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧穹窿" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/穹窿，右.mp3" englishName="Fornix" tip="穹隆:是由海马至下丘脑乳头体的弓形纤维束，两侧弯隆经胼胝体的下方前行并互相靠近，其中一部分纤维越至对边，连接对侧的海马，称穹隆连合。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_fornix_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧海马回" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/海马回，右.mp3" englishName="Hippocampus,R" tip="海马回:又称“海马旁回”。
|
||
位于海马沟与侧副沟和嗅脑之间的脑回。向前延续为沟，向后连接扣带回峡，是构成边缘叶的主要部分。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_hippocampal_gyrus_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧灰被" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/灰被，右.mp3" englishName="Indusium griseum,R" tip="灰被:即胼胝体上回，是被盖于胼胝体背面的一层灰质，向外移行于扣带回皮质。
|
||
灰被背面有内侧纵纹和外侧纵纹。灰被向后延续为束状回。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_indusium_griseum_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧乳头体" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/乳头体，右.mp3" englishName="Mammillary body,R" tip="乳头体:与杏仁体一样是组成大脑边缘系统的一部分，间脑的结构，为一对，从脑干的腹侧面可观察到，在垂体下方，两大脑脚之间，与情绪运作有关。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_mammillary_body_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧隔核" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/隔核,右.mp3" englishName="Septal nucleus,R" tip="隔区:位于胼胝体嘴的下方，包括胼胝体下区和终板旁回，在胼胝体下区的前外部深陷于沟内称前海马原基，隔核是隔区的皮质下核团，它接受穹隆、终纹、前穿质、扣带回以及前脑内侧束的中脑网状结构上行纤维。
|
||
发出纤维投射到边缘系统各部皮质，也投射到脑干网状结构，被认为是各种冲动整合中枢，是边缘系统重要核团之一，当刺激或损毁隔核时，可见动物愤怒反应、进食、性及生殖行为的改变。也有研究认为隔核与学习、记忆关系密切。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_telencephalon/SM_right_limbic_system/SM_septal_nuclei_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="中央管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_central_canal">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中央管" audio="YinPin1489/中央管，左.mp3" englishName="Central canal,L" tip="中央管:位于灰质连合中央的细长管道。纵贯脊髓全长。新生儿中央管充满脑脊液，成人中央管官腔不连续，且常闭塞。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_central_canal/SM_central_canal_left">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中央管" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中央管，右.mp3" englishName="Central canal,R" tip="中央管:位于灰质连合中央的细长管道。纵贯脊髓全长。新生儿中央管充满脑脊液，成人中央管官腔不连续，且常闭塞。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_central_canal/SM_central_canal_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="中脑导水管" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_cerebral_aqueduct">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧中脑导水管" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/中脑导水管，左.mp3" englishName="Cerebral aqueduct,L" tip="中脑导水管:中脑内部的管腔。
|
||
内含脑脊液，上通第三脑室，下连第四脑室、" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_cerebral_aqueduct/SM_cerebral_aqueduct_left">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧中脑导水管" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/中脑导水管,右.mp3" englishName="Cerebral aqueduct,R" tip="中脑导水管:中脑内部的管腔。
|
||
内含脑脊液，上通第三脑室，下连第四脑室、" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_cerebral_aqueduct/SM_cerebral_aqueduct_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第四脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧第四脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle/left_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第四脑室中央部" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/第四脑室中央部，左.mp3" englishName="Fourth ventricle,central part，L" tip="第四脑室:小脑与脑桥、延髓之间的空隙,形似尖端向上的帐篷，内含脑脊液，上通中脑水管、下连脊髓中央管室内脑脊液经第四脑室正中孔、外侧孔流入蛛网膜下隙，" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle/left_fourth_ventricle/SM_central_part_of_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第四脑室侧隐窝" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/第四脑室侧隐窝，左.mp3" englishName="Fourth ventricle,lateral recess,L" tip="第四脑室:小脑与脑桥、延髓之间的空隙。形似尖端向上的帐篷，内含脑脊液，上通中脑水管、下连脊髓中央管室内脑脊液经第四脑室正中孔、外侧孔流入蛛网膜下隙。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle/left_fourth_ventricle/SM_lateral_recess_of_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第四脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle/SM_right_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="第四脑室中央部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/第四脑室中央部,右.mp3" englishName="Fourth ventricle,central part,R" tip="第四脑室:小脑与脑桥、延髓之间的空隙,形似尖端向上的帐篷，内含脑脊液，上通中脑水管、下连脊髓中央管室内脑脊液经第四脑室正中孔、外侧孔流入蛛网膜下隙，" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle/SM_right_fourth_ventricle/SM_central_part_of_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第四脑室侧隐窝" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/第四脑室侧隐窝,右.mp3" englishName="Fourth ventricle,lateral recess,R" tip="第四脑室:小脑与脑桥、延髓之间的空隙。形似尖端向上的帐篷，内含脑脊液，上通中脑水管、下连脊髓中央管室内脑脊液经第四脑室正中孔、外侧孔流入蛛网膜下隙。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_fourth_ventricle/SM_right_fourth_ventricle/SM_lateral_recess_of_fourth_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧侧脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_left_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室前角" englishName="Lateral ventricle,frontal (anterior) horn" tip="侧脑室前角:侧脑室入额叶的部分。其前界为胼胝体膝，上壁为胼胝体干，下壁为胼胝体嘴，外侧壁为尾状核头，内侧壁为透明隔，向后延续为中央部并经室间孔与第三脑室相通。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_left_lateral_ventricle/SM_anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室中央部" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/侧脑室中央部，左.mp3" englishName="Lateral ventricle,central part，L" tip="侧脑室中央部:位于顶叶内的侧脑室部分
|
||
自室间孔处始，向后至胼胝体压部下方，近似三角形，上壁为胼胝体干，外下壁为尾状核体和背侧丘脑，内侧壁为穹窿。此部内有脉络从。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_left_lateral_ventricle/SM_central_part_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室下角" englishName="Lateral ventricle,temporal (inferior) horn" tip="侧脑室下角:伸入颞叶中的侧脑室部分。最大，上璧为尾状核尾和终纹，外侧壁为毯、下壁为侧副隆起和海马内有脉络丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_left_lateral_ventricle/SM_inferior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室后角" englishName="Lateral ventricle,occipital (posterior) horn，L" tip="侧脑室后角:伸入枕叶的侧脑室部分。上壁和外侧壁为胼胝体纤维形成的毯，内侧壁为胼胝体钳的纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_left_lateral_ventricle/SM_posterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧侧脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_right_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室前角" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/侧脑室前脚，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral ventricle,frontal (anterior) horn，R" tip="侧脑室前角:侧脑室入额叶的部分。其前界为胼胝体膝，上壁为胼胝体干，下壁为胼胝体嘴，外侧壁为尾状核头，内侧壁为透明隔，向后延续为中央部并经室间孔与第三脑室相通。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_right_lateral_ventricle/SM_anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室中央部" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/侧脑室中央部，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral ventricle,central part" tip="侧脑室中央部:位于顶叶内的侧脑室部分
|
||
自室间孔处始，向后至胼胝体压部下方，近似三角形，上壁为胼胝体干，外下壁为尾状核体和背侧丘脑，内侧壁为穹窿。此部内有脉络从。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_right_lateral_ventricle/SM_central_part_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室下角" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/侧脑室下脚，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral ventricle,temporal (inferior) horn，R" tip="侧脑室下角:伸入颞叶中的侧脑室部分。最大，上璧为尾状核尾和终纹，外侧壁为毯、下壁为侧副隆起和海马内有脉络丛。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_right_lateral_ventricle/SM_inferior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="侧脑室后角" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/侧脑室后脚，右.mp3" englishName="Lateral ventricle,occipital (posterior) horn，R" tip="侧脑室后角:伸入枕叶的侧脑室部分。上壁和外侧壁为胼胝体纤维形成的毯，内侧壁为胼胝体钳的纤维。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_lateral_ventricle/SM_right_lateral_ventricle/SM_posterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="第三脑室" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_third_ventricle">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="左侧第三脑室" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/第三脑室，左.mp3" englishName="Third ventricle,L" tip="第三脑室:间脑内位于中线的矢状裂隙。第三脑室向前借两个室间孔与两侧脑室相通，向后下借中脑导水管与第四脑室相通。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_third_ventricle/SM_third_ventricle_left">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="右侧第三脑室" audio="YinPin3.0(400-500)/第三脑室,右.mp3" englishName="Third ventricle,R" tip="第三脑室:间脑内位于中线的矢状裂隙。第三脑室向前借两个室间孔与两侧脑室相通，向后下借中脑导水管与第四脑室相通。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_brain/SM_ventricle/SM_third_ventricle/SM_third_ventricle_right">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="脑膜" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_meninges">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<Body name="鞍膈" audio="YinPin1489/鞍膈.mp3" englishName="Diaphragma sellae" tip="鞍膈:张于鞍背上缘和鞍结节之间的硬膜隔。
|
||
覆盖垂体，膈中央有孔，供垂体柄通过。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_meninges/SM_diaphragma_sellae">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="硬脑膜" audio="YinPin1489/硬脑膜，右.mp3" englishName=" Cerebral dura mater" tip="硬脑膜:坚韧而有光泽，由两层合成，外层源于颅骨的内骨膜，内层较外层坚厚，两层之间有丰富的血管和神经硬脑膜与颅盖骨连接疏松，易于分离，当硬脑膜血管损伤时，可在硬脑膜与颅骨之间形成硬膜外血肿。硬脑膜在颅底处则与颅骨结合紧密，故颅底骨折时，易将硬脑膜与脑蛛网膜同时撕裂，使脑脊液外漏，如颅前窝骨折时，脑脊液可流入鼻腔，形成鼻漏。硬脑膜在脑神经出颅处移行为神经外膜，在枕骨大孔的边缘与硬脊膜相延续。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_meninges/SM_dura_mater">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="硬脊膜" audio="YinPin1489/硬脊膜.mp3" englishName="Spinal dura mater" tip="硬脊膜:脊髓3层被膜的最外层，呈厚而坚韧的管状，上端附着于枕骨大孔周缘，下端与终丝融合，止于尾骨背面的骨膜，在椎间孔处与脊神经外膜相续。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_meninges/SM_dura_mater_spinalis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="大脑镰" audio="YinPin1489/大脑镰.mp3" englishName="Falx cerebri" tip="大脑镰:伸入大脑纵裂内的镰刀状硬膜隔。前端附着于鸡冠，后部与小脑幕相连，上缘附着于上矢状窦沟的两侧，下缘游离于胼胝体上方。大脑镰分隔左、右大脑半球。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_meninges/SM_falx_cerebri">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="小脑幕 " audio="YinPin1489/小脑幕.mp3" englishName="Tentorium cerebelli" tip="小脑幕:伸入大脑横裂中的新月形的硬膜隔。前缘游离形成幕切迹，后缘呈弓形向两侧附着于横窦沟，幕上方为大脑枕叶和颞叶，下方为小脑。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_meninges/SM_tentorium_cerebelli">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
<Body name="脊髓" tip="" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_spinal_cord">
|
||
|
||
<Body name="脊髓" audio="YinPin3.0(501-700)/脊髓.mp3" englishName=" spinal cord" tip="脊髓位于椎管内，上端平枕骨大孔处与延髓相连，下端在成人平第1腰椎体下缘（新生儿可达第3腰椎下缘平面），全长约42-45cm，最宽处横径为1-1.2cm。
|
||
脊髓呈前、后稍扁的圆柱形，全长粗细不等，有两个梭形的膨大，即颈膨大和腰骶膨大。前者自第4颈节至第1胸节，后者自第2腰节至第3骶节。
|
||
这两个膨大的形成是因为内部的神经元数量相对较多，与四肢的出现有关。脊髓末端变细，称为脊髓圆锥，自此处向下延为细长的无神经组织的终丝，长约20cm,向上与软脊膜相连，向下在第2骶椎水平以下由硬脊膜包裹，止于尾骨的背面。
|
||
脊髓表面可见6条纵行浅沟，前面正中较明显的沟称前正中裂，后面正中较浅的沟为后正中沟，由此沟向脊髓内部入一薄层神经胶质性的后正中隔，深达中央管。这两条纵沟将脊髓分为左右对称的两半。
|
||
此外还有两对外侧沟，即前外侧沟和后外侧沟，分别有脊神经前根、后根的根丝附着。在颈髓和胸髓上部，后正中沟和后外侧沟之间，还有一条较浅的后中间沟，是薄束和楔束之间的分界标志。
|
||
脊髓由灰质和白质两大部分组成。在脊髓的横切面上，可见中央有一细小的中央管，围绕中央管周围是“H”形的灰质，灰质的外周是白质。
|
||
每侧的灰质，前部扩大为前角或前柱；后部狭细为后角或后柱，它由后向前又可分为头、颈和基底三部分；在胸髓和上部腰髓(L1-L3)，前、后角之间有向外伸出的侧角或侧柱；前、后角之间的区域为中间带。" path="Ren_NEW/SM_ZhongShu/SM_central_nervous_system/SM_spinal_cord/SM_spinal_cord">
|
||
|
||
<ObjectToggle>
|
||
<Color></Color>
|
||
</ObjectToggle>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</Body3D>
|
||
</Module> |